Teaching design of reading ancient poems in the first compulsory volume of Chinese in senior high school Chapter 65438 +0 Teaching objectives
Language construction and application are read repeatedly, so that students can have an overall understanding of the whole poem and feel the language charm of the poem.
The development and promotion of thinking analyzes the images in poetry, expands the imagination, learns the expressive techniques of poetry writing, and realizes the emotions in poetry.
Aesthetic and creative experience Poetry is full of meaning, lingering aftertaste, homesickness of wandering, sadness of lovers leaving home, and accumulation of humanistic quality.
Cultural inheritance and understanding guide students to accept the noble and pure emotional edification in poetry.
Teaching focus
Analyze the images in poetry, expand imagination and feel the emotions in poetry.
Teaching difficulties
Learn the expression of writing in this poem.
First, the introduction of problem solving
1, the Tang Dynasty is the heyday of China's poetry, which represents the highest achievement of classical poetry, and this is human knowledge. However, the development of anything is not achieved overnight, and so is the development of poetry. It has gone through a long process of development. In this development process, the poems from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties laid a solid foundation for the emergence of the poetry climax in the Tang Dynasty. Today, we are going to learn one of the nineteen ancient poems, which was named "the crown of five words" by Liu Xie in Wen Xin Diao Long.
2. Picking Hibiscus on the River is selected from Nineteen Ancient Poems, which belongs to a group of miscellaneous poems in Selected Works compiled by Xiao Tong in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Its title is a collection of five-character poems written by scholars at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Most of the contents show that the wanderer has accomplished nothing and misses his wife. However, his artistic achievements are very high, and he is good at expressing emotions, making good use of things to set off, putting his feelings in the scenery and melting the scenery into the environment. This group of poems was highly praised by the ancients. Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long" was rated as "the crown of five words"; Zhong Rong's "Poetry" said, "Wen Wen Yi Li, whose meaning is sad and far away, is thrilling, and can almost be described as a word of gold."
Second, reading perception.
Read the name out loud.
What kind of emotion does poetry express?
Third, taste appreciation.
1, which images are selected in the picture of one or two sentences? What kind of artistic conception do these images constitute?
Qing: Furong, Lanze, Cao Fang; The artistic conception is noble and quiet; Contrast the elegance of the protagonist's image with the purity and beauty of the feelings expressed.
Picking flowers and folding willows is exactly the lyric way of the ancients. On the one hand, they convey their concern and yearning for their relatives and friends, on the other hand, they place their best wishes on them. When seeing off, always fold a wicker for the traveler. In order to express his thoughts on his good friend, the traveler sends him a plum blossom every time he arrives at the station. Wang Wei wrote in Acacia: "When those red berries come in spring, they flush on your southern branches. For me, take a hug home as a symbol of our love. "
The image of lotus: lotus is used to describe the holy demeanor of a gentleman; Use the lotus flower as a metaphor for a beautiful and pure woman; Use lotus flowers to describe the firmness and sincerity of love; Lotus homophonic.
2. Three or four emotional changes?
Clarity: When we read this poem, we should deeply understand the meaning of the question "Whoever takes it will want to leave". Inheriting two sentences is a sudden turning point. A cavity of enthusiasm was poured by a basin of cold water, and suddenly the world changed color. There is infinite desolation and loneliness, infinite sadness and disappointment. This is a question and a sigh. It is also worth noting the position of the sentence "Philip Burkart". Didn't the poet think of this when he picked hibiscus flowers by the river? Did you really think of this "thought" when you saw lotus grass? "Thinking" is always in his mind. Picking hibiscus across the river is still for him. If you express him directly from the beginning, the poem will be dull and tasteless. He kept the first two sentences a secret, but when the conversation turned in the third sentence, he exposed him at once, only to see the power of this sentence. This sentence is the culmination of the development of the whole poem, and the culmination is also a turning point. On the one hand, it temporarily ended the above development, on the other hand, it also laid the groundwork for the following development, so it should be placed in the middle as usual.
