Emei Mountain is half moon and autumn,
Shadow into the Pingqiang River.
At night, Qingxi flows to the Three Gorges.
Now, near Yuzhou, how I want to see you!
Translation:
On a crisp autumn night with bright moonlight, the poet went down the river from Qingxi Post in a boat. The moon reflected on the river, like a good friend, accompanied the poet. But on the way from Qingxi to Yuzhou, the moon is always blocked by mountains on both sides, which makes the poet miss him very much.
Precautions:
1. Emei Mountain: in the southwest of Emei County, Sichuan Province.
2. Pingqiang (qiāng): the name of the river, now Qingyijiang, is in the territory of Emei Shandong.
3. Send: Start. Qingxi: Qingxi Post Station, near Emei Mountain in Ji 'an, Sichuan. Three Gorges: refers to Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River, at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei provinces. One refers to the Three Gorges in Li Tou, Beibei in Leshan, Sichuan is peaceful, and Qingxi is in the upper reaches of Li Tou Gorge.
Jun: It refers to Mount Emei. One refers to the author's friend. Down the river. Yuzhou: Chongqing area today.
5. Semi-circular autumn moon: a semi-circular autumn moon, that is, the first quarter moon or the second quarter moon.
2. Emei Mountain Moon Song Yuan Emei Mountain Moon White Emei Mountain Mid-Autumn Festival, shadow into Pingqiang Stream ②.
At night, the Three Gorges stream is clear, and the four gentlemen don't see Yuzhou. Note ① Emei Mountain: in the southwest of Emei County, Sichuan Province; ② qiāng: The name of the river, namely Qingyi River, is in the territory of Emei Shandong.
Three rounds: here we go. Qingxi: Qingxi Post Station, near Emei Mountain in Ji 'an, Sichuan.
Three Gorges: refers to Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River, at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei provinces. One refers to the Three Gorges in Li Tou, Beibei in Leshan, Sichuan is peaceful, and Qingxi is in the upper reaches of Li Tou Gorge.
④ Jun: It refers to Mount Emei. One refers to the author's friend.
Down the river. Yuzhou: Chongqing area today.
The autumn moon on Mount Emei rises for half a month, and the shadow of the moon reflects Qingyi River. At night, my boat set off from Qingxi and sailed for the canyon, but I missed you, but I couldn't see my boat sailing down Yuzhou. Brief analysis: This is a poem about young Li Baichu's attachment to his hometown landscape when he left Sichuan. The poet walks on the water by boat. On the boat, he saw a semicircle of autumn moon spit out from the tip of Mount Emei. The shadows of the mountains and the moon are reflected in the Pingqiang River, and the moon has been flowing with the river.
In the evening, the ship set out from Qingxi Station and sailed for the Three Gorges. After the ship arrived in Yuzhou, the moon was covered by high mountains. This poem uses five place names and shows a map of Shu River thousands of miles away through mountains, moons and rivers.
Appreciation 1: Emei Mountain is located in Emei County, southwest of Chengdu, Sichuan. There are many temples in the mountains.
Li Bai's Emei Mountain Poems. There are three familiar songs. One is "Climbing Mount Emei", which was written by the author when he lived in Sichuan in his early years, and the other is "The Moon Song on Mount Emei sends monks to Beijing" written in his later years. This was written when the author left Shu at the age of 26 (726).
If Li Bai went to Mount Emei in his early days to visit Taoism and seek immortality, then the poems he wrote about Mount Emei's monthly songs shortly after he left Sichuan were mainly to express his lofty aspirations and thoughts for his friends. People appreciate this poem very much, but their understanding is quite different.
First, there are different opinions about the author's mood when writing this poem. In the Ming Dynasty, Liu, who quoted volume 47 of the Collection of Tang Poems, said that the poem was "sentimental and sad", and Cheng's "One and Many in the Description and Structure of Ancient Poems" said: "Li Bai's intention is to make a comparison with many places he will pass along the river.
