Qianyun
There was a Yasha who neglected his duties and was cursed by his master.
He had to endure the pain of being away from his beloved wife and was demoted for a year;
p>
He went to live in the densely shaded woods of Mount Rama,
The water there had bathed Siddha in the water and brought him all the merits.
This passionate lover lived in the mountains for several months,
said goodbye to his beloved wife, and took off the gold necklace on his arm;
In early July, He saw a cloud floating up to the top of the mountain,
like a giant elephant leaning down and touching the mountain with its teeth.
In front of this love-making rain cloud,
He held back his tears, barely stood up, and was so moved;
He even felt happy when he saw the clouds. People can also be emotionally excited,
What's more, the seeds of passion are those who are still in love but are far away?
The rainy season was approaching, and in order to protect the life of his lover,
he wanted to ask the clouds to bring news of his safety;
He was filled with joy and offered wild jasmine Send flowers as a gift,
Say some sweet words to the cloud to express your welcome.
…………
Cloud! Now listen to me as I tell you the journey you should take,
and then listen to the sweet message I give you.
When you are tired from the journey, you rest on the top of the mountain.
When you are thin, you drink the clear water from the river.
The innocent wife of the little fairy looks up at you, infinitely surprised,
Thinking that there is a strong wind blowing up the mountain wind;
From here you are Where there are moist reeds, ascend to the sky and head north.
On the way, you must avoid the attack of the giant trunk of the elephant guarding all directions.
A rainbow appears on the top of the ant hill in front,
It seems like all kinds of pearls and jewels complement each other;
Your black body will be infinitely beautiful from it,
Vishnu, like a shepherd boy, wears glittering peacock feathers.
A peasant woman who doesn’t know how to wink but has eyes full of love
I look at you intently, because the crops depend on you;
Please go up to the Maro Plateau and start plowing Passing through the fragrant fields,
turned slightly to the west, and then headed north at a brisk pace.
You have extinguished the forest fire on Mango Mountain with showers.
It will hold you firmly with its peak, if you are tired from walking;
Lowly people think of the former favors that were fashionable and would not be rejected
Friends who come to ask for a place to stay, not to mention it is so noble.
When you reach the top of the mountain, you will be as dark as a moist bun.
The ripe mangoes covering the mountain are also shining.
At that time, the mountain will be It will make the gods and friends admire it with envy.
It is black in the middle and completely white on all sides, like the *** of the earth.
On the hilltop where there is a wisteria pavilion for the women in the forest to enjoy,
You stop for a moment, pour out the water, and then move forward;
Cloud ah! When you are full of energy, the wind cannot easily tease you,
Because everything becomes lighter when it is empty, and becomes heavier when it is full.
Seeing the half-exposed yellow-green stamens of the Kadamba flower,
and the first blooming buds of the wild plantains everywhere in the swamps,
smelling it The fragrance of the earth in the scorched forest,
The elk will guide you to the path and sprinkle water gently.
…………
Behind the clouds
There are clouds like you blown up to seven stories by the wind,
They harbor The fresh water droplets immediately stained the painting;
As if frightened, he cleverly imitated the blue smoke,
turning into scattered strands and escaping from the window lattice.
When the woman there gets up from her lover's arms late at night,
The brightness of the moon is extraordinarily bright because your barrier has been removed
The moonlight gems on the silk thread dripped down bit by bit
The crystal water droplets eliminated their tiredness.
The passionate Yakshas there have endless wealth,
The Kinnara who sings praises to Kubera
Every day with the immortal prostitutes Talking and laughing together heartily,
having fun in the outer garden called Vebraja.
There, the datura flowers fell from the hair due to walking,
The twigs of the budara, the golden lotus fell from the ears,
< p> Some strings of beads, as well as garlands broken by collision,all show the route of a woman to her tryst at night at sunrise.
There the God of Love knew that Kubera’s friends lived in person.
He was often too afraid to lift his divine bow with bees as strings;
Only Those smart women who are good at arranging their eyebrows to flirt with their eyes
make Cupid succeed by never failing to flirt with the one they love.
There are colorful clothes and wine that can make people look at each other,
Blooming flowers with twigs, all kinds of jewelry,
This rouge is suitable for applying to the lotus-like soles of the feet.
All the adornments of a woman are produced from the wish-fulfilling branches.
There, to the north of Kubera Asgard, is my home.
The beautiful iridescent gate can be recognized from a distance;
My wife is nearby. I planted a small mandala tree as my adopted son.
There are numerous hanging clusters of flowers on the tree that can be reached within reach.
…………
(Translated by Jin Kemu)
Notes:
Rama is the great Indian epic "Ramayana" The protagonist in. Siddha was his wife. At the time of his banishment, he lived in the forests of south-central India. Mount Rama probably refers to a mountain in what is now the Central Province of India. Ancient annotations are inconsistent with later generations' textual research.
The monsoon season in India begins in July and August, a period of dark clouds with rain. Indians have the same feelings about the rainy season as we do about spring, because the tropical rainy season is the time when the heat ends and flowers and plants grow.
