I think: I have been isolated to this extent by the leap soil, but our descendants are still angry. Isn't Honger short of water? I hope they will no longer be separated like me ... but I don't want them to live as hard as I do because they want to be together, and I don't want them to live as hard as a leap of soil. They deserve a new life, because we have never lived.
Combining with the full text of Hometown, and thinking deeply about this passage of Lu Xun, we can easily find that Hometown is actually concerned with two periodic festivals in the development of interpersonal relationships. The first cycle festival is the change of the relationship between young Lu Xun and young leap soil to adult Lu Xun and adult leap soil.
This is a complete cycle festival, which includes both the former (the harmonious and beautiful relationship between young Lu Xun and young Runtu) and the latter (the gap between adult Lu Xun and adult Runtu: "I am so isolated from Runtu").
Seriously, this circular festival is actually a link in the endless chain of repeated interpersonal relationships in the past, and it is one of countless such vicious circular festivals. It includes Lu Xun's summary and generalization of China's whole history of social thought and social relations: people were originally equal and friendly, but in feudal society, when they reached adulthood, there was a gap between people, and hearts could not be connected.
Lu Xun believes that this vicious circle has been created between him and Runtu, and there is no room for recovery. However, there is also a second cycle, that is, the relationship between juvenile aquatic and juvenile macro-children changes to that between adult aquatic and adult macro-children. This is an unfinished cycle, with only the former item and no latter item.
Just like the young Lu Xun and the young Runtu, Shui Sheng and Honger still maintain a virgin love, and there is a harmonious and beautiful relationship between the two hearts, but what will their future be like? As distant as Lu Xun and Runtu? This is the problem that Lu Xun tried to solve. He hoped that they would break the vicious circle of China's social thoughts and social relations from their generation, so as to embark on a new development path and start a new life, a life that they had never experienced before.
The whole plot chain of Hometown is actually composed of these two circular plates. The simple expression is this: In my opinion, all descriptions of hometown can be understood in these two circular plates, and the theme significance of hometown also exists in the relationship between these two circular plates.
When analyzing the relationship between young Lu Xun and young people, there is a view that Lu Xun intends to show the intelligence, courage and wisdom of rural working people's children and the extensive knowledge that rich children in cities lack, thus reflecting Lu Xun's desire and requirement to learn from working people. On the surface, this analysis seems reasonable, but if we dig deeper, it is actually quite different from Lu Xun's original intention, which can be described as "one in a million."
Because of this analysis, unconsciously, two inseparable and harmonious children were graded, divided into advantages and disadvantages, and marked high and low, which was precisely the fundamental reason for the separation of Lu Xun and Runtu.
Lu Xun said: "I don't know others. In my own heart, it seems that there is always a high wall between us, which separates us and keeps everyone's hearts from printing. " This is our ancient wise men, the so-called sages, who divided people into ten classes and said that they were different. Although its name is no longer used, ghosts still exist and become more severe. Even a person's body has equal differences, so that the hand can't help being regarded as an inferior alien with feet. "
The harmonious relationship between young Lu Xun and young Runtu is precisely because they have not separated the differences between them, and distinguished the advantages and disadvantages from the high and low. Young Lu Xun doesn't feel any contempt because Runtu is a child of a poor peasant family. Young Runtu is not regarded as a different kind because the novel was written in the eyes of young Lu Xun. He has no sense of superiority, so he shows his admiration for young Runtu. But we must never think that young Runtu is inherently superior to young people.
Imagine, if we regard the shaping of the cute image of young people moistening the soil as a comparison between Lu Xun and moistening the soil, as a simple compliment to the working people, and as a manifestation of Lu Xun's desire to learn from the working people, can Lu Xun's later description of moistening the soil be interpreted as Lu Xun's contempt for the working people and a manifestation of Lu Xun's opposition to learning from the working people? In a word, this view has deviated from the analysis of the above-mentioned full cycle section, and simply deduced its own conclusions from some descriptions of Lu Xun, and the result has deviated from Lu Xun's original intention.
As long as we combine the two cycles listed above, we will clearly see that Lu Xun's description of young Lu Xun and young Runtu focuses on the harmonious relationship between them. The relationship between Hongzi and Shuisheng is a repetition of the relationship between young Lu Xun and young Runtu. In the description of the relationship between Hongzi and Shuisheng, we only saw their harmony and love, but did not compare them, so the essence of the relationship between young Lu Xun and young Runtu is the same. From harmony to alienation, it is the main track of the change of the relationship between Tu Xun and Lu Xun.
How is the gap between Lu Xun and Runtu formed? Lu Xun attacked the feudal hierarchy that divided people into different grades. It is the feudal hierarchical concept under the influence of this system and the feudal ethical code system that maintains and implements this system. I am very excited at this moment, but I don't know how to say it, just saying:
"ah! Brother Runtu.-You're here? ……"
Then I have a lot of words to gush out like beads: horn chicken, jumping fish, shells, clams, ... but I always feel as if I am blocked by something, and my mind is spinning and I can't spit it out.
He stopped, his face showing joy and sadness; His lips are moving, but he is silent. Finally, he shouted respectfully and clearly, "Sir! ..... "We seem to have a cold shiver; I know there is a deep barrier between us. I can't talk either.
Obviously, Runtu still has a good impression and love for Lu Xun, but at this time, he can't treat Lu Xun equally as before. He has regarded Lu Xun as another person who is different from himself in concept and a "master", so it is difficult for him to express his inner feelings freely.
These two hearts trembled and wanted to shake together, but the hierarchical boundary between people finally separated them. It can be said that this description is the climax and highlight of the full text of Hometown, and the word "master" is the focus of this description. It can be seen that the center of Hometown is to expose the invisible destructive effect of feudal hierarchy and feudal hierarchy on the normal relationship between people, which is a variation on the theme of "feudal thoughts eat people".
