Time: Tang Author: Du Fu Style: Five Laws
a light wind is rippling at the grassy shore, through the night, to my motionless tall mast.
the stars lean down from open space, and the moon comes running up the river.
if only my art might bring me fame, an official, took a sick leave due to old age.
flitting, flitting, what am I like, but a sand-snipe in the wide, wide world!.
Note
Brief analysis:
This poem not only writes about the travel customs, but also makes the elderly and sick more sad, but still can only drift from heaven to earth like Sha Ou. "if only my art might bring me fame" is an irony. Perhaps in the poet's heart, he thinks that there are still great political ambitions that have not been displayed.
[ Notes ](1) Danger: a tall mast. (2) Write: Famous.
[ translation] The breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the boat with a high mast is moored alone at night. The stars are hanging in the sky, and Ping Ye looks broad; Moonlight is surging with the waves, and the river is rolling eastward. Am I famous for my articles, and I should be retired because of my old age and illness? What is it like to wander around by yourself? Like a lonely Sha Ou between heaven and earth.
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In 765 AD, Du Fu left Chengdu Caotang with his family, took a boat to the east and drifted along the Minjiang River and the Yangtze River. This five-character poem was probably written when he was boating through Yuzhou and Zhongzhou.
The first half of the poem describes the scene of "traveling at night". Close-up: The breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the boat with high mast is moored alone on the moonlit night. At that time, Du Fu was forced to leave Chengdu. In the first month of this year, he resigned as our staff officer, and in April, his good friend Yanwu, who lived in Chengdu, died. In this lonely place, I decided to leave the east of Sichuan. Therefore, here is not a vague description of the scenery, but a feeling in the scenery, showing his situation and feelings through the description of the scenery: as small as grass on the river bank and as lonely as a boat in the river. The third and fourth sentences write a vision: the stars are low and Ping Ye is vast; The moon surges with the waves, and the river flows east. These two sentences are magnificent and broad, and have always been praised. What is the poet's feeling in these two sentences? Some people think that it is "open-minded and broad-minded" (Pu Qilong's Reading Du Xin Jie), and some people think that it is a feeling of "happiness" (see "Collection of Tang Poetry, Interpretation of Du Fu's Five Laws"). Obviously, this poem is about the poet's miserable situation of wandering in his later years, and the above two explanations only emphasize the literal meaning of the poem, which is hard to convince. In fact, the poet wrote about the vast Ping Ye, the mighty river and the splendid stars and moons, precisely to reflect his lonely image and his sad mood. This technique of writing sadness with pleasure is often used in classical works. For example, "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Caiwei", "I used to be gone, and the willows were reluctant", with the beautiful scenery of spring to set off the sadness of the soldiers who went to war, how touching it was!
the second half of the poem is "book bosom". The fifth and sixth sentences say that I have a little reputation. Where is it because my article is good? To be an official, you should retire because you are old and sick. This is ironic, and the idea is implicit. The poet is known for his lofty political ambitions, but he has been suppressed for a long time and can't display them, so his fame is actually due to his articles, which is really not his wish. Du Fu was really old and sick at this time, but his retirement was mainly due to being excluded, not being old and sick. This shows the injustice in the poet's heart, and reveals that political frustration is the fundamental reason for his drift and loneliness. Regarding the meaning of this couplet, Huang Sheng said it was "no blame, the language of caressing the bow and blaming itself" ("Du Shi Shuo"), and Qiu Zhaoao said it was "five belong to self-modesty, and six are self-explanation" ("Detailed Notes on Du Shaoling Collection"), which is probably not very appropriate. The last two sentences say, what does it look like to float all over? It's just like a Sha Ou in the vast world. The poet expressed his grief by taking the situation into consideration. The water and sky are vast, and Sha Ou is falling; People are like Sha Ou, moving to Jianghu. This couplet expresses emotion by borrowing scenery, which profoundly shows the poet's wandering sadness in his heart. It is really touching and touching.
Wang fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Although the scene is divided into the mind and the object, the scene gives birth to the emotion, and the emotion gives birth to the scene, ... hiding each other's houses." Scenes hide each other's houses, that is, they contain feelings in the scenery and feelings in the scenery. The former writes scenes that are suitable for expressing the poet's feelings, so that the feelings are hidden in the scenery; The latter is not writing in the abstract, but hiding scenery in writing. Du Fu's poem "a night abroad" is an example in classical poetry in which scenes live side by side and hide their houses from each other.