"Ant hill" is a hill made by ants digging into the soil. According to the Petersburg Sanskrit Dictionary, "Yiyuan Peak" is the name of a peak of "Mount Rama".
Vishnu is the great god of Hinduism. His incarnation Krishna (Krishna) was once a shepherd boy, blue and black, decorated with peacock feathers. Therefore, he is compared to a dark cloud illuminated by a rainbow. Rama is also considered to be an incarnation of Vishnu.
Because it rained on the fields, the clouds became lighter.
Kinnara: A half-human, half-animal deity.
"Friend of Kubera" refers to Shiva. The strings of Cupid's bow are a row of bees, and the arrows are flowers. The god of love once shot Shiva with an arrow and was burned to ashes by the divine fire in Shiva's eyes. Kalidasa described the story of the God of Love and Shiva in the long narrative poem "The Birth of Kumara", and also wrote about the wife of the God of Love crying for her husband. Finally Shiva spared the god of love. But the God of Love has since lost his body, so he is also called "invisible".
Appreciation
Kalidasa lived approximately between 330 and 432 years. He was a great ancient Sanskrit poet in India and a great poet who gained world reputation. His works include the long poems "The Lineage of Luo Ku" and "The Birth of Kumara", the long lyric poem "The Cloud Envoy", the collection of lyric poems "The Ring of Seasons", the dramas "Shakuntala", "Urivashi", " "Maravika and the King of Fire Friends", etc., are the pinnacles of classical Sanskrit literature.
The long lyric poem "The Cloud Envoy" is one of Kalidasa's best poems. The content of this poem is relatively simple. It tells the story of Yaksha, the slave of Kubera, the God of Wealth, who was infatuated with his wife and failed to manage him well. The garden of his master Kubera was destroyed by wild elephants, so his master banished him to the mountains in the south and exiled him for a year. He left his beloved wife and came to live in Mount Rama in the south. When the rainy season came, he saw clouds in the sky and thought of his beloved wife, so he asked the clouds to bring a message to her. The whole poem is mainly about Yaosha's love for Yuyun. It is divided into two parts: the front cloud and the back cloud. When writing Yaosha's letter to Yun in the front cloud, he imagined the road that the cloud passed, the scenery and feelings along the way, and the back cloud is Yaosha's. Describing the city where the God of Wealth lives on the snow-capped mountains and his own home, imagining his wife's sadness, Tuoyun expressed his lovesickness, and comforted his wife that they would be reunited soon.
In this poem, the author shows off his talent and lets his imagination run wild. He uses fresh and elegant brushwork to vividly describe the natural scenery along the way, describe the sadness of missing his wife, and imagine his pain. Mood. The author uses a strong lyrical style to express a kind of sad and lingering feeling, which is implicit and moving, with lingering meaning.
"Cloud Messenger" treats the inanimate rain clouds as animate. The whole poem is written in a sentimental, pathos and moving way. It is a peak of lovesickness poetry in classical Sanskrit literature. The author is not writing about love that transcends all without reason. He points out that the reasons for life, separation and death come from higher external forces. The background of "Yunshi" is that a slave is demoted by his master. Although the poet does not vent his resentment and anger, it is not completely absent. Be aware of the source of pain. The resentment he writes remotely implies that the upper class is the powerful oppressive class. This kind of poem by Kalidasa is just like the Dongxiao written by Su Dongpo in my country's "Red Cliff Ode". It is like resentment and admiration, and weeping and complaining. The result is "a concubine weeping in a lonely boat", such as Bai Juyi's "Pipa Play" "Late at night, I suddenly dreamed about my youth, and my dream was full of tears and my makeup was red." Regarding the artistic achievement of this poem, Mr. Jin Kemu commented: Many poems about lovesickness are just clichés, but here you can see many fresh images originating from life. The poem adopts the rhythm of a 68-character stanza (read in four sentences, with pauses in the sentences) to express the slow movement of rain clouds. There are also innovations in technique, which highlight the characteristics of classical poetry.
In ancient Indian poetry, syllables are very important. Short syllables are generally used to express anxious thoughts and feelings, while long syllables are mainly used to express sadness. Long and short syllables are used alternately to express the blend of the two emotions.
The originality of Kalidasa's "The Cloud Envoy" in terms of rhythm is mainly that it created the slow-progressive verse rhythm and achieved unique achievements in artistic skills. In addition, "Yunshi" is also the most praised by future generations for its unique imagination, beautiful metaphors, and gorgeous language.
This poem has such a high artistic achievement that many imitations appeared later, forming the trend of "messenger poetry". It mainly writes about the painful nostalgia of a couple's separation. The first person to introduce Kalidasa to foreign countries in India was my country's Tibetan translation "The Cloud Envoy". At the end of the 18th century, when "The Cloud Envoy" was introduced to Europe, it was highly praised by writers such as Goethe.
(Wang Ping)