Ming Poetry is about Liu Xie's understanding of poetry. "Dashunyun: Poetry expresses ambition, and songs are never said. What Hume analyzed, the meaning is very clear. Is it heart-oriented, words are poetry, and prose is practical, here? Poet, praise also, praise people's temperament; Cover three hundred, without hesitation. It is a blessing to hold it as training. " It is not difficult to see that Liu Xie inherited the traditional Confucian poetic concept and expressed his will through poetry, which has the function of political education and can support correction. Liu Xie's poetics is developed on the basis of inheriting the Confucian tradition. For example, his "Sense of Things" said: "It is human nature that people have seven emotions, respond to things and have aspirations." The "emotion" here refers to joy, anger, sorrow, fear, love, evil and lust, which can flow in literary works. "Things" are external things that can touch the feelings of literati. Ambition needs to be combined with emotion to form poetry. Liu Xie's sense of things and singing ambition show a process from the occurrence to the completion of poetry creation. It also points out that poetry is the direction of ambition, and poetry creation cannot be separated from emotion and things. This view can be said to have a far-reaching impact on the creation of later literati. Liu Xie also attaches great importance to the temperament of the creative subject. For example, "however, poetry is constant, thinking is directionless, and it is rare to be round." Liu Xie believes that everyone's temperament is different, whether soft or hard, everyone's creative style is different, so few people are good at everything, so they should create according to their personality.
Liu Xie called the four-character poems in The Book of Songs "orthodox style" because he wanted to carry out his "Jing Zong" thought. There are countless descriptions of five-character poems in Ming poetry, so Liu Xie also attaches great importance to five-character poems. The reason why he values five-character poems is because they have the characteristics of beautiful style. "Jing Zong" records that "the body has six meanings: one is deep but not complicated, one is clear but not complicated, three are loyal but not born, four are righteous but not returned, five are loyal but not vulgar, and six are elegant but not lewd." The "breeze" here can be equated with the "beauty" of five-character poems. "Clear style" means that the artistic conception of poetry should be lively and handsome. The "clear style" of poetry is obtained by learning classics.
Liu Xie believes that the content of poetry should reflect the spirit of the times. He appreciated the poems and essays of Jian 'an period very much. Because the style of writing in Jian 'an period was "generous". But he abandoned the metaphysical poems of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. "Jiang Zuopian system, indulging in the mysterious wind, sneering at the ambition of favoritism and advocating the talk of forgetting the machine." When the social environment is extremely bad, scholars advocate empty talk and don't care about the world emotionally, so their works are empty in content and emotion. Such works can't impress rational people and are not worth reading and appreciating.
Generally speaking, Liu Xie's poetics inherited the tradition of Confucian poetics to a great extent, and he attached great importance to the political and religious functions of poetry. The final ode of Ming Poetry embodies Liu Xie's poetic thought. Poetry expresses emotions, enlightens people and is full of literary talent.
? References:
Zhen Fu Zhou: Modern Translation of Wen Xin Diao Long. Zhonghua Book Company.2015.