Biography of Guo Moruo Guo Moruo (1892-1978), poet, playwright, historian, and paleographer. His original name was Kaizhen, his pen names were Guo Dingtang, Mike Ang, etc., and he was from Leshan, Sichuan. In 1914, he studied in Japan and studied medicine at Kyushu Imperial University. In 1918, he began to write new poems and engage in literary activities. In 1921, he published the collection of poems "The Goddess", which created a "generation of poetry style" with a strong revolutionary spirit, romantic artistic style and bold free verse. In the summer of the same year, he founded the Creation Society with Cheng Fangwu, Yu Dafu and others. After graduating from university in 1923, he gave up medicine and returned to Shanghai, where he edited "Creation Weekly" and other publications. In 1924, he gained a more systematic understanding of Marxism through the translation of Hajime Kawakami's "Social Organization and Social Revolution." In 1926, he served as dean of liberal arts at Guangdong University (later renamed Sun Yat-sen University). In July, he participated in the Northern Expedition with the army, and then participated in the Nanchang Uprising. Starting from 1928, Guo Moruo lived in exile in Japan for ten years. During this period, he studied ancient Chinese history and paleography, and wrote works such as "Study on Ancient Chinese Society" and "Study on Oracle Bone Inscriptions". He made outstanding achievements and opened up a new world of historical research. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Guo Moruo left his wife behind and returned to the motherland alone to organize the "National Salvation Daily" and served as the director of the Third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the National Government and the director of the Cultural Work Committee, responsible for the cultural propaganda work related to the Anti-Japanese War. During this period, he wrote six historical dramas that fully displayed the characteristics of romanticism, including "The Flower of Tangdi" and "Qu Yuan". In August 1949, he was elected chairman of the first All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as Vice Premier of the Government Affairs Council, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, President of the University of Science and Technology of China, Director of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the First to Fifth National People's Congress, and Vice Chairman of the Second and Third Standing Committees of the National People's Congress. , Vice Chairman of the 5th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Chairman of the 2nd and 3rd National Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Chairman of the Chinese People's Committee for Defense of World Peace, Honorary President of the China-Japan Friendship Association, etc. He mainly focuses on the organization and leadership of political and social activities and culture as well as world peace. , foreign friendship and exchanges and other undertakings. The Anti-Japanese War period was undoubtedly a very glorious period in Guo Moruo's life. Not only did he achieve fruitful results in academic research and literary creation, but as a leading figure in the Anti-Japanese War culture, he walked calmly on the road of both literature and politics. It should be said that it was the two-way choice of the times and individuals that determined the life path Guo Moruo took during and after the Anti-Japanese War. The Anti-Japanese War was an era that needed heroes, and it was also an era that created heroes. This is how history chose Guo Moruo. In other words, the times provided Guo Moruo with such a trendy opportunity, allowing him to fully display his talent and dominate the field of anti-Japanese war culture. From a personal perspective, it is not impossible for Guo Moruo to choose other ways of living, such as continuing to be a scholar who focuses on historical research. When he first returned to China, Shen Yinmo's advice to him was to study. Chiang Kai-shek also had such a suggestion when he met him in Nanjing. Or focus on literary creation and become a so-called "pure scholar" regardless of politics. But first he accepted the choice of the times and accepted a political challenge to assume the social role of a cultural leader. Of course, Guo Moruo's personal choice was not a decision made in a single thought. Returning to the historical scene of the Anti-Japanese War, the historical choice made by Guo Moruo was both a cultural choice and a political choice, and it was first of all a political choice. The experience of Zhou Zuoren, who was as famous as Guo Moruo in the cultural circles at that time, is a very thought-provoking and sharp contrast. When Guo Moruo broke through many obstacles, returned to China alone from Japan, and joined the tide of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhou Zuoren stayed in Peiping after the fall. Guo Moruo also wrote an article "Huaizhitang in the Sound of National Disaster", hoping that he would fly back to the south. At first, Zhou Zuoren seemed to want to sit in his study behind closed doors and not care about worldly affairs, but he eventually became a traitorous scholar. The two cultural celebrities came to different destinations on the same journey. The ups and downs here are now clear.