1949 after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China entered the stage of "socialist revolution", and a new literary form was bound to appear.
By the late 1950s, the use of "new literature" was greatly reduced, and there was a trend of replacing it with "modern literature". The understanding that "contemporary literature" was "socialist literature" continued in the writing of several contemporary literary histories before the 1980s.
After the reform and opening up, the diversity of contemporary literature makes all kinds of contemporary literary works colorful.
The May 4th cultural tradition characterized by enlightenment is an intellectual movement with a unified value orientation, and the practice of the May 4th new literature movement represented by Lu Xun is recognized as the mainstream of the new literature tradition.
In fact, the development of China's literary history has formed two traditions: the enlightenment cultural tradition of the May 4th New Literature and the war cultural tradition since the Anti-Japanese War. These two literary traditions sometimes influence contemporary literature in a complementary or relatively consistent way, and sometimes in a conflicting way.
China contemporary literature can be divided into three stages:
The first stage: 1949- 1978
With the convening of the "First Literary Congress", literary workers who have long been separated from two areas (the Kuomintang-ruled area and the liberated area under the leadership of the * * * production party) have finally "united".
The fighting tradition of the May 4th New Literature and the cultural tradition of the Liberated Areas formed in the war merged on the premise that all roads lead to the same goal, and formally established the new direction of China literature and art stipulated in Mao Zedong's Speech as the direction of national literature and art work.
At that time, people with guns engaged in peaceful construction, and cultural psychology naturally retained traces of the war era. Under the restriction of this cultural atmosphere, the literary concept has shifted from military track to political track, and the thinking mode of confrontation between the two armies is embodied in the dogmatic mode of one-sided emphasis on class struggle.
Phase II: 1978- 1989
The real "revival" of literature is marked by1the "scar literature" that started in August, 978. The convening of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee marks the denial of the cultural norms of war that have influenced China's cultural construction for forty years since the Anti-Japanese War.
1979 10 at the fourth congress of literature and art, Deng Xiaoping delivered a congratulatory message on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and clearly put forward the opinion of "non-interference", acknowledging that literary and artistic creation is a complex spiritual labor.
The party "does not require literature and art to obey temporary, concrete and direct political tasks, but helps literary and art workers to obtain conditions for continuous prosperity of literary and art undertakings according to the characteristics and development laws of literature and art"?
1980, the central government formally put forward the general policy of "literature and art serve the people and socialism". From 65438 to 0984, Hu Qili attended the Fourth Writers' Congress on behalf of the Central Committee and made a promise of "creative freedom".
The literature in 1980s was full of vigorous innovative spirit and active atmosphere, and the May 4th new literature tradition gradually recovered its vitality.
The third stage: the 1990s-the new century.
Cultural characteristics in the early 1990s: the unified political and social ideals held by intellectuals in the state of "fame" were diluted, and the multicultural pattern gradually formed unconsciously.
In literary creation, it is reflected in the writer's abandoning grand historical narrative and turning to personalized narrative position, especially the rediscovery and active identification of folk position. The new literary tradition showed new vitality in the 1990s.
Extended data:
Status:
China's contemporary literature system follows the official literature system after 1949, and has trained a large number of vulgar, decadent and kitsch writers, resulting in a huge amount of literary rubbish since the era of human civilization.
However, literary masterpieces with high ideological value and artistic value created by a few freelance writers with spiritual introspection ability are hard to come out, which leads to increasingly serious decadence and vulgarity not only in the literary world, but also in the whole society of China, and the spirit and thoughts are facing a total collapse.
The role of literature as a beacon leading human spirit is deteriorating day by day.
There are two main reasons for the emergence of modern literature:
1. Under the influence of the social environment at that time, various western ideas and cultures flowed into China, which had a great influence on the traditional literature of China at that time. The absorption and integration of traditional literature at that time produced modern literature;
2. At that time, due to China's own reasons, stereotyped writing was no longer applicable at that time, which hindered the development of China society. At that time, the intellectuals in China produced modern literature through constant exploration and study, which also played a great role in promoting the enlightenment and social development at that time.
Under the unique social background at that time, modern literature has its remarkable characteristics. The purpose of his creation is to get rid of the shackles of the old name style at that time. Liang Qichao advocated new style prose, and the voice of reform from novel and drama was also very strong.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-China Contemporary Literature