Answering Skills of Appreciation of Ancient Poetry in Senior High School
(A) the general method of grasping the ideological content (what to write and what feelings to express)
1. View the title and search for information.
The title is the eye of the article, and some poetry titles tell a lot of information. For example, Yang Wanli's "Seeing Lin Zifang at Dawn in Jingci Temple" explained the content (farewell), time and object; Zhang Ji's "Qiu Si" is named after the emotional tone; The title of Jia Dao's Li Ning's Seclusion hints at the content. Quiet: deep, secluded and hidden. These can help candidates answer questions.
2, see the author, know the world.
Most college entrance examinations choose masterpieces. These writers have their own unique life experiences and unique work styles, either bold or depressed, or sad or sad. Knowing this man and his style will make it much easier to understand his works. When reading Su Shi's River of No Return, we naturally have to understand his "uninhibited words" and Li Qingzhao's "Like a dream, it was stormy last night". Naturally, we won't say that it is "straightforward" because the author belongs to the graceful school, which is characterized by twists and turns, tactfulness, implication, exquisiteness and sadness.
3, local products, focus on.
College entrance examination questions often start with key words (poetic eyes), which is actually a breakthrough in reading poetry. As mentioned above, I will not repeat it here.
4, reading notes, breakthrough-solving problems
In order to reduce the difficulty of college entrance examination papers, proposers often consciously add some comments to poems. On the one hand, it explains the difficulties in the text, on the other hand, it makes necessary explanations on the historical environment involved in poetry. Students must pay enough attention to these contents when doing exercises, because this is often the key to grasp the thoughts and feelings of poetry.
5, grasp the whole, comprehensive reference
First, grasp the full-text image emotion (discussed earlier). Second, grasp the last sentence. On the basis of the above narration and scenery description, it is a major feature of China's poetry to finally make lyrical comments and make the finishing point. The last sentence (couplets) usually plays a role in expressing emotions, such as Jia Sheng in Li Shangyin's works: "The propaganda room asks for sages to visit ministers, and Jia Sheng's tone is even more incoherent. Poor midnight is unprecedented, and Mo Wen people ask ghosts and gods. " The last couplet clearly shows the author's sympathy for Jia Sheng and satire on Emperor Xiaowen. Third, grasping the supplementary notes and explanations after the poem and in the stem can often help us understand its writing background, writing purpose and the meaning of some words.
General methods of appreciating the expressive skills of poetry (how to write)
First, understand the role of commonly used rhetorical methods.
1, metaphor: turn plain into vivid; Turn abstruse into simple; Turn abstract into concrete; Turn verbosity into conciseness.
2, metonymy: simple instead of complex; Replace the virtual with the real; Replace ordinary with odd numbers; Exchange things for feelings.
3. Analogy: bright colors; Depicting the image; Rich in meaning.
4. Exaggeration: reveal the essence and inspire people; Set off the atmosphere and enhance the appeal; Enhance association and create an atmosphere.
5. Duality: easy to memorize and remember; Used in poetry, with musical beauty; Concise ideographic and lyrical.
6. parallelism: the content is concentrated and the momentum is enhanced; The narrative is thorough and detailed; The rhythm is distinct and longer than lyricism.
7. Ask questions: attract attention and inspire thinking.
8. rhetorical question: strengthen the tone.
Second, master general expression skills.
Direct lyric (direct expression of ideas)
(1) Lyricism is to express emotion through scenery and melt feelings into scenery.
Indirect lyric expression of ambition
Thinking about the past and the present is a matter of feeling.
Fu, Bi and Xing (creative method)
(2) Description, lyric and narrative (performance)
Set-off, contrast, combination of reality and reality (conception skills)
(3) Master the answering specifications of various questions.
Appreciate image types
The answer mode of this kind of question is:
The first step is to find the relevant sentences described in the poem and accurately understand the basic meaning of the image.
The second step is to summarize the characteristics of the image with refined words.
The third step, combined with the theme of the article, points out the role or effect of portraying images.
Appreciate the artistic conception type
The answer mode of this kind of question is:
The first step is to grasp the main scenery in the poem, associate and imagine it on the basis of being faithful to the original poem, and describe the picture displayed in the poem in your own language.
The second step is to use one or two professional terms (disyllabic words) to summarize the characteristics of the situational atmosphere created by these scenes, either lonely and cold, or quiet and beautiful, or magnificent and spectacular, or bleak and desolate ... Note that distance can accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery.
The third step is to analyze the author's thoughts and feelings according to the characteristics of artistic atmosphere.
Appreciation of exquisite fonts
The answer mode is:
The first step is to express your views first.
The second step is to accurately express the exact meaning of the words in the poem in one or two sentences.
The third step is to analyze the scene described by this word in combination with the relevant contents of the poem.
The fourth step is to expand association and imagination appropriately and talk about how this word creates artistic conception or expresses feelings.
Appreciate the poetic eye shape
The answer mode is:
The first step is to point out the role of this word in expressing the main idea.
The second step is to combine the function of words in expressing the main idea.
The third step is to point out the function of words in the structure.
Appreciate language style
The answer mode is:
The first step is to accurately point out the language features with one or two appreciation terms, such as fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous, easy to understand, euphemistic and implicit, bold and unrestrained, concise and vivid, etc.
The second step is to analyze how this feature is embodied in combination with related poems.
The third step is to point out how the author's feelings are expressed.
Appreciation and expression skill types
The answer mode is:
The first step is to accurately point out what expressive techniques or techniques are used in the poem.
The second step is to talk about the content of this technique or skill in combination with poetry.
The third step is to analyze the reasons why the author chose this technique or skill.
The fourth step, this technique shows the poet's feelings and themes.
Understand the meaning types of poetry
The answer mode is:
The first step is to clarify the superficial meaning of this poem and explore its deep meaning.
The second step is to point out the descriptive function of this poem or what kind of feelings and themes it expresses.
Types of evaluation opinions and attitudes
The answer mode is:
The first step is to clarify your point of view.
The second step, combined with the analysis of the poem, is to find the place that can support my own point of view in the original poem and explain the reasons.
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