Monkeys and birds are still alert to your orders, and the wind and clouds are eager to protect your fortress.
You are the owner of the brush, a wise general, but your emperor, defeated, rode a prison car.
You are more capable than Zhou's greatest politician, but you can't compare with two Shu generals who died in battle.
Although a temple was built for you in your birthplace, you never finished singing the song of the holy mountain.
order
Bei Tie is a poem written by Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. "Preparation Post" is located in the north of Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province. Legend has it that Zhuge Liang sent troops to attack Wei and planned the military here. By appreciating Zhuge Liang's political and military abilities, this poem expresses his reverence for him and deeply regrets that he failed to realize his desire to reunify China.
To annotate ...
① Preparation Office: The former site is located in Guangyuan North, Sichuan Province. "Yu Fang Sheng Lan": "Bei Yi is 99 miles north of Miangu County, Mianzhou. Zhuge Wuhou of Shu started his career here and got a taste of garrison planning. "
(2) Fish-bird sentence: Zhuge Liang is famous for his strictness in running the army, which means that even fish-birds are still in awe of his short books. Doubt: Surprise. Jane: It refers to military orders. The ancients wrote on bamboo slips.
(3) Warehousing: refers to military fences.
(4) General: Commander in Chief of Judah, referring to Zhuge Liang.
⑤ Surrender to the king: refers to the late ruler Liu Chan. By bus: In 263 AD (the fourth year of Jingyuan Emperor of Wei Yuan), Deng Ai conquered Shu, and the later master went out, and the whole family moved eastward to Luoyang. When they came out, they also passed the preparatory post. Special vehicles for ancient post stations. After the emperor, at this time, he sat in a car, which also implied irony.
⑥ Tube: Guan Zhong. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Xiang helped Qi Huangong think about his success. Le: Le Yi. During the Warring States period, people were famous in the State of Yan, and they were once defeated and strong. Yuan Buqi: It's really worth it. When Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Nanyang, he compared himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi.
⑦ Other years: Make a description of the previous year. Jinli: In the south of Chengdu, there is Wuhou Temple.
⑧ Fu Liang's Poems: These two sentences mean that it's a pity that I went to the Wuhou Temple in Jinli a few years ago and remembered his ambition to chant "Fu Liang's Poems" when he lived in seclusion.
translate
The hesitation of fish and birds is a strict military order that scares the prime minister, and the wind and cloud often protect the fence of his army base. Zhuge Liang wasted his time here, but Liu Chan, the late ruler, finally surrendered by mail. Kong Mingzhen is really a talented person of Guan Zhong and Le Yi. Both Guan Gong and Zhang Fei are dead. How did he save the day? Last year, I passed by Jincheng and visited Wuhou Temple. I once recited Fu Liang's songs to express my deep memory of him.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem was written by the poet through the preparation of the post office. In this poem, the poet expresses his reverence for Zhuge Liang, deeply regrets that he failed to realize the wish of reunifying China, and at the same time condemns the late ruler Liu Chan who surrendered to Wei. This poem, like most of Zhuge Liang's works, praises his prestige and respects his intelligence; At the same time, you can express your regrets and express your feelings. However, in terms of artistic techniques, the uniqueness of the discussion is that it is based on the alternate suppression method, the method of giving way to the guest and the host, and the method of combining reality with reality.
"Fish and birds hesitate and fear, and the wind and clouds are eager to protect your fortress." It is strange to personify fish, birds and clouds, saying that they are afraid of Zhuge Liang's god of running the army and maintain his military facilities after his death, which positively sets off Zhuge Liang's military talents. In classical poetry, there is often a technique of "multi-guest arch subject", which is the technique used in the first couplet of Li Shangyin's poem. Reciting these two sentences is awe-inspiring to see Kong Ming again. "There is no direct portrayal of Zhuge Liang, but through the state of fish and birds to highlight Zhuge Liang's good at running the army. In the author's imagination, the ape-bird state is a reaction caused by Zhuge Liang, as a "guest" to highlight Zhuge Liang's military strength. Take these natural scenery as guests. It is anthropomorphic and has some special symbolic meanings. As a real scene to build a post office, the ape-bird scene also plays a role in rendering the atmosphere, which makes people feel solemn; However, it is not a simple description of atmosphere, but turns reality into nothingness, blurring the real scene, and directly highlights the theme of "Feng Ming's lies".
"You are the owner of the brush, a wise general, but your emperor, who failed, sat in the prison car." I finally saw it, but I left a pen, deeply sighing that an outstanding figure like Zhuge Liang could not save the destruction of Shu. What's the use of Zhuge Liang's strategizing? Liu Chan, the late ruler who failed to live up to expectations, finally surrendered, became a prisoner and was escorted to Luoyang by a post car. "General", commander in chief of Judah, refers to Zhuge Liang. "Chuanche" is a special vehicle for ancient post stations. It is ironic that the late emperor Liu Chan was sitting in a carriage. In the fourth year of Wei Yuan (263), Wargo attacked Shu, and his family moved eastward. He also prepared a post office when he came out.
You are more capable than Zhou's greatest politician, but you can't compare with two Shu generals who died in battle? Analyze the reasons for the demise of Shu. First of all, don't forget to affirm Zhuge Liang. As far as his talent is better than wind music, Shu can lead the way. However, Zhang Guan's life was short and there was no general. It is useless to rely on Zhuge Liang alone. Ancient and modern times are used in pairs, and Zhuge Liang is better than the ancients. At the same time, writing Zhuge Liang is that the past serves the present, and the virtual is practical, and it is natural. The reason for saying this is that Zhuge Liang "compared himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi" (The History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu and Zhuge Liang Chuan), so it is natural for Guan Zhong and Le Yi to point the finger directly at Zhuge Liang. So the so-called "wind music" can be said to be "ancient" and "virtual" and "real", as opposed to Guan and Zhang.
Although a temple was built for you in your birthplace, you never finished singing the song of the holy mountain. Express admiration for Zhuge Liang. That is to say, when I passed the Zhuge Wuhou Temple in Jinli (south of Chengdu), I sang Zhuge Liang's Song of Fu Liang, and I still had endless grievances in my heart. The so-called "hate" is not only Zhuge Liang's "resentment", but also the author's "self-metaphor". It is especially graceful to express the feelings of "hate" with the discussion of restraining one and promoting two.
This poem puts Zhuge Liang and his career in a sharp and complicated environment, knows historical figures and summarizes historical experience in the contradictory movement of unity of opposites. So it is ups and downs, ups and downs, leaving a deep impression.