Why is money called prodigal Yan Qing? Speaking of which, you must have heard of it. Qian, the word Muzhai, whose name is Meng CuO, is an old man. Scholars call him Mr. Yushan. He was a famous political and gentry group and one of the leaders of Lindong Party in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
After the downfall of the Hong Guang Dynasty in the Southern Ming Dynasty, he knelt down on his knees and actively ran around in his later years to organize the anti-Qing movement. Therefore, he was approved by Emperor Qianlong to enter the Biography of Two Ministers. His experience was typical in the late Ming Dynasty. This paper introduces Qian's The Dilemma of Life for readers.
First, the scholar has no backbone, and the two surnames are in a dilemma.
The stain of Qian's life is fixed at1May 6451May. On that day, it was raining heavily, and the Hong Guang dynasty in Nanming fell apart under the fighters of the Qing army. At that time, Qian and college students led officials to meet the Qing army in heavy rain outside Nanjing.
Therefore, Qian ordered the destruction of his books in the Biography of Two Ministers, which was circulated in the history of Qing Dynasty, and wrote a poem satirizing another day: "The second surname serves the king, and both advance and retreat are lost." In fact, in Qian's long life, he didn't spend too long in the political whirlpool.
Qian was the third scholar in the thirty-eighth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty, also known as Hua Tan. Until 1644 Ming Dynasty perished, about 35 years, Qian served as an official in the DPRK for only five or six years, but the highest position was assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites in the first year of Chongzhen, and he was immediately rejected in the party struggle and dismissed.
The fame of money comes from literature. He was one of the famous "Three Masters of Jiang Zuo" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties (the other two were Wu and Gong Dingzi). He created a new style of poetry in the Qing Dynasty with his position as a great man in the southeast literary world. He is also a historian, who wrote Dialectics of Records of Emperor Taizong and participated in the compilation of Records of Zongshen.
When Qian was a teenager, it was good. At the age of 16, he met Gu Xiancheng, the leader of Lindong Party at that time. As an adult, he became the first scholar in Southeast China and took part in the political struggle against the traitor Wei Zhongxian. He is regarded as one of the leaders of Lindong Party, so his resignation made the world look askance.
According to historical records, when Enemy at the Gates was in the Qing Dynasty, Liu, the side room of Qian, advised him to drown himself. Qian Qian B tried the water temperature with his foot and said, "Water cooling is also a helpless move." When the Qing army entered the city, it ordered the Han people to shave their heads and wear Manchu costumes. Everyone was very angry, but money suddenly said, "The scalp itches." So he went out. People thought he was going to comb his hair, but when he came back, he had shaved his head and dragged a big braid.
Once someone saw his special clothes and asked him why. He replied: "The collar is the style of the previous dynasty, which is loose and comfortable. Now the sleeves are narrow, which is more convenient." Once this statement spread, people laughed at him, and he was worthy of being "the first of the two dynasties."
A weak scholar, if his personality is not rigid and hard, will naturally pay a high price if he wants to avoid misfortune in troubled times. However, it is worth noting that at the time of the demise of the Ming Dynasty, officials did not swear to defend themselves to the death, but sacrificed themselves to the city, thus saving the people of the city. In fact, it has been generally affirmed in historical records.
This is still for the generals guarding the city, but for the literati like Qian, for Nanjing, which was impossible to stick to at that time, the theory of time was actually not harsh. Mr. Chen Yinque also said objectively: "The decline of grazing is a stain on his life. But this is also due to its natural cowardice and forced by the situation. It is very unreasonable to say that we must always be convinced. "
Second, it is too late to send poems and songs to the motherland and repent at the end of life.
After the demise of the Qing dynasty, Qian went north to serve as assistant minister of the Qing dynasty. Soon after, he returned to China after recovering from illness and wrote a book in his hometown Hongdu Villa in Changshu, Jiangsu. His poems are full of thoughts of the old country and vicissitudes of life. He still pretends to be a minister of national subjugation: "The holly tree is old, and the mourners are old and bald."