To show their relaxed mood downstream. "If we analyze this poem by contacting Li Bai's motivation to leave Sichuan, it is not difficult to judge the right or wrong of the above two understandings.
At that time, the author traveled to Sichuan with ambitions from all directions, and you Dapeng would spread his wings. At this time, there is no "sadness". On the contrary, there is a strong desire to win with the bright moon.
Mount Emei originally flowed eastward with the river, and the author went down the river by canoe. Sometimes you can see the mountains and the moon, sometimes you can't, and the bright moon appears and disappears, as if you are chasing yourself.
When you can't see it, it's like leaving mountains and rivers behind. Liu's so-called "emotion" seems to be closer to the original intention than the word "sadness" if it is understood as the author's interest in playing in the mountains and the moon or the joy of going out to Sichuan.
The second is the different understanding of the word "autumn". One thinks it means autumn, and the other thinks it means "when the upper or lower chord of Mount Emei is semicircular".
Of course, the latter statement is more reasonable. But what is certain is that the "half moon" in Li's poems does not refer to the first quarter moon, because Emei Mountain is in the southwest of the author at this time, which naturally refers to the end of the lunar calendar. At the same time, the word "autumn" can be found as the explanation of "time" in exegetics, that is, the word "autumn" can be trained as "period" and "day"
In addition, the word "autumn" is also trained to fly or jump, for example, the seventh song of Hanshu, Rite, Music and An Zhi Shifang: "Flying in autumn, roaming in the sky." Accordingly, it seems reasonable to interpret this sentence as a crescent moon flying over Mount Emei.
Third, there are different interpretations of the "Three Gorges". First, the "Three Gorges" here refer to Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge at the junction of Hubei and Sichuan. One refers to the Small Three Gorges in Li Tou and Beibei in Leshan, Sichuan.
To distinguish which is more reasonable. Let's take a look at Li Bai's route out of Sichuan first.
The author saw the reflection of Mount Emei in Pingqiang River, indicating that it started from Mount Emei. Pingqiang River, namely Qingyi River, originates in the northwest of Lushan County, Sichuan Province and joins Minjiang River in Leshan County.
The "Qingxi" in the third sentence is Qingxi Post Station, located in Qianwei County, Sichuan Province. "Qingxi" is in the lower reaches of Leshan Three Gorges, and the author starts from here at night.
The goal is to "anger the Three Gorges", obviously not referring to the Three Gorges in Leshan County. Otherwise, not only will the word "Xiang" lose its landing, but pedestrians will also turn back.
So the "Three Gorges" here must refer to the famous Three Gorges in Badong. This is a desirable place and the only way for Leshan to go out of Sichuan via Yuzhou (now Chongqing).
Fourth, the word "Jun" in couplets has different interpretations. Some people say that it refers to the friend the author misses, or "the person who saw him off"; Shen Deqian said, "The moon is between the Three Gorges in Qingxi, and half of it has disappeared.
The word Jun refers to the moon. "("Tang Poetry Biecai ") seems that the latter statement is more reasonable.
Mount Emei is actually the author's hometown, and the moon is the hometown circle. The author's nostalgia for Mount Emei.
Undoubtedly, it is also a kind of attachment to hometown. If "thinking of a gentleman" is interpreted as "thinking of friends", it is too dull. It is better to regard it as personifying people with the moon, which is more poetic.
Yu Biyun thinks: "The waning moon in autumn night reflects the majesty of Emei. Parked by the river, the scenery is quiet.
Helpless canoe night hair, Dongqin Chongqing. Looking back at the moon and sinking mountains, I can't see you. A good mountain is equal to a good friend. "
Therefore, "thinking of a gentleman" is not just about missing a friend, but a generalized nostalgia. Isn't it more meaningful to regard the mountains and the moon, which symbolize hometown, as friends than to refer to a specific friend? The ancients commented on this poem and praised its wonderful use of place names.
Wang Shimao, an Amin scholar, said: "There is a saying in artistic conversation that you can't enter a story twice and a story can't be repeated. There are very few offenders of this disease, and if they can be singled out, they are very strict.
