The first four sentences of this poem show the hunger and cold of the lower class, and the last four sentences show the waste of the upper class; The contrast between the two profoundly reflects the unreasonable phenomenon in feudal society. The whole poem uses contrast, which not only makes a clear general comparison between the upper part and the lower part, but also uses different special contrast techniques to express the upper and lower parts: the upper part uses "reasoning contrast" and the lower part uses "transformation contrast".
The first four sentences say: people who plow in the fields should have food and are full, but they are actually hungry; Women who throw weaving under the window should have clothes and warm clothes, but in fact they are freezing. Reason should be like this, but reality is just the opposite, and reason and reality form a strong contrast; This truth is not directly expressed. Only by writing out the conditions, reasoning by the readers, and then comparing with the actual situation, can it be called "reasoning comparison". This contrast will make readers sigh "outrageous" about unreasonable phenomena, convince people with reason and move people with emotion, which is quite artistic.
Reasoning and comparison have long been a tradition. "Huai Nan Zi said Xun Lin" said: "The butcher is rich in soup, the coachman goes, the Potter is short of pots, the craftsman is narrow and can't use it, and the user refuses to do it." This includes comparison of reasoning. This technique is widely used in poetry, such as Meng Jiao's Weaving Girl Poem, How to Weave Jiangsu and Anhui and Wear Blue Rope, and Du Xunhe's Silkworm Girl, "Silkworm tired every year, ramie wrapped around your ass", all of which show that users refuse to do it and may not be able to use it. Song's Silkworm Girl said, "I went to town yesterday and came back with tears. Luo Weigai is not a silkworm farmer. " This poem has always been very popular. The reason why it is so intriguing is that it adopts the reasoning and comparison method of convincing people with reason and emotional people. This method is often used to show the unreasonable phenomena in daily life. This method is used to show the unreasonable situation of food and clothing in Bitterness and Yin Shin.
The last four sentences say: I hope that all the beautiful women in Zhao Di, Yan Di will become ugly and virtuous Mo Mu; Then, their laughter, it is impossible to be so valuable, and there will be no extravagant smile. This is good for the country and the family, and everything will be fine. In ancient times, it is said that Yan and Zhao (in today's Hebei Province) gave birth to beautiful women. Here, beautiful women are rich in clothes and jade, and their smiles are precious, which typically shows the waste of upper-class life; The poet was very dissatisfied with this phenomenon, so he romantically put forward the idea that one day, the beauty produced by Yanzhao could be transformed into the concubine of the Yellow Emperor: the transformation of beauty and ugliness, the transformation of virtue, and a thousand dollars of laughter was worthless. By that time, the phenomenon that the rich are extravagant and the poor are well-fed may be expected to change. Poets gallop in imagination, changing from the realistic realm to the ideal realm. Clever use of the two realms and sharp contrast can be called "transformation contrast". The poet deliberately formed this transformation contrast through romantic imagination, so as to criticize the corruption of the upper class.
Transformation contrast is also a traditional contrast technique, and "vicissitudes" is a natural transformation contrast, which is usually used to explain the contrast between ancient and modern personnel transformation; Li Bai's "Climbing Nanjing to Phoenix Terrace" is a direct manifestation of the personnel transformation between ancient and modern times: "Flowers and plants in the Wu Palace" become "secluded paths" and "golden clothes" become "ancient hills", which is also a transformation contrast. This poem, through the imaginary transformation, constitutes a transformation contrast, and can also make the image expressed distinct and prominent in artistic effect, so that the feelings expressed are roundabout and strong, full of artistic appeal.