1, literary
The literariness of formalism refers to what makes a work become a literary work, which generally exists in the artistic form and formal structure of literature, mainly referring to language, tone, skill, structure, layout and procedure. Formalism mainly uses linguistic and rhetorical terms to analyze the literary characteristics of literary works.
Second, defamiliarization.
Formalism holds that literariness mainly comes from language forms, and only unfamiliar languages have literariness. Defamiliarization, also translated as defamiliarization, is a language with aesthetic characteristics, which makes people feel amazing, fresh and unfamiliar. Dance is the strangeness of walking. You have your copper branches and iron stems, like a knife, like a sword, and like a halberd; I have my red flowers, like a heavy sigh and like a heroic torch', which is the image description of oak trees and kapok trees in the poem.
Oak represents the strength of men and has sacred significance. The Golden Branch by English writer Fraser is a serious scientific work about primitive beliefs and witchcraft activities. The golden branch is due to an ancient local custom: the priest of the temple is called the "king of the forest", but he can be served by an escaped slave. However, any other fugitive slave who can break the branches of a tree he guards day and night is qualified to duel with him and kill him instead. And this tree is an oak tree, which symbolizes the strength of men and reflects a patriarchal society.
Kapok, also known as hero flower, is a deciduous tree growing in tropical and subtropical areas, with a height of 65,438+00-20 feet. It is said that in Wuzhishan, Hainan, there was a hero named Jibei, who led the Li people to fight against foreign enemies many times and won the people's love. Later, because of the traitor's betrayal, he was besieged by the enemy on the mountain, and he was still standing on the top of the mountain with several arrows in his body, and his body became a kapok tree. In order to show their nostalgia and reverence for national heroes, Li people carefully prepare a kapok tree every day when men and women get married.
Kapok is endowed with a tall image, but unlike oak trees, it is warm and bright, and it is a symbol of a strong woman. Shu Ting put the oak tree and kapok together. They were born in the same direction, pointing to the sky, rooted in the earth and loving the sky. No one is vulnerable. They are all independent individuals. Kapok is no longer a delicate and shy female image, but a little more heroic. The defamiliarization of this literary language has left a surprising and profound impression on readers.
Third, the complex meaning.
The new criticism holds that ambiguity can be translated into ambiguity, vagueness and obscurity. , originally refers to the compound meaning formed by the polysemy of language. In other words, polysemy can make the same sentence or the same word cause different reactions in a certain context, resulting in semantic differences. Poetic language explains this well.
Fourth, nervous.
Twitter, a new critical theorist, once said that the meaning of poetry refers to his tension, that is, the organic whole of all our connotations and extensions in poetics. He emphasized the complexity, diversity and sense of change of the semantic structure of poetry.
The love between oak and kapok is not only limited to' life and death, life and death depend on each other', but also a brand-new concept of love. In love, both sides are equal, without any attachment. They have their own ideas, but they live together. That should be the beautiful appearance of love. Facing the materialistic society, girls should learn to be kapok, strong, brave and independent.