"Miscellaneous Poets Live Without Roots"
Author: Tao Yuanming
Life has no roots, floating like dust on the road.
Scattered and driven by the wind, this is no longer the case.
We are brothers, why should we be close by flesh and blood!
Have fun and have fun, fight and drink with your neighbors.
The prime years will never come again, and the morning will never come again.
Be encouraged in time, time waits for no one.
Notes:
1. Pedicle (Emperor): The melon stem, fruit nose, and the connection between flowers and branches are all called pedicles. Mo: The east-west road, here generally refers to the road. These two sentences mean that life has no foundation in the world and wanders like dust on the road.
2. This: refers to this body. Extraordinary body: a body that does not remain unchanged for a long time, that is, it is no longer the body of the prime of life. This sentence and the previous sentence mean that life is drifting with the wind, and this body has gone through many hardships and is no longer what it used to be.
3. Landing: just born. This sentence and the next sentence mean that everyone in the world should be regarded as brothers. Why should biological brothers be able to have a blind date?
4. Dou: wine vessel. Neighbor: Nearby. This sentence and the previous sentence mean that when you encounter something pleasant, you should have fun, and if you have wine, you should invite your neighbors to drink.
5. Prime: prime of life.
6. Timely: take advantage of the prime of life. This sentence and the next sentence mean that you should encourage yourself while you are young and strong. Time passes by and does not wait for others.
Translation:
Life has no roots in the world,
It wanders like dust on the road.
Life changes with the wind,
This body has gone through many hardships,
it is no longer what it used to be.
Everyone in the world should be regarded as brothers.
Why do we need biological brothers to have a blind date?
When you encounter something pleasant, you should have fun.
If you have wine, invite your neighbors to drink.
You should encourage yourself when you are young and strong.
Time passes by and does not wait for others.
Appreciation:
There are twelve poems in Tao Yuanming's "Miscellaneous Poems", and this is the first one. Mr. Wang Yao believes that the first eight poems are consistent in tone and should be written in the same year. According to the meaning of the sentence "Such Naihe Fifty Years Later", the statement was written in 414 AD (the tenth year of Emperor Yixi of Jin'an), when Tao Yuanming was fifty years old, eight years after he resigned and returned to his fields.
This group of "Miscellaneous Poems" is actually a collection of miscellaneous poems that do not adhere to conventional conventions and speak when they encounter objects (annotated by Li Shan in "Selected Works"). Just as what Huang Wenhuan of the Ming Dynasty said in the fourth volume of "Analysis of Tao Poems": Twelve poems are full of sorrow and lamentation, the eighth poem is dedicated to poverty, and the rest laments the boss, repeated over and over again, the sadness and indignation are equal to the "Songs of Chu". It can be said that lamenting the impermanence of life and lamenting the brevity of life are the keynote of this group of "Miscellaneous Poems".
This kind of lamentation about the impermanence of life and the shortness of life can already be heard in the "Book of Songs" and "Chu Ci", but it was only in the late Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties that this kind of sadness became deeper Expanding to a wider extent, from "Nineteen Ancient Poems" to Sancao, from Seven Sages in the Bamboo Grove to Erlu, from Liu Kun to Tao Yuanming, this kind of sigh becomes more desolate and sad, more profound and heavy, and even becomes Typical tone of the entire era. This tone may seem negative and pessimistic today, but under the specific social conditions at that time, it reflected the awakening of people and the progress of the times.
The four lines of "Life has no roots" in "Nineteen Ancient Poems" are based on the meaning of life. It is like a floating dust, lamenting the impermanence of life. The pedicle is the part that connects the flower and fruit to the stem. Human life in this world is like a tree without roots or a flower without a pedicle. It has no roots and no roots. It is also like the dust blowing in the wind on the road. Due to the unpredictable fate, life is wandering, various encounters and changes are constantly changing people, and everyone is no longer the original self. Although the language of these four poems is ordinary, it contains strange things. It compares life to a rootless tree and a peduncle flower. It is a metaphor, and then it is compared to the dust on the road, which is another metaphor. The comparison between comparisons is like a metaphor. The external images directly describe the poet's profound life experience, revealing the most painful sadness. Although Tao Yuanming had little sense of conventional charm and had great ambitions to travel far and wide, he was born around the time of the Jin and Song dynasties. The politics were dark, wars were frequent, the country had no peace, and the people were in dire straits. Forced to make a living, he worked several times as an official and retired several times, living in conflict and pain. Finally, at the age of forty-one, he resigned and returned to his fields, no longer serving as an official. Such a state of the world and such experiences made him feel uncertain and uncontrollable about life. Although in his reclusive poems, readers can feel his broad-minded and transcendent aspirations and peaceful feelings, deep in his heart, there is a kind of loss of shattered ideals and a kind of illusion of life. despair.
