Depressed and frustrated style refers to Du Fu's poetry with profound thoughts, strong feelings and tragic voice, which is characterized by constancy, sadness, implication and repetition.
Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people have generally used depression and frustration to describe the style of Du Fu's poems. For example, Wang Shizhen Essentials Summary: "Fa and Du Fu are lingering, depressed and frustrated, and there is a difference between floating sound and cutting sound." He Qing Sun Yi's "Poetry Raft" says: "The rise and fall of Zi Mei's poems are all due to the rise and fall of Qu Song, which helped the wave of poetry and fu in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties."
The gloomy style is closely related to the poet's feelings, the profound meaning of poetry history and the mature realm shown by Du Fu's poems.
The poet's lofty spiritual realm makes him have profound thoughts on society and life, strong feelings and feelings of compassion, which are the reasons for his profound thoughts, strong feelings and tragic voice.
Writing history with poetry, expressing deep meaning and praise and criticism are the reasons why it has the characteristics of loyalty, lingering, implicative and reciprocating.
The ups and downs, lingyun's skillful writing style and free and prudent creative realm are the reasons for his strong feelings and implicit meanings.
Angie once summed up Du Fu's style after middle age with the words "deep grief and indignation, mature old waves", which actually revealed the relationship between Du Fu's depressed and frustrated style and his poetic feelings and mature creative realm.
Du Fu is a great poet, who has a profound understanding and experience of his own time and history, and expresses this understanding and experience in poetry. First of all, Du Fu's poems have profound thoughts on what he wrote. Just like the profundity mentioned when describing the characteristics of his poetic history, Du Fu's poems profoundly recorded the life history and spiritual history of that era. Secondly, with the attitude of "never stopping talking", he deliberately tempered his poems, always expressing his feelings to the extreme, penetrating into the bone marrow and giving people a deep impression. For example, "The wine in Zhumen stinks, and the bones freeze to death on the road" describes the extreme injustice of society, "The heart of Emperor Wudi is still beating for the war on the border of blood-spattered sea", the psychology of relatives separated in the war is described as "three months of bonfire after the war, and a letter from home is worth a ton of gold", and the disaster brought to mankind by the An Shi Rebellion is described as "crossing the battlefield at night and taking care of the bones in the cold month"
References:
[1] Zhang Anzu Du Fu's literary heritage of depression, 2004(3).
[2] Han Chengwu's academic research on New Interpretation of Depression, 2004( 10).
[3] Qiu's Detailed Notes on Du Fu's Poems. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1979: 2 173.