However, I don't think it's wonderful. When you write a poem, you will feel that it is good to have a little, and you will feel that there is no trace. Even if you make two sentences, you won't get hurt.
For example, Taibai's "Emei Mountain Moon Song", with four sentences and five names, is a swan song of ancient and modern times, never too heavy. Wang Shizhen called this poem a beautiful place, saying, "Twenty-eight words".
There are Mount Emei, Pingqiang River, Qingxi, Three Gorges and Yuzhou, which make future generations artificial.
3. Overview of the original Yuege in Emei Mountain
Name of the work: Emei Mountain Moon Song Creation Year: Tang Dynasty Author: Li Bai's work genre: basic information column of seven-character quatrains
Chinese Name: Emei Mountain Yuege Type: Poetry Style: Four Lines Year: Tang Dynasty Author: Li Bai Lines: Four Lines Words: 28 words
Mid-Autumn Festival in Emei Mountain (1) is reflected to Pingqiang River. (2) Qingxi flows in the Three Gorges at night, and (3) the four gentlemen don't see Yuzhou. (4)
Note (1) Emei Mountain: It is in the southwest of Emei Mountain in Sichuan. Semi-circular autumn moon: a semi-circular autumn moon, that is, the first quarter moon or the second quarter moon. (2) Shadow: moonlight. Pingqiang: The name of the river, now Qingyi River, is in the northeast of Emei Mountain. Originated in Lushan, Sichuan, it flows through Leshan and flows into Minjiang River. (3) Evening: Tonight. F: Let's go. Qingxi: Qingxi Post Station, near Mount Emei in Qianwei, Sichuan. Three Gorges: It refers to Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River, which is now the junction of Sichuan and Hubei provinces. One refers to the Plough, Back Hubei and Pingqiang Three Gorges in Leshan, Sichuan, and Qingxi is in the upper reaches of Li Tou Gorge. (4) Jun: It refers to Mount Emei. One refers to the author's friend. Down the river. Yuzhou: Chongqing area today.
translate
On Mount Emei, a half-moon hangs high on the hill, and the moon is reflected on the clear water of Pingqiang River. Depart from Qingxi to the Three Gorges in the evening, and you can be seen in Yuzhou (the moon on Mount Emei). How I miss you!
Editorial appreciation of this work
This poem comes from the eighth volume of the Complete Works of Li Taibai. Li Baichu, a teenager, made it when he left Shu, about 725 years ago (the 13th year of Kaiyuan). The whole poem has clear artistic conception, simple language and smooth rhyme. Tang poetry notes: "Jun refers to the moon. In Emei, the moon reflected in the river, and because of the clear moonlight, I arrived at the Three Gorges, but suddenly there was no moon and the ship had gone straight to Yuzhou. The charm of poetry is unique. " The poem begins with "Emei Mountain Moon", pointing out that the season of traveling far away is in autumn. The word "autumn" is upside down at the end of the sentence because of its rhyme. Autumn is crisp and the moonlight is bright ("autumn moon is bright"). It is natural to use the word "autumn" to describe the beauty of moonlight. The moon is only "half a circle", which reminds readers of the beautiful artistic conception of the castle peak spitting the moon. Qingyi River near Emei Mountain originates in Lushan County, Sichuan Province, and flows into Minjiang River through Leshan County. The second sentence "shadow" refers to the shadow of the moon, and the two verbs "into" and "flow" form a linked predicate, which fables that the shadow of the moon is reflected into the river and goes with it. Looking at the moon shadow in the water from a fixed position, no matter how the river flows, the moon shadow is motionless. "When the moon is gone, I will go." Only when the viewer goes down the river will he see the wonderful scenery of "shadow into the river" Therefore, this sentence not only writes about the beautiful scenery of the Qingjiang River reflected by the bright moon, but also writes about sailing in the autumn night. The artistic conception is ethereal and wonderful. There is someone in the second sentence, and the person in the third sentence has appeared: he is leaving Qingxi Station overnight, entering the Minjiang River and heading for the Three Gorges. Young people who "serve the country with swords and shadows, leaving their loved ones to travel far away" are