We are brothers after landing, so why should we be close by flesh and blood? Coming from the past, since everyone is no longer the original self, why should we care about the relationship of flesh and blood and blood relationship. Everyone who comes into this world should become brothers. This meaning comes from the Analects of Confucius: Zixia said: A gentleman is respectful and respectful, and treats others respectfully and politely. Within the four seas, we are all brothers. Why should a gentleman worry that he has no brothers? This was also Tao Yuanming's ideal desire for peace and universal love during the war years. Have fun and have fun, fight and drink with your neighbors.
Rich experience often makes people have a deeper understanding of the tragedy of life. Growing older often makes it more difficult for people to find joy and excitement in life. This is especially true for Tao Yuanming who was in a dark period of politics. This is reflected in his poems. The expression is very clear: as time goes by, this heart has faded away. There is no time for fun, and there is always more worry. ("Miscellaneous Poems" Part 5) But after all, he did not completely give up his beautiful life ideals. He turned to nature outside the officialdom to seek beauty, and to village life outside of official career and glory to seek spiritual joy. This kind of joy Plain and harmonious, clear and simple. Drinking with neighbors is a portrayal of Tao Yuanming's style of joy. This kind of scene is often described in Tao Yuanming's poems, such as: greeting each other after passing the door, and drinking wine. ("Migration") When the day comes, we return together, and we work hard for our neighbors. ("Reminiscence of the Ancient Farm House at the Beginning of the Year of Guimao") This is Tao Yuanming's style of carpe diem. The days are short and the nights are long, so why not travel by candlelight; why not drink fine wine and be subdued by the simple and elegant nature; why not be a high-ranking student and occupy the important road first ( "Nineteen Ancient Poems") have obvious differences and reflect a higher spiritual realm.
The four sentences "You will never come back in your prime" are often quoted by people to encourage young people to seize the opportunity, cherish time, study hard, and strive for progress. Today, it is not wrong for ordinary readers to understand these four lines of poetry in this way. But Tao Yuanming's original intention was quite different from this, which was to encourage people to enjoy themselves in time. Since life is so short, life is so unpredictable, society is so dark, and joy is so hard to find, then don’t miss the little joy that can occasionally be found in life, seize it in time, and enjoy it to the fullest. . This idea of ??carpe diem must be examined under the specific historical conditions at that time. It essentially marks a kind of human awakening, that is, under the condition of doubting and denying the value of old traditional standards and beliefs, people have a deeper understanding of their own lives. , the rediscovery, thinking, grasping and pursuit of meaning and destiny. Tao Yuanming discovered pure beauty in nature, found simple interpersonal relationships in village life, and realized his self-worth in pastoral labor.
This poem begins with a lament about the uncertainty of fate, which makes people feel confused and sad when reading it. Then he cheered up a little, and the poet persistently searched for friendship and joy in life, giving people a glimmer of hope. The final chapter is impassioned and exciting. The language in the whole poem is simple and unpretentious, and the metaphors are ordinary. The quality is like jade, but the connotation is extremely rich, ups and downs, and thought-provoking. Tao Yuanming's poems
Tao Yuanming's poems
1. "Drinking"
The house is in a human environment, without the noise of cars and horses.
How can you do this? The mind is far away from itself.
Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, you can leisurely see the Nanshan Mountain.
The mountain air is getting better day by day, and the birds are flying back and forth.
There is a true meaning in this, but I have forgotten to explain it.
2. "Five Poems on Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields"
The first one
There is little common rhyme, and one's nature is to love hills and mountains.
I accidentally fell into the dust net and passed away for thirty years.
The tame bird misses the old forest, and the fish in the pond miss the old abyss.