Qian's poetic style has changed several times, and his life has changed several times. In his later years, he was especially wise to Du Fu, especially his seven laws, which were gloomy, colorful, generous, strong and meaningful. He often wrote masterpieces, such as Twenty Miscellaneous Poems of West Lake, Thirty Miscellaneous Poems in Prison and Four Poems after Reading and Exhibition in Meicun Palace.
He also secretly contacted the anti-Qing righteous division, and successively contacted Qu Shizhen, a university student of Wang Gui regime in Nanming, his early students, Zheng Chenggong, Zhang Huangyan and others to help the anti-Qing rebels. Qian's various behaviors in his later years showed his complex feelings of shame and regret, and also showed the embarrassing situation of a generation of scholars who were in a dilemma when their country broke down and their families died.
Life is more humiliating. Qian lived for nearly 20 years after the demise of the Ming Dynasty, and suffered from the hardships of adherents. He was once jailed for being involved in the case of Huang Anti-Qing. In his later years, his home was stolen, his family was embarrassed, and his beloved books were burned by fire.
1664, Qian died at the age of 82. On his deathbed, he sighed, "Isn't it too late to die in the year of Yi You (1645, when the Qing army entered Nanjing)?" Cannot be loyal to the previous generation. He couldn't fall in love with the new dynasty, and his repeated crimes made future generations sigh.
Thirdly, I went my own way and married Liu, who was called "Yan Qing the prodigal son".
Speaking of money, we can't help talking about Liu. According to Mr. Chen Yinque's textual research, Liu Yuan's surname is Yang, and she was once the handmaid (or adopted daughter) of the famous prostitute Xu Fu. Later, she was Zhou Daodeng's maid in Wujiang, and Zhou was a college student during the apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty. Liu was banished from the world because he offended his family.
According to people's records, Liu is not only small and handsome, but also smart and beautiful. And "sexual vigilance, backup courage." He is famous for his poems, paintings, books and temperament. His paintings are known as "the Six Dynasties are gorgeous, and the class colors are affectionate", and the painters are skilled, simple and beautiful.
Liu left the Zhou family at the age of 16, made friends with scholars, and soon fell in love with famous talents. About ten years older than Liu, born in a noble family. At that time, he was already a juren. Due to the failure to give Liu a name and the obstruction of his family, the love story between this talented person and a beautiful woman did not have a good ending.
Qian learned Liu's good name from friends and friends, saw her poems, and praised her sentence "Peach blossoms are everywhere". In the winter of the thirteenth year of Chongzhen, Liu disguised herself as a man and went to Changshu to visit Qian. Qian was overjoyed and fell in love with Liu at first sight.
Then a "I smell room" was built for her, which took the meaning of "so I smell" in Buddhist scriptures and implied her name. The following year 164 1, 59-year-old Qian married 23-year-old Liu according to the etiquette of first marriage. At that time, the scholar-officials were in an uproar, thinking that Qian's move was "insulting the famous imperial vessels and hurting the scholar-officials system", so that he threw a lot of rubble and stones on the boat to welcome the bride.
However, Qian was able to shrug off a smile, saying that the second room of Wei Liu was nicknamed "Hedong Jun". Therefore, he is compared to "Yan Qing the prodigal son" in Lindong party member, and is regarded as "the most romantic leader" by contemporary people. Two people or travel, or talk about literature and art, poetry, set for "Dongshan Appreciation Collection".
There is also an anecdote between them. When Qian went north to be an official, Liu lived alone in Nanjing and had an affair with others. Qian's son wants to take Liu to the government and punish him severely. When Qian heard about it, he reprimanded his son and said, "How many literati can't preserve their honor when the country is ruined? Why do they criticize a woman? "
In the fourth year of Shunzhi, Qian was arrested and imprisoned for Huang's anti-Qing case. Liu went around asking for help and rescued Qian. They have been together for more than 20 years. One month after Qian's death, Wei Liu was forced by Qian's surname, robbed of his property and had to commit suicide.