Poetry is divided into three categories: ancient poems, regular poems and quatrains, and Yuefu is attached to these three categories; Ancient poems, regular poems and quatrains are divided into five-character regular poems and seven-character regular poems respectively; Five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains. This is a kind of division. The classification of Shen Deqian's Poems on Tang Poetry is slightly different: he did not separate Yuefu, but added the category of five-character poems. Du Fu's poems compiled by Guo Zhida in Song Dynasty can be divided into two categories: ancient poems and modern poems. From the perspective of meter, poetry can be divided into classical poetry and modern poetry. Ancient poetry is also called ancient poetry or ancient style; Modern poetry is also called modern poetry. In terms of the number of words, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems. After the Tang Dynasty, there were few four-character poems, so the general poetry collections were only divided into five-character poems and seven-character poems. Poems about things, homesick poems, farewell poems, nostalgic poems, etc.
trait
Classical poetry is a kind of poetry as opposed to modern poetry. Before the formation of modern poetry, there were many schools of Chinese poetry. Also known as the ancient style of ancient poetry, there are three carriers of "Song", "Xing" and "Yin".
Four-character poems no longer exist in modern poetry. Although the word "ancient" is not added, it goes without saying that it is an ancient poem. The ancient poems included in The Book of Songs are mainly four-character poems. Four-character poems were still written in Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. Cao Cao's Looking at the Sea and Tao Yuanming's Stopping Clouds are typical four-character poems.
There are many ancient poems with five words and seven words, referred to as five ancient poems and seven ancient poems for short.
The ancient Five Dynasties first appeared in the Han Dynasty. Nineteen ancient poems, all five-character poems. After the Han Dynasty, many people wrote five-character poems. Most of the poems in the Southern and Northern Dynasties are five-character poems, and there are more five-character poems in the Tang Dynasty and later. The appearance of the Seven Ancient Dynasties may be earlier than that of the Five Ancient Dynasties. But before the Tang Dynasty, it was not as common as the Five Dynasties. In the Tang Dynasty, seven ancient books appeared in large numbers, which were also called long sentences by the Tang people.
Miscellaneous poems are also unique to ancient poetry. Poetry varies in length, from one word to more than one cross. Generally, it is a mixture of three, four, five and seven words, and seven words are the main ones, so it is customarily classified as ancient seven words. There are many miscellaneous poems in The Book of Songs and Han Yuefu folk songs.
Since the Han and Wei Dynasties, Yuefu poems have been accompanied by music, including songs, lines, songs and poems. Many Yuefu poems in Tang Dynasty were unhappy. There are various forms of miscellaneous poems in Tang and Song Dynasties: there are seven words mixed with five words, such as Li Bai's Difficult to Go; There are seven words mixed with three words, such as Zhang Lei's Cowherd; There are three or five sentences in the seven words, such as Li Bai's "Into the Wine"; There are seven words mixed with two, three, four, five words to more than ten words, such as Du Fu's "The Hut is Blown by Autumn Wind"; There are four, six and eight characters mixed with five or seven characters, such as Li Bai's "Difficult Road to Shu".
In addition, ancient quatrains also had authors in the Tang Dynasty. All belong to the category of ancient poetry. In the process of development, classical poetry and modern poetry have an interactive relationship. In the late Northern and Southern Dynasties, a new style of poetry appeared, which emphasized rhythm and duality, but had not yet formed a complete rhythm, and was between classical poetry and modern poetry. Some ancient poems in the Tang Dynasty tend to be legalized, and even ancient works are often integrated into modern sentence patterns. However, there are also some ancient poetry writers who consciously distinguish themselves from the near-body, and often use awkward sentences or occasional essays to avoid the law.