Open up the wilderness in the south, stay humble and return to the garden.
The square house covers an area of ??more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses.
The elms and willows shade the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees in front of the hall.
The distant village is warm and the smoke is lingering in the ruins.
Dogs bark in the deep alleys, cocks crow on top of mulberry trees.
The courtyard is clean of dust and clutter, and the empty room has plenty of leisure.
After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.
Second
There are few people and things in the wild, and there are few martingales in the back streets.
The sun covers the thorns, and the empty room is empty of dust.
At that time, in the middle of the ruins, people were walking around in grass.
When we meet, there are no words, but the road is long.
The days of mulberry and maize have been long, and the days of my soil have been broad.
I am often afraid of the frost coming, and the grass will be scattered and scattered.
Third
At the foot of the southern mountain where beans are planted, there are few bean seedlings in the grass.
In the morning, I clean up the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight.
The road is narrow and the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes;
It is not a pity to touch my clothes, but my wish is true.
Fourth
Go to the mountains and swamps for a long time, and have fun in the wild forests.
Let’s take our children and nephews with us and walk in the deserted ruins.
Wandering among the hills and mountains, people still live there.
There are remains of well stoves and decaying mulberry and bamboo trees.
I would like to ask those who collect firewood, what are these people like?
The salaryman said to me: There will be no rebirth after death.
This saying is true!
Life seems to be an illusion, and it will eventually become nothing.
Fifth
Returning from sorrow and hatred alone, through the rugged journey.
The mountain stream is clear and shallow, so I can wash my feet when I encounter it.
I drink my new wine, and the two chickens bring me closer.
When the sun enters the room, it is dark, and the thorn bushes replace the bright candles.
The joy comes but the evening is short, and it has returned to the sky.
3. "The Peach Blossom Spring"
During the Taiyuan period of the Jin Dynasty, the people of Wuling were engaged in fishing.
Walking along the stream, I forget how far the road is.
Suddenly I came across a peach blossom forest, hundreds of steps across the bank.
There were no trees in the middle, the grass was delicious, and the fallen flowers were colorful.
Fishermen are very different. Going forward again, I want to exhaust the forest.
When the forest runs out of water, there is a mountain.
The mountain has a small opening, as if there is light.
He left the boat and entered through the mouth.
At first he was very narrow, but he was able to understand others.
After walking dozens of steps, I suddenly became enlightened.
The land is flat and vast, with well-groomed houses, fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees, and bamboos.
Traffic on the streets, chickens and dogs hearing each other.
Among them, the men and women are dressed like outsiders.
His yellow hair hangs down, and he is content with himself.
When he saw the fisherman, he was shocked and asked where he had come from.
Answer it. Then he returned home, where he set up wine and killed chickens for food.
Hearing about this person in the village, Xian came to inquire.
Ziyun's ancestors fled the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and led his wife to come to this desperate situation.
He did not come back, so he was separated from outsiders.
Asking what era this is, I don’t know that there was Han, regardless of Wei and Jin.
Everything this person said and heard made him sigh with regret.
The remaining people went to their homes again, where they all had wine and food.
Stop for a few days and resign.
This is what people say: It is not enough for outsiders.
As soon as he got out and got the boat, he helped him to the road and looked for it everywhere.
He went to the county and the prefect and said so.
The prefect immediately sent people to follow him in search of his desired direction.
Then he became lost and could no longer find his way.
Liu Ziji from Nanyang was a noble scholar.
Hearing about it, he happily went there.
If it fails, you will end up looking for illness.
No one cared about it afterwards.
4. "Come Back and Come Back"
The Yu family is poor, and farming is not enough to support themselves.
Children have a full room, but no grain in the bottle.
They have no resources for life, but no skills.
Relatives and friends often advise me to become a long-time official.
I have a lot of ambitions to be free, and I will go all out to pursue it.
There will be things going on in the four directions, and the princes will regard kindness as virtue.
My uncle will be poor, so he will use it in Xiaoyi.
At that time, the turmoil was still not calm, and he was worried about the long service.
Peng Ze went home a hundred miles away, and the profits from the public land were enough to make wine.
So I asked for it. After a few days, the family felt like returning home.
Why?