reluctant to part with their old friends when they leave their hometown. Seeing the moon on the river is like seeing an old friend. However, the bright moon is not an old friend after all. I can only "look up at the bright moon and send my feelings for thousands of miles." The last sentence, "I miss you, but I can't see Yuzhou", expresses the infinite feelings of parting, and the words are short and affectionate. Emei Mountain-Pingqiang River-Qingxi-Three Gorges-Yuzhou, poetic and picturesque, gradually spread a picture of the Shu River for readers. Apart from the "Emei Mountain Moon", there is almost no more specific description of the scenery in the poem; Except for the word "four kings", there is no lyric. However, the artistic image of "Emei Mountain Moon" runs through the whole poetic realm and becomes a catalyst for poetry. It has rich implications: the mountains and the moon accompany Wan Li, which can be seen every night, making the feeling of "missing you" deeper and deeper. The bright moon is approachable and unattainable, which is a symbol of missing friends. In the poem of singing the moon, the feelings of missing friends in the river are expressed everywhere, which makes the poet feel intoxicated. The short quatrains are quite limited in expressing the changes of time and space, so the general writing method is not to transcend time and space at the same time, and the time and space span expressed in this poem has reached a free position. Twenty-eight words, place names appear in five places, and twelve words * * * are unique among the ten thousand quatrains in the Tang Dynasty. It means "four words in the place name are five, and the ancient and modern eyes are the last words, and they never tire of repeating them" (in Wang Linzhou's language). The reason is that the poet's experience of swimming in the river and his yearning for his friends are permeated in the poetic realm, and the symbolic artistic images of mountains and moons are everywhere, unifying a vast space and a long time. Secondly, the treatment of place names is also full of changes. "Emei Mountain Moon" and "Pingqiang River" are names attached to the scenery, which are empty; "Faqingxi", "Xiangsanxia" and "Xiayuzhou" are all practical, but they have different positions in the sentence. In this way, the poem seems to be seamless, and the beauty lies in the chemical industry. Wang Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty commented: "This land is too white, and there are Emei Mountain, Pingqiang River, Qingxi, Three Gorges and Yuzhou among the 28 characters. It's hard to find a trace, and it's very good to see the beauty of this old furnace hammer. " Wherever the poem chants the bright moon, it is intoxicating to express the feelings of missing friends in the river. The poetic realm is permeated with the poet's experience of swimming in the river and his yearning for his friends. The symbolic artistic images of mountains and the moon run through everywhere, unifying the vast space and long time.
Brief introduction of the author
Li Bai (70 1-762), the word Taibai, claimed to be the same clan as the royal family in Li Tang, and his ancestral home was in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now Tianshui, Gansu). When I was a teenager, I lived in Sichuan and studied Taoism. At the age of 25, he traveled to Sichuan and lived in Anlu and Lujun successively. During this period, he went west to Chang' an to seek fame, but he returned frustrated and went east; Later, he was sent to Beijing by imperial edict to worship the Hanlin. Soon, because he was not reused, he left Beijing and wandered around. Since the Anshi Rebellion, in order to counter the rebellion, he joined the staff of Wang Yong Li Jun; Later, Wang Yong was killed by Tang Suzong and exiled to Yelang because of his involvement. In order to seek forgiveness, he went to Dangtu (now Anhui) county magistrate Li and died soon. He was famous for writing poems, and was greatly appreciated by people at that time, praising his poems as "making ghosts cry". He reflected reality with romantic poems, described mountains and rivers, expressed lofty sentiments and chanted lofty sentiments, and became a great poet who lit up ancient and modern times. Written on the way out of Shu in 725 in the thirteenth year of Kaiyuan.
