Li Guan is a scholar, the master book of the country, the emblem of the exhibition hall to be produced soon, and the promotion of Sheng Da Palace (the organization that manages music). Poetry and prose are omnipotent. But hidden under the name of the word, many poems are scattered but not passed on. Among them, "Biandu Fu" is a famous book, which is 7000 words long and has been passed down to this day. The ancient poems "Heaven-sent White" and "Passing the Left Tomb" are awe-inspiring and have no fragrance. Zhou Bangyan was recognized as a poet with negative pronouns in Song Dynasty, which had great influence. Most of the great words describe the love between men and women, reminisce about the past and set foot on travel clothes, with narrow content and low realm. However, they are famous for their artistic creativity, and their words are good at narration, that is, they infiltrate narration into the lyricism of scenery, create another realm, form a tortuous cycle, and develop the slow words of Liu Yong and Zhang Xian. In addition, beautiful language and allusions form a rich, elegant and meticulous artistic style. Famous works such as Youth Journey are like water. A few sentences of 565,438+0, not only write stories to reproduce the realm at that time, but also write dialogues, such as meeting the people in the words, smelling their words and vividly describing the characters' personality and mentality, which is really original between the lines. Another article [Youth Travel], "Scattering Light Silk in Clouds", is better written. A poem wrote two stories, only connected by a sentence "Today is a beautiful day, a beautiful house". It compares the reminiscences of love in Two Realms of Life and A Beautiful House with those in Shanghai Beach and Down the Beach, and feels the same sentiment in the two stories: gathering is more meaningful than missing. Another example is the long tune "Flower Offender" and "Low Powder Wall", which pays great attention to care, tidy up and open and close. After Qin Lou, the time, place, characters and feelings have changed several times, which constitutes the context of the emotional development of all events and characters; [Warrior Lan Ling] Willow combines feelings of parting, thoughts of going, residents and travelers, old hatred and new sorrow, people and things, feelings and circumstances. Bangyan's ci is rigorous in rhythm, exquisite in style and innovative in style. Therefore, he is regarded as the master of graceful and restrained school and the founder of metrical school, and initiated the metrical school of Jiang Kui and Wu Wenying in the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhou Bangyan's poetry collection includes three poems: Yang Zemin, Fang and Chen. Today, there are 10 volumes of Pian Yu Ci and Qiang Yi series. In addition, there are two volumes of * * * set, one set of foreign characters 1 volume, and four printed Zhai lettering books.
Anecdotal allusion Zhou Bangyan was a famous handsome poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, who had close contact with Li Shishi, the brothel owner at that time.
On one occasion, Song Huizong was slightly ill, and Li Shishi thought that he would not come, so he quietly made an appointment with Zhou Bangyan. Shortly after Zhou Bangyan arrived, Song Huizong also came. The feeling be nasty under, Zhou Bangyan hurriedly got under the bed and hid.
Song Huizong specially brought fresh oranges from Jiangnan to Li Shishi, and Li Shishi peeled them and shared them with others. At midnight, Song Huizong was going back to the palace, and Li Shishi also told him, "It's already midnight, and the horse is slippery and frosty, so you should be careful." All this was seen and heard by Zhou Bangyan who was hiding under the bed.
After Song Huizong left, Zhou Bangyan appeared, and on impulse, he wrote what he heard as "a journey of youth, weaving like water":
Knife is like water, the house is better than snow, and the fingers break the new orange. At the beginning of the brocade, the smoke of animals is constant and the sound is relatively adjusted.
Ask in a low voice: Who are you with? It is already midnight in the city. The horse is slippery and frozen, so it's better to have a rest and walk less.
This word compares his feelings of seeking love with Li Shishi to dew, which makes my heart ached. When the snow fell on the city gate, he hated that he could "win" Hui Zong. Looking at Li Shishi's slender fingers peeling orange peel, he has nothing to face the cruelty of reality. He just wants to be able to seek a temporary "initial temperature" under the teacher's "brocade", and he is deeply touched. He sat opposite and listened to the teacher playing the piano and strings. Quietly ask: where do you live at night? Quoting Li Shishi's words to Hui Zong, "It's midnight in the city, and the horse is slippery in first frost", it also means that Li Shishi's original intention is to send Hui Zong back, so it's an excellent opportunity to meet after "taking a break" in Hui Zong. Praise the teacher's wit. Li Shishi loves it and takes it. At daybreak, Zhou Bangyan went home alone. There is also a saying that the translation in "Youth Swims Like Water" is: The road is slippery in first frost, few people walk, don't walk. This is to keep Hui Zong "closed". )
Who knows that once, Li Shishi sang the word "Youth Journey" in front of Hui Zong with Song Huizong and after making love. Hearing this, Song Huizong knew that what happened in Li Shishi's house that day had been known. He asked Li Shishi who wrote the lyrics. Li Shishi can't hide, Zhou Bangyan. So, the next day, Song Huizong ordered Zhou Bangyan to be expelled from Beijing.