"Ah, you how so polite. Didn't you call yourselves brothers before? Still that: Brother Xun. " Mom said happily.
"Oh, the old lady is really. ..... what kind of rule is this? At that time, I was a child, and I didn't understand ... "Moistening the soil said that it was also called water coming up to arch. ...
The "rules" and "understanding" mentioned here mean treating people's feudal etiquette with different attitudes according to their different identities and grades.
In the feudal society of China, from childhood to adulthood, a person was first educated and trained by such "rules", but when he got used to these "rules" and "understood" this relationship, he could no longer treat others with true feelings, and it was difficult for people to form sincere emotional exchanges, so the sincere and harmonious relationship between young Lu Xun and young Runtu was completely destroyed. This is the greatest sorrow and pain contained in Lu Xun's Hometown.
In addition, the hardship of life is also an important reason for people's spiritual flattening. "Many children, famine, exorbitant taxes, soldiers, bandits, officials and gentry all make him look like a puppet." "He just feels bitter, but he can't describe it"-Runtu becomes numb under the constant pressure of life. Even Lu Xun lost his relaxed and lively mood as a teenager in the "hard exhibition".
This mentality is not conducive to the natural expression of people's feelings, and it is also not conducive to emotional communication between people. This has also aggravated the gap between people and set a serious obstacle to mutual understanding and sympathy between people. Why can't even Lu Xun's words just spin in his head, and he can't speak freely with Runtu as before? Because he no longer has the carefree mood of childhood.
It can also be seen that Lu Xun's description of people's painful material life in "Hometown" incorporates the central theme that their spirit is suffocated and the normal relationship between people is destroyed. Some comrades only regard Hometown as a novel that reflects the painful material life of working people. I think it is one-sided and not enough to summarize the overall significance and all ideological functions of hometown.
It is easy for people to feel that when we say that the spirit of moistening the soil is numb, it includes his painful experience of being politically oppressed and economically exploited. But when we say that his material life is painful, it doesn't mean that his spirit has been destroyed and numb. In my opinion, the relationship between the two can also be explained by the relationship between the two cycles in Hometown.
The above-mentioned two circular festivals in "Hometown" did not include the protagonist, Sister Yang Er, a tofu beauty, because this character, in my opinion, is only an important and necessary supplementary factor of these two circular festivals and appears in the novel as their foil.
The feudal hierarchical system, feudal hierarchical concept and feudal ethical code separated Lu Xun and Runtu, but they did not completely destroy their inner affection and love. They oppressed Runtu to numbness and superstition, but they didn't destroy his kindness and loyalty.
Yang Er, the eldest sister-in-law in Tofu Beauty, is a bourgeois figure who has become insincere to people under the feudal hierarchy. She clings to relatives and friends in front of Lu Xun, but she has no feelings; A compliment on the surface is actually just to get something. In her body, it embodies the more serious consequences that feudal hierarchy, feudal hierarchy concept and feudal ethics can cause: it douses any warmth between people and makes it a cold relationship of mutual plunder under the cover of false words.
Among the real interpersonal relationships in my hometown, only Shui Sheng and Honger have a normal and beautiful relationship, but what will their future be like? Will it go back to the old road that Lu Xun and Run Tu took? This is the problem that Lu Xun concentrated on. Lu Xun doesn't want them to fly across the earth like themselves, and he doesn't want to live in a "hard posture" like Yang Er's sister-in-law, but can it be realized? How to achieve it? Lu Xun did not fully understand this.
The above is the main content of Hometown.
"The era of leap soil is gone forever!" This is a common cliche when we talk about our hometown. This is right in a sense, but it is not completely right in a sense. Did the feudal hierarchy and feudal ethics really disappear? Can these students who listen to our hometown with innocent eyes really avoid the change of the relationship between Lu Xun and Runtu in the future? Can they really not be separated? The questions asked by our hometown are not completely out of date, so they are still of practical significance.
Extended data:
My hometown is a short story written by modern writer Lu Xun at 192 1. The novel takes the activity of "I" returning to my hometown as a clue, according to the plot arrangement of "returning to my hometown"-"staying in my hometown"-"leaving my hometown", and based on what I have seen, heard, remembered and felt, centering on characters such as Runtu and Sister-in-law Yang Er, thus reflecting the reality of rural bankruptcy and farmers' miserable life before and after the Revolution of 1911. At the same time, it is profoundly pointed out that due to the influence of traditional concepts in feudal society, the working people are bound by spirit, which leads to the distortion of pure human nature and the indifference and estrangement between people, and expresses the author's strong dissatisfaction with reality and strong desire to transform the old society and create a new life. The novel was selected into the ninth grade junior high school Chinese of People's Education Publishing House (Volume I).
Lu Xun (188 1 September 25th-19361October19), formerly known as Zhou Zhangshou, later renamed Yushan, later changed to Yucai, "Lu Xun" is his1. A famous writer and thinker, an important participant in the May 4th New Culture Movement and the founder of modern literature in China. Mao Zedong once commented: "Lu Xun's direction is the direction of the new culture of the Chinese nation."
Lu Xun has made great contributions in many fields, such as literary creation, literary criticism, ideological research, literary history research, translation, introduction of art theory, introduction of basic science and research on ancient books collation. He had a great influence on the development of China's social ideology and culture after the May 4th Movement, and enjoyed a high reputation in the world literary world, especially in the fields of Korean and Japanese ideology and culture. He is known as "the writer who occupied the largest territory on the East Asian cultural map in the 20th century".
References:
Lu Xun-Baidu Encyclopedia "Hometown"-Baidu Encyclopedia