It is natural in nature and not the result of hard work.
Although hunger and cold can cut off the pain, it goes against one's own will and causes illness.
Taking care of people and affairs, they all serve themselves with food and drink.
So I feel sad and generous, deeply ashamed of my life ambitions.
I still look forward to Yimin, when I gather my clothes and the night passes.
Xun Cheng's sister died in Wuchang.
She was in love with Jun Ben and resigned from her post.
From mid-autumn to winter, I stayed in office for more than eighty days.
Because things are going well, the fate chapter is called "Go back and come back".
Yisi is the eleventh year of the year.
5. "Two Poems about Ancient Farm Houses at the Beginning of Spring in Guimao"
First
I heard about Nanmu in the past, but I didn't practice it back then.
How can spring be avoided even when people are empty?
I have been pretending to be my driver in the early morning, and I have already cherished my love.
The birds chirp to celebrate the New Year, and the cool breeze sends the remaining good deeds away.
The cold bamboos are overgrown, and the land is far away from the people.
So the stick-planting man is so leisurely that he will never return.
That is to say, the reason is inferior to general knowledge, and the protection is shallow.
Second
The previous teacher has left a legacy, worry about the road but not poverty.
It’s hard to catch something when you look forward to it, but you will always work hard if you change your desire.
Adhere to the current affairs, understand the beauty and persuade the farmers.
Pingchou is far away from the wind, and good seedlings are also full of new ideas.
Although I haven’t measured my achievements over the years, I am glad that there are many things going on.
There is a break in farming, but the traveler has no interest in it.
When the day comes, we return to each other, and we work with our new neighbors.
The long chants cover the firewood gate, and we talk about being the people of Longmu.
6. "He and Hu Xi Cao showed their concern for the traitor Cao"
In the middle of the fifth month of Ruibin, the Qing Dynasty started to go south.
It’s not too late to drive, my clothes are fluttering.
Heavy clouds cover the day, and there is a light rain.
Looking at the West Garden, you can see the purple sunflowers shining brightly.
It is so cute now, but it will fade away again.
Feelings of things are willing to be timely, and every time I hate them, I will show them.
Waiting for the autumn harvest, the few will be late on credit.
Don’t be overwhelmed by your idle thoughts. Rampant only brings sorrow.
7. "Written in the middle of the twelfth month of Guimao year to stay away from my younger brother"
I slept under the Hengmen, Miao was isolated from the rest of the world.
No one knows that the Jing Fei is always closed during the day.
The wind is desolate at the end of the year, and the snow is shining through the sun.
There is no sound in my ears, and my eyes are clear.
The energy invades the lapels and sleeves, and the baskets and ladles are used repeatedly.
In the desolate sky, there is nothing to be happy about!
After reading thousands of years of books, I always see the legacy.
To be high-minded is unattainable and absurd.
If you can't help yourself in Pingjin, you will be clumsy if you live late!
The message is beyond words, who can say goodbye.
8. "Azuo, the Sutra for Suppressing the Army and Joining the Army"
At a young age, I send my thoughts to other things, but my heart is written in Qin Shu.
I am proud of being brown, and I am always empty.
When the time comes, Gou Ming will meet, and the bridle will rest on the thoroughfare.
Tou Ce ordered me to dress in the morning, and I was temporarily separated from the garden.
The lonely boat passed away, and I returned to Siyu.
My trip is not far away, more than a thousand miles up and down.
My eyes are tired of the rivers and rivers, and my mind is thinking about the mountains and rivers.
Looking at the clouds, I feel ashamed to be a tall bird, and facing the water, I feel ashamed to swim in the fish.
I really want to be in my lap at the beginning, but who can say that my appearance is restricted.
After chatting and changing, we finally returned to Bansheng's house.
9. "Drinking Alone in the Rain"
It has been said from ancient times that fortune will eventually come to an end.
There are pine trees and pine trees in the world, but where are they today?
Therefore, the old man gave me the remaining wine, saying that he would become immortal by drinking it.
Try to drink hundreds of emotions far away, and forget about the sky when you repeat the wine.
How can the sky go here? Ren Zhen has nothing to do first.
The cloud crane has strange wings, and its eight wings can be returned in a moment.
I have been alone for forty years.