When Song Huizong went to Li Shishi's house again, Li Shishi was not there. After a while, Li Shishi came back, but his eyes were red and he was obviously crying. Song Huizong asked her where she went, and Li Shishi said she gave it away. Song Huizong immediately asked her if she had sent Zhou Bangyan. Li Shishi nodded. Song Huizong asked, "Did he write anything?" Li Shishi said that he wrote a song "Warrior Lanling Willow". Song Huizong let her sing, Li Shishi sings:
Liu Yin is straight and smoky. On the Sui Dyke, I have seen it several times, and the water fluttered and the cotton was sent away. Visit the old country. Who knows, jinghua is tired? Go to Changting Road every year, and cross thousands of feet flexibly.
Wandering around looking for ancient traces. The wine left the table when the funeral music and lights shone. Pear blossom and elm fire urge cold food. Worry about an arrow, the wind is fast, and half a wave is warm. I can count posts as soon as I turn around, hoping that people are at the ends of the earth.
The accumulation of sadness and hatred. Gradually leaving pu haunts, Tianjin is silent. Sunset, Ran Ran, endless spring. Read the moon and join hands, and smell the flute on the bridge. Meditation on the past is like a dream with dark tears.
Literary achievement style
Zhou Bangyan is a master of graceful words, inheriting predecessors, absorbing, refining and developing, and making contributions to the development of graceful words. "The graceful writers of the Northern Song Dynasty who came out last week learned from others' strengths and epitomized them" (Preface to Tang Guizhang Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang and Song Ci). Zhou Bangyan initiated the metrical style of arranging words, which made graceful and restrained words reach the peak in art. Although Zhou Bangyan had an early rush, his official career was always on the rise, and he gradually became a magistrate until he became a "music official" in Shengdafu, which was established in Song Huizong, where he was loved and respected and lived a comfortable life of "professional creation". Although he was born at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the tragic change of national collapse happened behind him. As a graceful ci poet, the content of his ci has been renovated to the extreme by Su Shi, and it is bound to make a surprise attack on artistic skills. He is a master of music and has been engaged in "professional creation", so he can scrutinize, study and refine the words, do a lot of accurate sorting work in the revision of intonation, expand the field of music, and have many new innovations in lyrics skills. He was able to compose his own music and created new epigrams such as Six Ugliness. In a word, he inherited the achievements of Liu Yong, Qin Guan and others, created the school of metrical ci, and made contributions to the artistic form of ci. Zhou Bangyan's ci is really superior in artistic skills. The past, present and future scenes are intertwined, with varied techniques but both before and after, compact and euphemistic structure. The melancholy in Zhou Bangyan's poems gives the soul a subtle pleasure by writing beautiful melancholy. The sadness revealed in these works, through arrangement and combination, combined with elegant words, forms a flowing light sadness, which is never excessive, just like low-alcohol wine, which makes people slightly drunk, but not exciting. This kind of love is like rain and sticky ground. Although it is a wonderful skill, it is an obstacle to raising thoughts and feelings to a higher level. Therefore, it is inevitable that the world will only see its beautiful rules and regulations, and talk less about its ideological content-probably, his clearing up his worries is just a means on which his exquisite form depends!
Zhou Bangyan's famous phrase "The water is clear and round, and the wind and the lotus rise one by one" vividly illustrates his own poetic style-a kind of "clear and round" meaning of cherishing lotus flowers and standing in a small station. However, he lived in the late Northern Song Dynasty, and his national strength was weak. Superior fatuous, subordinate struggling, outsiders insurrection: Zhou Bangyan died a year ago, Fang La uprising; Six years after his death, Song Huizong was captured and the Northern Song Dynasty perished. It can be said that Zhou Bangyan, who has been a great official for a long time, is a witness to the decline of the country, while the poet who should be very sensitive is immersed in the leisure of Qingyuan in the last days.
