Read the following poem and complete questions 8-9.
At the end of the year
[Tang] Du Fu
At the end of the year, I am a guest from afar, and I still fight in the corner. Smoke invades the snow ridge, and drums move the river.
The world is bleeding day by day. Who volunteered in the court? Save time. Do you dare to love it? Loneliness and fear!
[Note] ① This poem was written at the end of the first year of Guangde (763), and Du Fu lived in Langzhou (now Langzhong, Sichuan). ② Ling Xue, also known as Snow Mountain, is located in the west of Chengdu (now Chengdu, Sichuan). Ling Xue is close to Songzhou, Weizhou and Baozhou (all in the northwest of Sichuan Province). When Du Fu wrote this poem, the Three Kingdoms had been captured by Tubo.
8. Why do poets feel lonely and shocked? Please make a brief analysis with the whole poem. (4 points)
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
9. This poem uses a variety of expressions. Please name two and enjoy them. (4 points)
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
8. The answer to the quiz question is that there is a war on the border and the situation is difficult. North Korea has no one to share the worries of the country; At the end of the year, wandering in a foreign land, political neglect, loneliness; The poet's lofty sense of responsibility and strong patriotic feelings are in great contrast with his difficult situation and his desire to serve the country.
This question examines the ability to "evaluate the ideological content of the article and the author's views and attitudes." Ability level is D (appreciation and evaluation)
In the process of appreciation, we should not only read the poem carefully, understand the poet's situation and subjective ambition, clearly point out the background of the current situation in our notes, but also know people and discuss the world, understand Du Fu's lifelong ambition according to the poems we usually study, and then think comprehensively, so as not to miss the main points.
9. Test questions and answers
Metonymy, such as "smoke and dust" instead of border war; Corresponding to the "drum horn" below, the tension of war is highlighted from the perspective and hearing, and the difficulty of the current situation is rendered. With allusions, for example, "I would like to be a volunteer", Han Shu's book was published. Final military biography; The poem implies that no one in the DPRK shares the worries for the country, in order to express the poet's deep worries about state affairs.
test center
This topic examines the ability to appreciate the image, language and expressive ability of literary works. Ability level is D. (understanding, appreciation and evaluation)
Test analysis
It is generally believed that "expression skills" are divided into four levels of understanding (word-sentence-paragraph-chapter) from low to high, namely rhetoric (metaphor, analogy and exaggeration, metonymy, etc.). ), expression (narrative, explanation, description, lyric, discussion, mainly description and lyric in poetry) and performance (contrast, contrast, symbol, metaphor, etc.). ). Metonymy and allusion are both rhetorical devices. Quote is a kind of quotation, also called recalling the past. The rhetorical devices in this topic also have "duality"; There are also puns. For example, "the end of the year" refers to the end of a year, and the author has entered the twilight of his life. It also refers to the Tang Dynasty's transition from prosperity to decline to the stormy late Tang Dynasty. There is a combination of reality and fiction in the description technique, such as "the frontier soldiers are still fighting, the smoke invades the snow ridge" and "who volunteered to go to court" is the author's imagination, but it is imaginary writing; "Drum horns move the river." "Heaven and earth are bleeding every day" is the present situation, and it is real writing. There are contrasts in expression techniques, such as the contrast between the courtiers who came uninvited and the author of Dare to Love Death, a Jianghu person. The author's lofty mind can't compare with serving the country. "When does the economy dare to love to death? Loneliness and fear ",his words and deeds contrast; "Drum Horn Moving the River" implies the comparison between pre-war and post-war; The comparison of thoughts and feelings between the "distant guest" at the beginning of the poem and the "lonely shock" at the end of the poem, and so on.
Simple appreciation of poetry
In the first year of Guangde in Tang Daizong (763), Du Fu was 52 years old. This year, when he was in Zizhou, he heard that the loyalist army had won a great victory and defeated the rebels, so he wrote the famous poem "The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army". Later, when he arrived in Langzhou, he heard the news of the Tubo invasion, so Du Fu worried about the country and the people and wrote this song "Year after Year". The poet of the First League told him that he lived in a foreign country. At the end of the year, he heard the news of foreign invasion on the border. Datang has just experienced the Anshi Rebellion, and its internal troubles have not completely subsided, and foreign troubles have followed. Therefore, the tone of the first couplet seems dull, but it contains the poet's deep concern for the country and the people! The words "smoke and dust" and "drum horn" in couplets refer to the war, which was pushed to Ling Xue, and the tense sound of drum horns stirred the quiet Jiangcheng. The author of the Necklace Alliance witnessed the bloody and tragic war and asked the emperors and ministers of the Tang Dynasty, "Who volunteered in the imperial court?" In the face of a strong enemy, does the author doubt that someone in North Korea will voluntarily kill the enemy? Tail couplet "save time and dare to love death?" It is not only a cry to the whole world, especially the advice of courtiers, but also an encouragement to oneself. A truly loyal and patriotic person will disregard his own life and death. But "Loneliness and Fear" points out the poet's mood at this time. On the one hand, the poet is far away from the situation of the imperial court, unable to share his worries for the country, unable to display his ambitions, and only serves the country's heart. On the other hand, the poet himself is a "dying man". Although he wants to kill the enemy and serve the country, he is unable to do so and can only die alone.