The body has been transformed for a long time, what can I say about my heart?
10. "In the third month of Yisi's year, he joined the army to join the army and envoys passed through Qianxi"
I don't practice this situation, and the good years have accumulated.
Looking at the mountains and rivers in the morning and evening, everything is as it was before.
The light rain washes the high forest, and the clear sky clears the clouds.
The goods and materials of my family are still there, and the wind of righteousness has not separated them.
Whoever Yi Yu is doing is encouraged to serve here.
The appearance seems to be well-organized, but the plain collar cannot be changed easily.
Sonoda dreams day by day, and An Deji is separated for a long time.
I will return to the boat with my heart in my heart. Forgive me for the frosty cypress.
11. "Four Poems on Returning Birds"
One
The bird returns with wings and goes to the forest in the morning;
Eight of the Faraway Birds The table is close to the clouds.
If you are not in harmony with the wind, you will search for your heart.
Gu and couple are mingling with each other, and the scenery is clear and clear.
Second
The bird returns with wings and flies away.
Although I don’t have any desire to travel, I fall in love with the forest when I see it.
When encountering the clouds, they echo each other and return.
The journey is sincere and the sex is endless.
The third
The bird returns with wings and wanders in the forest.
Don’t think about losing your way and rejoice in your old home.
Although there is no former lover, the voices are in harmony.
The air is clear day and night, and the mood is leisurely.
Fourth
The bird returns with wings, and the feathers are cold.
If you don’t travel in the open forest, you will stay in the forest.
The morning breeze is refreshing, and good news comes from time to time.
If you pay your dues and make sacrifices, you will be in trouble!
12. "Caught in Fire in the Mid-June of Wushen's Year"
The thatched cottage is sent to the poor alley, and I am willing to say goodbye to Huaxuan.
In the middle of summer, there is a strong wind, and the forest room is suddenly ablaze.
There is a house with no remaining buildings, and the boat is shaded in front of the door.
On the far-off New Autumn Eve, the moon is about to be full.
Fruits and vegetables are beginning to revive, but the frightened birds have not yet returned.
Standing in the distance at midnight, I look forward to the nine days of the week.
He was always lonely and dying for forty years.
The shape and traces pass by, and the spiritual house is long and idle.
Honesty has its own quality, but the stone is not strong.
When I look up to Donghu, the remaining food is lying in the middle field.
I feel empty and have nothing to think about. I wake up in the morning and go back to sleep at dusk.
Since I no longer meet you, I still irrigate my garden.
13. "With Liu Chaisang"
Shanze has been seeing tricks for a long time, so why is he hesitant?
We are old friends and cannot bear to live alone.
The good time comes into my mind, and I return to the West Lu with my stick.
There is no one left in the land, and ruins can be seen from time to time.
Mao Ci has been cured, and the new territory has returned to She.
The valley wind turns miserable, and the spring mash relieves hunger.
Although a weak woman is not a man, comfort is better than nothing.
Things are happening in the world, and time flies by.
Farming and weaving call it useful, and it exceeds the requirements of this ridicule!
A hundred years ago, his body and name were still the same.
14. "Reward Liu Chaisang"
It is used by the poor and widowed, and they forget about the four directions.
There are many fallen leaves in the palm garden, and I am relieved to know that it is autumn.
New sunflowers bloom in the north, and Jiaqing supports the south.
I am not happy now. Do you know what will happen next year?
The fortune teller will take a weak child with him, and he will go on a long journey on a good day.
15. "Early Rice Harvested in the West Field in the Mid-September of the Gengxu Year"
Life has a right path, and food and clothing are essential;
No one can make money , in order to seek peace of mind.
If you start to manage your business regularly in the spring, your achievements will be considerable;
If you go out in the morning and work hard, you will pay back every day.
There is frost and dew in the mountains, and the weather is also cold.
Isn’t the Tian family suffering? It's hard to say goodbye.
The four bodies are tired, just like ordinary people suffering from dryness.
Taking a bath under the eaves, fighting with wine to loosen the skin,
The distant depression and drowning of the heart are related to each other for thousands of years.
I hope it stays like this forever.
16. "Returning to the Old Residence"
My old family went to Beijing and returned after six years.