Artistic contribution
The content of Zhou Bangyan's Ci is nothing more than traditional themes such as love between men and women, hate of parting, sadness of life, etc., and the social life reflected is not broad enough. His achievements mainly lie in eclecticism, learning from others' strengths and abandoning their disadvantages, and gradually leading the creation of Ci to a rich and accurate road. In his ci, there are both the beauty of literature and the elegance of Wei Zhuang, some are lingering, some are deep and graceful, Yan Shu is subtle, and Ouyang Xiu is elegant. As for Liu Yong's dense narration, even his lewdness and elegance, and Su Shi's magnanimity, we can have a glimpse. At the same time, he also tries to avoid some shortcomings of graceful words and bold words. Therefore, Zhou Bangyan's Ci won the admiration of later generations and had a wide influence.
Promote the further standardization and accuracy of the rhythm pattern of words. The Ci style represented by Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty, while vigorously expanding the field of expression of Ci, often became a "person who can't be bound in the song", showing the trend that Ci gradually separated from the written work of music. Zhou Bangyan, on the other hand, attached great importance to the coordination between words and music, and further standardized and refined the melody pattern of words. It should be said that both directions have their own achievements. When Zhou Bangyan was in the government, he collected and sorted out more than 80 kinds of popular ci tunes in the previous generation according to his knowledge of melody and the experience of folk musicians. He thought that the four tones and intonation of each word in each ci tune could not be confused, and he created Six Ugliness, Trivia, Flower Offender and so on. Of course, the meter of his words is very strict, such as the double trailer of "Around the Buddha Pavilion, the dark dust is gathered four times": the dark dust is gathered four times, and the building view is far away, reflecting the lonely hall. I'm tired of the short leak clearance and the long book signing curtain. Osmanthus fragrans is full of flowers and grass, preferring remoteness. Flowers bloom beautifully, overlooking the Yindu River in the city. In the word "convergence", the word "convergence" runs through, the word "swing", "move" and "out" go up, so that each word has four tones, which makes it read harmoniously and tactfully, and there is no place where the pronunciation is not smooth and seems awkward. The word itself is full of musical beauty and can perfectly cooperate with music. So all the nobles, scribes, musicians and singers at that time loved to sing Zhou Bangyan's ci.
Secondly, Zhou Bangyan's ci is very particular about "composition", that is, since Liu Yong, the number of people making long tunes has increased. However, this kind of word is long and the layout is very painstaking. When many people write a long tune, they either fill some seaweed in the middle, or tighten it before loosening it, or perfunctory it for a good word or two. In this respect, Liu Yong's strength lies in his methodical narration, Su Shi's strength lies in his unrestrained mood, and Zhou Bangyan is more disciplined than them, and he can write a word with ease and twists and turns. For example, the word "Warrior Lan Ling Liu" is full of twists and turns, and its rhyme and meter are extremely complicated. Zhou Bangyan, on the other hand, writes very carefully, so he is especially loved by musicians. According to Mao Kai's "Yinqiao Record", it was still "popular" until the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and "the south of the West Building was full of songs, which was called" Three Stacks of the Acropolis ". Its content is only to write farewell to guests, express fatigue and farewell feelings, and the hierarchical arrangement is very clever. The first section evokes memories from the immediate scene, then turns back to itself, points out the theme of farewell, then turns back to the past of repeatedly folding willows to bid farewell to Fujian, and writes about the boredom of staying in Beijing between opening and closing changes; In the second season, I began to write, recalling the old tour, quickly linking the word "you" with the farewell scene last night, lamenting that my old friend was missing one, and then using imagination to write the scene where my friend left and was opposite in the distance; The third section begins with two short sentences, which burst into sorrow in the fast pace, then slows down, depicting the scene that I still can't bear to leave after leaving the ship, then begins to recall the warm friendship, and finally ends with the reality of "tears streaming down my face". This kind of repetition and layer-by-layer rendering, just like China's classical garden art, is full of twists and turns, avoiding the problem of taking in everything in a glance. In Zhou Ci, such as "Rui Long Yin Zhang Tai Lu", "Six Ugly Roses" and many other long-tune words generally have such characteristics.
Furthermore, Zhou Bangyan's ci attaches great importance to the tempering of language, making it both natural and delicate, which is manifested in several aspects:
First, he is good at using allusions and predecessors' words and phrases, and can be integrated into the whole article, leaving no trace. Therefore, Zhang Yan said in etymology that he was "good at blending poetry" and "it is his specialty to take Tang poetry and blend it as his own". There are many such examples, even in Xihe Jinling Nostalgia, there are Liu Yuxi's Stone Town, Wuyi Lane and Stone Town Music written by ancient Yuefu, but they are also complete, and there is nothing that makes people feel abrupt and unnatural.