3. What are the expressive functions of "anxious to return" and "Boundless" in five or six sentences?
Clarity: the word "returning to care" has a strong sense of action and picture, which can clearly show the image and mood of the protagonist's loneliness, sadness and dismay. The word "Manhao" describes the distance between the hero and the "hometown" you can see around you, giving people the feeling that the road is long and Xiu Yuan is Xi. These two sentences implicitly convey the protagonist's extremely painful mood, but they do not directly point out the protagonist's pain, thus leaving readers with a lot of imagination and endless artistic effects.
4. In the last two poems, what kind of "feelings" do you feel about the hero?
Clarity: the protagonist's painful and sad mood; The sincere feelings of two people who love each other. -Worried.
Fourth, discuss and explore.
1. Who is the lyric hero of this poem, or who can it be?
Students can compare the intonation of women and men in Meng.
Obviously, people who "wade in the river" may be homesick, while those who "wade in the river" may be wanderers; People who are "involved in the river" may be homesick, and those who are "homesick" may be homesick, imagining that the wanderer must be missing his hometown and sighing far away; Poor wanderer, in sadness, imagined that his "homesickness" at home also had feelings of parting. This kind of homesickness is imagining the wanderer "looking back at his hometown".
A wanderer is homesick, and a woman is homesick, both of them.
The correct way to write is to write from the opposite side, also known as writing from the opposite side, and the subject and object are misplaced. The poet is a homesick person. He does not express his feelings directly, but writes to the other side to express the author's deep thoughts tactfully and implicitly. This writing makes the content of poetry change from a single perspective to multiple perspectives. It shows the poet's rich imagination and constructs the three-dimensional artistic conception of poetry.
Ancient poems sometimes seem straightforward, but in fact they are tortuous. This is the sentence "Looking back at my hometown is a long way". People who pay attention to grammar will encounter a problem in this poem, that is, many sentences have no subject. Who is wading across the river and picking hibiscus? Who is "looking back"? Who is "sorry" that the speaker is a man or a woman? Are men "in the distance" or women "in the distance"? How to answer these questions depends on how to understand the sentence "return to care"
2. What characteristics do you think this poem has in emotional expression?
Qing: Emotions are ups and downs, with endless meanings and long aftertaste.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) expansion and extension
Read Moonlit Night and answer the following questions:
Du Fu in Moonlit Night
In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.
Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .
Combined with the whole poem, we can understand the characteristics of poetry in emotional expression.
Clarity: the poet imagines from his wife's point of view and thinks of his wife's unique view from his own point of view. The content of poetry has changed from a single perspective to multiple perspectives. "Looking through her bedroom window alone" means that my wife is worried about me, but I am also worried about my wife. But the poet did not say it directly, but expressed it through his wife's heart, expressing his deep affection more elegantly.
The first volume of Chinese in senior high school requires reading ancient poems. The second part of teaching design, the teaching goal of "picking hibiscus on the river";
1, deeply understand the emotional connotation of poetry and taste the language style of poetry.
2. In the application of understanding, review symbols, reduplication, borrowing scenery, lyricism and other expressions.
3. Master the expression of dialogue.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
Multiple understanding of the profound emotional connotation behind the simple language of poetry.
Class hours:
One class hour
One: Import
A melodious piece of music brought us into today's new lesson. Ok, a small competition, guess which movie and television character this song represents? This is the representative work of Ann Zhu Xiao, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. Indeed, lotus picking has an indissoluble bond with Jiangnan women. How many happy ripples have been made in the lotus pond by the lotus-picking woman's canoe, and how many tender feelings of Jiangnan women have been entrusted by the red flowers under her wrist. The poem we are going to learn today is related to picking lotus, so let's walk into this poem "Wading for Lotus".
Second, overall perception.
(a) the first reading, reading accurate reading.
1, read poetry independently.
2. One person reads aloud, puts forward opinions and corrects mistakes. On this basis, the whole class reads aloud together.
3 overall combing, solve the keyword problem.
4. On the basis of understanding, point out the problems existing in the previous reading, guide the voice and emotion, read in cadence, and read it again by the whole class.
(B) re-reading, overall grasp
1. What is the main emotion of this poem as a whole?
Sad, lonely and depressed thoughts (title)
2. How is this feeling of missing skillfully expressed, so that this little poem without difficult words and obscure words is touching and passed down through the ages? To solve this problem, it is necessary for us to go deep into the text and deeply understand the author's hidden feelings from the perspective of artistic techniques.