Come back today, full of sympathy and sorrow.
The streets remain unchanged, and the towns and houses may have changed.
The former residence of the Zhou Dynasty was restored by the old man next door.
Looking for traces of the past step by step, there is a special place to look for.
In the hundreds of years of fantasy, the cold and the hot days alternate.
I am always afraid that the great power will be exhausted and my strength will not be exhausted.
Set it aside and don’t think about it. You can drink it and chat with it.
17. "Sadness from Brother Zhongde"
I passed the old house in sorrow, and my heart was filled with tears.
Who am I sad for? Carrying people is in Jiu Ming.
The dress is famous and the group follows, and the love is as if it was born together.
When holding hands in front of the door, why should you lean in first!
It’s too easy to count things, but it’s impossible to succeed even if you are a mountain.
The loving mother is deeply saddened, and Er Yin is only a few years old.
The hall was empty, and there was no crying day and night.
Liu Chen gathered himself and sat down in the vestibule of the herbal hotel.
The steps eliminate the traces of travel, and the garden is full of emotion.
The shadows will disappear and disappear forever.
I will turn back soon, full of compassion and sorrow.
18. "In the middle of the eighth month of the eighth year of Bingchen's year, I found a farm house in Xia [氵淽]"
He lived in poverty and depended on his crops, and worked hard in Donglin Kuma.
Don’t say that spring is hard, and you are always afraid of losing your heart.
Si Tian’s family has autumn, and they send their voices to harmonize with me.
The hungry are happy to be full, and they are girded in anticipation of the crow of the cock.
The Yangjiu crosses the Pinghu Lake and returns to the clear valley.
In the gloomy and barren mountains, the sound of apes is leisurely and sad.
The sad wind loves the quiet night, and the forest birds love to bloom in the morning.
When I came here, three or four stars were burning.
As the years passed by, she became old, but her actions were not good.
I thank you from afar and chat with me.
19. "Indicating Zhou Xu's ancestor Qi Xie Jingyi Sanlang"
Under the decayed eaves, there is no joy all day long.
When Yao Shi has some free time, I will miss my beloved.
The distance is unusual, why are the roads so different?
Zhou Sheng described Confucius's industry, and his ancestors thanked him for his success.
The Tao has been mourned for thousands of years, but it is heard again today.
The cavalry team is not only teaching, but also doing homework diligently.
I love you and want to be my neighbor.
I would like to teach you all by following my Yingshui shore.
20. "Preface to the Long History of the Gifted Sheep"
Zuo Jun's long history of sheep, with the title of envoy Qinchuan, wrote this and it.
After three seasons of foolish life, I miss Huang Yu with regret.
Knowing that it has been known for thousands of years depends on the ancient books.
The virtuous saints left traces behind, and everything happened in Zhongdu.
Don’t forget to travel your mind, the river cannot be crossed.
The nine realms have just been unified, and the generals who have passed away have taken charge of Zhouyu.
I heard that you should step forward first, and you will not be able to gain even if you suffer from illness.
If the road passes through Shangshan, I will have less hesitation.
Thank you Qi and Jiao, how is it now?
Who will harvest Zizhi again? The deep valley should be empty for a long time.
There is no danger of horse riding, and there is entertainment for the poor and the lowly.
The clear ballads are knotted with heartfelt songs, and people's good fortune is rarely seen.
It’s hard to express your feelings and express your feelings to the next generation. Miscellaneous Poems in the Mountains
Miscellaneous Poems in the Mountains
"Miscellaneous Poems in the Mountains"
Liang Wujun of the Southern Dynasties
Smoke is seen coming from the mountains, < /p>
Watching the setting sun in the bamboo.
Birds fly to the eaves,
Clouds come out of the window.
Notes:
1. Shanjian: The place where the mountains and the sky meet.
2. Smoke: This refers to clouds.
3. Peep: look through the gap.
4. Eaves: eaves.
Translation:
The place where the mountain meets the sky is filled with mist and mist.
The afterglow of the setting sun is seen through the gaps in the bamboo forest.
Birds flew happily on the eaves,
White clouds actually floated out of the window.
Appreciation:
This small sutra uses simple line drawing to show the scene of a mountain village, just like a wonderful sketch. It is used to form a special environment and give people a fresh feeling. This style is used.
