Source: Nine Chapters of Huai Sha by Qu Yuan in Pre-Qin Dynasty.
Original text:
Xia Meng Xi is everywhere here, with a wide vegetation coverage.
Sadness is always sadness, gurgling in the south.
It's embarrassing. Kong Jing is very humorous.
Stagnation is embarrassing, long bow is long.
Affection is effective, but grievances are self-suppressed.
We felt awkward, but we didn't change it.
It's easy to start from the west, and a gentleman is contemptuous.
Zhang's painting is full of pen and ink, but the previous picture has not changed.
The inside is thick and the quality is positive, which is praised by adults.
If you are smart, who is right?
Metaphysics is secluded, and it is said that there are no articles.
It's a little embarrassing to go out of the building, but it's unknown.
When you turn white, you think it is black, but when you go up, you think it is down.
When the phoenix emperor is in the sky, the chicken dances.
Like jade, but the same.
My husband is just party member, but I don't know what I'm hiding.
Let the burden flourish, but it will stagnate, which is not good.
Huai Jin admired it, but he didn't know what poverty meant.
City dogs bark strangely.
Valeriana is not handsome and suspicious, but solid and mediocre.
Many people don't know what the difference is.
I am a fool, but I don't know what I have.
Attach importance to benevolence and attack righteousness, and truly think that you are rich.
Zhong Hua can't be proud, but I know I am calm!
Ancient times were incompatible, and I don't know why!
Tang Yu is old and nobody admires her.
Punish and change your anger, restrain your heart and strengthen yourself.
Don't be divorced from the people, hope to have an image.
When you enter the road, you will feel embarrassed.
Relaxation, entertainment and sadness are limited to the truth.
Chaos said: Hunan is vast, and the diversion is gurgling.
The road is secluded and there is a long way to go.
I am always sad and always lament.
I know nothing about this world, and people's hearts can't be described by xi.
There is a blue heart, no horse.
Without Bole, there is no way to make progress.
People's lives are different.
If you are determined to have broad ambitions, why are you afraid?
I have been hurt and sad, and I will never sigh.
I don't know what the world is like, and people's hearts can't be described by xi.
Knowing that you can't let go of death, do you want to love?
Make it clear to Mr. Wang, and I will feel the same.
Translation:
The weather is sunny in early summer, and plants and trees are flourishing.
With deep sadness, I set foot on this southern land in a hurry.
In the sight of a vast, don't recognize the slightest sound.
My nine-curved ileum is wrapped in melancholy, and I am in trouble. I am so poor and distressed.
Caressing my feelings, reflecting on my initial ambition, I have to suppress my unspeakable grievances.
Founder has carved very smoothly, but the normal statutes have not changed.
If you change your original intention and take a different route, it will be despised by an upright gentleman.
Stick to the rules, stick to the rules.
With a full heart, a great man calls it good praise.
A skilled craftsman hasn't swung an axe yet. Who can see the truth and rules?
The black pattern was placed in a dark place, and the blind man said it had no heraldry.
Li closed his eyes and the blind man said he was blind.
If the white one is black, turn it upside down.
Phoenix is in a cage, but chickens and ducks are dancing and flying high.
Jade and stone are mixed together, and some people take measurements.
Those communist party member are so humble and stupid, how can they understand my kindness?
The responsibility is great and the burden is heavy, but it is stagnant and cannot be reused.
Although a wise man holds hands with Kim, how can he be presented to others when he is driven out of poverty?
All the dogs in the village are barking because they are rare and strange.
It is the nature of ordinary people to be critical and skeptical about you.
I have a simple way and a simple nature. Of course, they don't understand my talent.
Useful materials are thrown aside, and people's talents are buried.
I am virtuous, honest and honest to enrich myself.
Shun Di is dead and can't be reborn, so who will appreciate me?
Since ancient times, sages do not have to be at the same time. What is fate?
Yu Xia and Shang Tang are far apart, so they can't be near-re-embodiment.
Suppress resentment and seek your own strength.
I'm unlucky. As long as I don't change my mind, I will find the saint I yearn for.
Going back to the north to find a home, it is already faint and it will be dusk.
Just spit out my sadness, life has come to an end.
Ending:
The mighty Yuanshui River and Xiangjiang River are running every day.
The long journey is gloomy and secluded, and it is a distant and wild journey.
Constantly spit out sadness, sigh forever desolate.
Since there is no confidant in the world, who can discuss it?
I am sincere, but who can prove it for me?
Boleher is dead. Who commented on Maxima?
Everyone has a certain endowment, and everyone's life depends on it.
I will stand firm in my own interests, never fear death and live a greedy life.
Endless sadness makes people sigh deeply.
The world is overcast, no one knows me, people are unpredictable, and no one can listen to me.
Death is inevitable in life. I hope there is nothing in the world that I regret.
Please write this down, and I will always follow the example of my predecessors!
Precautions:
Glug (yù cú): Sprint.
Shùn: Just like "instant", watch.
It's frustrating and painful.
Mǐn: Suffer hardships. G: I am very poor.
υ (wá n) means υ (yuá n): cut a square into a circle. Cut: cut. Hey, it's the same as "circle".
Constant degree: normal law. Replace: waste also.
Yi Chu: Easy to use. Bendy: Change lanes.
Zhang: Say. Chi: I remember.
Name: A person's name. Legend has it that he was a skillful craftsman in the Yao Dynasty. Zhu: Split, split.
Meng Mao (méngǒu): Blind. Chapter: Cai Wen.
Li Lou: Legendary names are easy to read. See (dì): Microvision.