Third, analyze reading and appreciate sentence by sentence.
1, Shejiang picks hibiscus, and Lanzeduo herbs.
(1) What actions are the main causes of missing in the poem?
Shejiang picking hibiscus
(2) Why is the flower picked hibiscus, and the rendering is the fragrant grass Lanze?
The diamond ring symbolizes eternity, the white gauze symbolizes purity, and our hero entrusts his feelings with the lotus as a token, so the lotus symbolizes the true feelings in the author's heart, and its nobility symbolizes the noble feelings of the author.
2. Who wants to leave behind and think in the distance?
(1) So, did the author send out such a noble and beautiful lotus flower? Why?
Thinking far away.
(2) What sentence pattern does the author use to express this sudden decline in psychological activity?
Questions and answers. "Thinking is a long way" to "Who should I leave what I want?" What is the answer? Ask yourself, answer yourself and talk to yourself. What information can you capture from it?
Ask yourself, answer yourself and talk to yourself, showing the loneliness and coldness of the situation; And the lonely and cold situation?
Health: I miss my relatives far away.
3. I'm still looking at my hometown, and it's a long way.
(1) At this time, the wanderer didn't feel like looking back at his hometown. So, did he see the hometown he missed and the relatives he missed?
No, what he saw was a long way to go, Xiu Yuan.
(2) The first half of this poem narrates, and the second half describes the scenery, without a word of concern. How did the author do it?
Reduplication: the content is repeated and the rhyme is long, which makes the image of the road extend infinitely in length and width.
4 I am bent on leaving home and worried to death.
(1) This sentence is the direct expression of the author's emotion after the previous layers of bedding and rendering, so what kind of emotion do you see?
Sadness and melancholy
uphold the truth
Social criticism (meeting people and discussing the world here)
(2) At this point, our understanding of this poem has deepened. Behind its seemingly plain language, there are so many tortuous stories hidden. Let's read the whole poem again with our own interpretation and read your emotions and feelings.
Fourth, cooperative inquiry-writing skills
1, students discuss and explain the reasons, and explain the poem from their own understanding.
2, clear
Lotus pickers should be women. First, lotus picking is mainly a female activity, which is also the reason why Zhu Xiao's typical Jiangnan lotus picking songs are produced. Second, most of the wanderers' demands are in Beijing, especially Luoyang. How can they wade into the south river to pick pods? Thirdly, according to the homophonic pun commonly used in Jiangnan folk songs, "lotus" often implies "hibiscus", which is clearly a woman's husband tone.
The person who takes care of it should be a man. Because "hometown" is hometown, it also shows that this person is not in his hometown, but wandering outside, and is undoubtedly a wanderer wandering for fame.
3. Point out the problem. There are two protagonists in the poem, but there can only be one lyrical subject. This leads to writing skills.
4. Definition introduction
5, combined with this poem, specific analysis.
6. Analysis of expression effect
7. Investigate-find out the parts of the following poems that use writing skills.
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.
When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
-Wang Wei's "Thinking of My Shandong Brothers on Vacation in the Mountain"
In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.
Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? ?
-Du Fu's Moonlit Night
Every winter solstice, I am accompanied by the shadow in front of the knee lamp. If you want to sit at home late at night, you should also talk about travelers.
-Bai Juyi's Night Thoughts on the Winter Solstice in Handan
Verb (abbreviation of verb) summary-deep feelings are shallow, and shallow words are shallow and profound.
1. So far, we have finished analyzing this poem. Now you can understand the predecessors' high evaluation of the language art of Nineteen Ancient Poems. Although its language is not as beautiful as Han Fu, nor is it as neat as regular poems, behind its natural and simple language, it uses a variety of expression techniques, such as asking questions, overlapping words, borrowing scenery to express feelings, writing, etc., which makes the poet's deep feelings seem simple, but in fact ups and downs, forming the artistic charm of Nineteen Ancient Poems. You got it?
2, music, with the understanding of this poem, read the text with emotion.
3. Homework arrangement: Try to rewrite the poem into a narrative of about 800 words, which should conform to the emotional tone of the original poem and have certain details.