The poem describes the poet's interesting life living in the mountains: surrounded by mountain peaks, lush bamboo trees, birds flying on the eaves of other people's houses, and clouds floating out of the windows. This secluded residence wipes away all the dust of the world and expresses the poet's comfortable and leisurely mood casually and vividly. The whole poem is only four short sentences, each sentence contains a scene, but each sentence is inseparable from the theme of the mountains. Smoke fills the valley and floats between the peaks. This is a common phenomenon in the quiet and deep mountains. As the sun sets in the west, its slanting rays can only be glimpsed through the gaps in the bamboo forest. From this, we can see the lush greenness of the bamboo forest, and the tranquility of the mountains has been conveyed in the first two sentences. The birds on the eaves come and go, and the white clouds pass through the window, which all indicate that the poet lives on a very high ground and is among lush forests and bamboos.
Although each of these four sentences is a scene, there are always people in it. For example, the words "seeing" and "peeping" in the first two sentences indicate that there are clearly people behind the scene, and the scene written is only what people see. The scenery is not a purely objective description. As for the words on the eaves and in the windows in the third and fourth sentences, the presence of people is more clearly revealed. Moreover, the poet's joy of living in the mountains is hinted at in the description of the scenery, and his tranquil and transcendent state of mind can also be seen here.
The whole poem reflects the tranquility and detachment of mountain dwelling, far away from the hustle and bustle of the world. It expresses the poet's idea of ??being content with poverty and contentment, and also expresses the poet's love for nature. The poetic meaning of Jihai's miscellaneous poems_The meaning of Jihai's miscellaneous poems
The poetic meaning of Jihai's miscellaneous poems_The meaning of Jihai's miscellaneous poems
"Jihai's miscellaneous poems"
Qing Gong Zizhen
The anger of Kyushu relies on wind and thunder,
It is sad that thousands of horses are silent.
I urge God to cheer up and send talents of any kind.
Notes:
1. Kyushu: China.
2. Wind and thunder: social changes as fast as thunder.
3. Angry: a lively situation.
4. Rely: rely on.
5. Silence: No sound.
6. Thousands of horses are silent: a metaphor for the lifeless social and political situation.
7. After all: after all, after all.
8. God: God of creation, also represents the emperor.
9. Re: re.
10. Cheer up: cheer up.
11. Jing: rigid, constrained.
12. Jiang: birth.
Translation:
If such a large China can regain its vitality, it will rely on reforms that are as fast as the wind and thunder.
A situation like thousands of horses in silence is heartbreaking after all.
I advise the emperor to regain his spirit.
Don’t stick to certain standards and reduce more talents.
Appreciation:
This is an excellent political poem. The whole poem has clear levels, divided into three levels: the first level describes the lifeless real society where thousands of horses and horses are silent, and the government and the public are silent. On the second level, the author points out that in order to change this dull and decadent status quo, we must rely on the huge power of wind and thunder. It is a metaphor that China must undergo tremendous social changes to become vibrant. On the third level, the author believes that such power comes from talents, and what the court should do is to recommend talents out of the norm. Only in this way can China have hope. The poem uses subjective images with majestic characteristics such as Kyushu, wind and thunder, ten thousand horses, and God of Heaven, which are profound in meaning and majestic.
The first two sentences of the poem use two metaphors to express the poet's views on the situation in China at that time. Thousands of Horses Silence is a metaphor for the decadent and cruel reactionary rule, where ideas are imprisoned, talents are strangled, and there is dullness, vulgarity, ignorance, and a dead silence and suffocating reality. Wind and thunder are a metaphor for emerging social forces and sharp and violent reforms. Focus on the big picture, focus on the whole, and create a majestic, powerful and profound artistic realm. The last two sentences of the poem, "I urge God to be brave again, and send talents down in an eclectic way" is a famous line that has been recited. The poet expresses his passionate hope with unique imagination. He is looking forward to the emergence of outstanding figures, looking forward to the reform trend forming new thunder and new vitality, and sweeping away the dull and sluggish situation that has enveloped Kyushu. He not only exposes contradictions and criticizes Reality, but also longing for the future and full of ideals. It is a unique wonderland, unique, calling for change and the future.