G incarnation: blind.
Nú: bamboo cage.
Emu: Duck.
Zang: Same as Zang. Refers to the ambition hidden in the chest.
Gold and Jade: Junmeiyu.
Wei Ji: Throw it away and pile it up.
You (è): Meet.
Miao: It's far away.
Major cause: death.
Gurgling: refers to the appearance of water flow or the sound of rapid water flow.
You: Dragon.
Hmm: It's the same as "Yin". The last four sentences are supplemented according to historical records.
Why, where. Cheng: the quantity is also.
Wrong: Same as Measures and Arrangement.
Zeng: The same as "increase". Yuán: Sorrow has no end.
Love: stingy.
Class: model, method.
Creative background:
The writing time of this poem can be located before Qu Yuan's death, and it is the poet's desperate words. Some scholars also believe that this poem is a poem about Qu Yuan's memory of Changsha in exile. It was written before he arrived in Changsha and after "Nine Chapters of Sorrow", which was a rehearsal of Qu Yuan's determination to commit suicide.
Appreciate:
It is generally believed that this poem was written before Qu Yuan's death, and it is the poet's desperate words. This poem describes the reason why the author can't see the time clearly, the present situation and the mood of going south, sighing and singing for his misfortune, hoping to shock people with his own physical death and inspire the monarch. The whole poem is short and powerful, with a sense of urgency and compulsion, reflecting the poet's actual feelings and mood, and integrating with the connotation of the poem in emotion and expression.
This poem begins with a description of the poet's mood when he travels south. Two poems that express his melancholy and sadness at once caught the readers' heartstrings: "Sorrow is always sorrow" and "stagnation is embarrassment", which shows that the poet's grief and indignation have reached an uncontrollable level when he went south in early summer. The objective environment has played an excellent role in setting off the emotions of the characters at this time-"embarrassment and humor". Only such "embarrassment", "invisibility", "silence" and "inaudible" can show the feeling of being isolated and unconscious.
If the poet's dying mood only stays at this sad level, then neither the poem itself nor the poet's image can arouse people's admiration and admiration. The poet is unique in that he not only appeals to personal misfortune and sadness, but is always associated with the realization of his own ideals and ambitions, hoping to finally shock people with his own physical death, inspire the monarch and arouse the spiritual awakening of the people and the monarch. Therefore, after the poem directly expressed his mind, the pen front naturally turned to the narrative of the reasons and current situation that he could not adapt to the needs at that time.
Followed by a series of figurative metaphors: or rational colors-"only one road is another road", "painting with ink" and "skillful but not clumsy"-to show moral integrity; Or popular and vivid-"Metaphysics is secluded, which means it's not a chapter", "Going out of the building is a little awkward, but I think it's ignorant", "Phoenix Emperor is in the clouds, chickens are dancing", "Jade is the same" and "Huai Jin shakes hands" all focus on one point, all of which are to express the author's innocence and loyalty, but they can't meet the needs at that time and arouse readers' resonance, understanding and emotion. It is with the above-mentioned series of emotional foreshadowing that the author has a solid foundation and premise to express his lament before he dies. At the end of the poem, "leisure and pleasure are limited to the truth", which will make people more sad and sad to read.
The last part of Essay can be said to be the expression of the poet's emotional climax. After describing the present situation, reasons, mood, etc., the poet sighed and sang, which is the summary and generalization of the whole poem and the concentrated expression of the poet's heart. There is no doubt that in the poet's view, sadness is sadness, and ideal is ideal. We must never give up the ideal we have pursued all our lives just because we are dying. Only by dying with your own body can you die for a lofty ideal, which is the most perfect and satisfactory ending. Although people will die, ideals will not die. Therefore, the poet finally sang: "I know I can't let you die, I want to love you." Tell sir clearly, I will consider it a class! "
This poem has a very distinctive feature in language, which seems to be different from other chapters in Nine Chapters (except Ode to an Orange): most of the sentences in the poem are short, pithy and forceful, and it is quite urgent to read. From the first sentence "Talking about Xi in Xia Meng" to the end of the article, there are almost four sentences (five words with the word "Xi"), which is obviously the careful design of the poet.
As a dying word, the handling of the poem completely conforms to the poet's actual mood, or in other words, it is because of the death of self-choice that he will have a sense of urgency and compulsion, and the use of short sentences reflects the poet's actual feelings and mentality at this moment, and also blends with the connotation of the poem in emotion and expression form, thus making readers have a strong * * * sound. The poet's superb artistic skills and ingenuity can be seen here.
About the author:
Qu Yuan (about 340-278 BC) was born in Zigui, Danyang, the State of Chu (now Yichang, Hubei), and was a poet and politician of the State of Chu during the Warring States Period. Slashed by nobles, he was exiled to Hanbei and Yuanxiang Valley. After the capital of Chu was breached by Qin Jun, it sank into the Miluo River and died for Chu. He is a great patriotic poet in the history of China, the founder of China's romantic literature, the founder and representative writer of The Songs of the South, and has created the tradition of "vanilla beauty" and is known as the "father of the Songs of the South". Song Yu, Le Tang and Jing Ke were all influenced by Qu Yuan. According to legend, Qu Yuan committed suicide by throwing himself into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, that is, the Dragon Boat Festival. Dragon Boat Festival was originally a festival for China people to get rid of diseases and prevent epidemics. Before the Spring and Autumn Period in Wuyue, there was a custom of holding tribal totem sacrifices in the form of dragon boat races on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. After the death of Qu Yuan, this day became a traditional festival in China to commemorate Qu Yuan.