Second, while he is good at using elegant language, he is also good at using simple spoken language and folk slang, such as Wan Li Spring:
Colorful and starry weather. Because of his pity and all kinds of fragrance, it is hard not to get drunk.
I love you as much as I love you, in my heart, in my heart. I will look at each other, but I will be old and happy.
The most rare thing is that Zhou Bangyan can turn elegance into vulgarity and vulgarity into elegance, so that the two can be integrated in one sentence, so as not to stand out from the crowd and be an eyesore.
Third, his observation of things is very delicate, and his choice of images is very particular, so his language is very expressive, such as "Su Liao Chen Xiang":
Burn agarwood to relieve summer heat. Birds call clear, intrude into the eaves. The leaves of Chuyang withered all night, the water was clear and round, and the wind and lotus rose one by one.
Zhou Bangyan's poems burn agarwood to cool off the heat. Birds call clear, intrude into the eaves. The leaves of Chuyang withered all night, and the water was clear, and the wind and lotus were one by one. My hometown is far away. When will I go? I live in Wumen and have been traveling in Chang 'an for a long time. May the fishermen remember each other. Boat, dream into furongpu. -Song Dynasty Zhou Bangyan's "Su Mu is Liao Aquilaria" Su Mu is Liao Aquilaria.
Burn agarwood to relieve summer heat. Birds call clear, intrude into the eaves. The leaves of Chuyang withered all night, and the water was clear, and the wind and lotus were one by one.
My hometown is far away. When will I go? I live in Wumen and have been traveling in Chang 'an for a long time. May the fishermen remember each other. Boat, dream into furongpu. There are 300 Song Ci poems, ancient high school poems, graceful and restrained, lotus flowers homesick and straight willows, and beautiful smoke. On the Sui Dyke, I have seen it several times, and the water fluttered to bid farewell. Who knows how tired Beijing guests are when they visit their old country? Changting Road, which came last year, should be flexible across thousands of feet. Looking for old traces, drinking and mourning strings, leaving a watch and light. Pear blossom and elm fire urge cold food. Worry about an arrow, the wind is fast, and half a wave is warm. I can count posts as soon as I turn around, hoping that people are at the ends of the earth. Mourning, hate accumulation! Farewell to Pu is lingering, Tianjin is silent, and the sunset in Ran Ran is endless in spring. Read the moon and join hands, and smell the flute on the bridge. Meditation on the past is like a dream with dark tears. -Song Dynasty Zhou Bangyan's "Xia Lan Ling Liu" Xia Lan Ling Liu
Song Dynasty: Zhou Bangyan
Liu Yin is straight and smoky. On the Sui Dyke, I have seen it several times, and the water fluttered to bid farewell. Who knows how tired Beijing guests are when they visit their old country? Changting Road, which came last year, should be flexible across thousands of feet.
Looking for old traces, drinking and mourning strings, leaving a watch and light. Pear blossom and elm fire urge cold food. Worry about an arrow, the wind is fast, and half a wave is warm. I can count posts as soon as I turn around, hoping that people are at the ends of the earth.
Mourning, hate accumulation! Farewell to Pu is lingering, Tianjin is silent, and the sunset in Ran Ran is endless in spring. Read the moon and join hands, and smell the flute on the bridge. Meditation on the past is like a dream with dark tears. ▲ There are 300 Song Ci poems, which are carefully selected and elegant. The Lancet is like water, the house is better than snow, and the hand breaks the new orange. At the beginning of the brocade, the smoke of animals is constant and the sound is relatively adjusted. Ask in a low voice who will stay. It's midnight in the city. The horse is slippery and frozen, so it's better to have a rest and walk less. -Song Dynasty Zhou Bangyan's "Youth Tour, Knife Like Water" Youth Tour, Knife Like Water
The sword is like water, the house is better than snow, and the hand breaks the new orange. At the beginning of the brocade, the smoke of animals is constant and the sound is relatively adjusted.
Ask in a low voice who will stay. It's midnight in the city. The horse is slippery and frozen, so it's better to have a rest and walk less. There are 300 Song Ci poems, and graceful writers can read more poems by Zhou Bangyan >>