4. Emei Mountain Moon Song Translation Emei Mountain half moon autumn, shadow into the Pingqiang River. In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
On Mount Emei, a half-moon hangs high on the hill, and the moon is reflected on the clear water of Pingqiang River. Depart from Qingxi to the Three Gorges in the evening, and you can be seen in Yuzhou (the moon on Mount Emei). How I miss you!
(1) Emei Mountain: It is in the southwest of Emei County, Sichuan Province.
(2) Shadow: moonlight.
(3) Evening: Tonight.
(4) Send: Start.
(5) Qingxi: Qingxi Post Station, near Mount Emei in Qianwei, Sichuan.
(6) Three Gorges: Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River, which are now at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei provinces. One refers to the Plough, Back Hubei and Pingqiang Three Gorges in Leshan, Sichuan, and Qingxi is in the upper reaches of Li Tou Gorge.
(7) Jun: It refers to Mount Emei. One refers to the author's friend.
(8) Downstream: Downstream.
(9) Yuzhou: Chongqing area today.
(10) Semi-circular autumn moon: the semi-circular autumn moon, that is, the first quarter moon or the second quarter moon.
(1 1) Pingqiang: The name of the river, now Qingyi River, is in the northeast of Emei Mountain. Originated in Lushan, Sichuan, it flows through Leshan and flows into Minjiang River.
5. Vernacular translation of Yuege in Emei Mountain
In front of the steep Mount Emei, there is a half-moon suspension. The flowing Pingqiang River reflects the bright moon. Set out by boat at night, leave Qingxi and go straight to the Three Gorges. I miss you, but it's hard to meet each other, and I can't bear to go to Yangzhou.
The Moon Song on Mount Emei is a poem by Li Bai, a great romantic poet in Tang Dynasty.
In the autumn of the first half of Mount Emei, the Pingqiang River reflected.
In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
Extended data
Creation background
This poem is from the eighth volume of the Complete Works of Li Taibai, which was written by Li Bai when he was young. Emei Mountain is the mountain in the middle of Shu and the name of Shu. Li Bai is a native of Shu, so Mount Emei is also the hometown month. This poem was written by Li Baichu when he left Shu, and it was written before the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725).
The poem begins with "Emei Mountain Moon", pointing out that the season of traveling far away is in autumn. The word "autumn" is upside down at the end of the sentence because of its rhyme. Autumn is crisp and the moonlight is bright ("autumn moon is bright"). The word "autumn" also describes the beauty of moonlight, which is natural and wonderful. The moon is only "half a circle", which reminds people of the beautiful artistic conception of the castle peak spitting the moon. There is Pingqiang River in the northeast of Emei Mountain, now Qingyi River, which originates from Lushan County, Sichuan Province, flows to Leshan County and joins Minjiang River.
6. Translation of Emei Mountain Yuege vernacular translation:
In front of the steep Mount Emei, there is a half-moon suspension. The flowing Pingqiang River reflects the bright moon.
Set out by boat at night, leave Qingxi and go straight to the Three Gorges. Miss you, hard to meet, reluctant to part with Yuzhou.
Extended data:
Influence of later generations:
This poem has a great influence on the poetry creation at that time and later generations. Du Fu's "Jiang Yue", "Three Poems on the Moon", Su Shi's "To Zhang Jiazhou" and Lu You's "Moon Rock" are all obviously influenced by Li Bai's "Song of Mount Emei Last Month".
About the author:
Li Bai (70 1~762), whose name is Taibai, is a violet layman. He is the most unique and greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. He has the reputation of "poetic immortal" and is also called "Du Li" with Du Fu.
His poems are mainly lyrical, showing the arrogant spirit of contempt for powerful people, expressing sympathy for people's sufferings, being good at depicting natural scenery and expressing his love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland. The poetic style is magnificent and bold, the imagination is rich, the language flows naturally, the melody is harmonious and changeable, and it is good at absorbing nutrients and materials from folk literature and myths and legends, which constitutes its unique magnificent and gorgeous color and reaches the peak of poetic art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.