This poem was written in the autumn of the second year of Dali (767) and was written by Du Fu when he was in Kuizhou. From the 14th year of Tianbao in Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (755), the poet began to be a young woman, wandering and wandering, and tasted the hardships of life until the first year of Guangde in Tang Suzong (763). In 767 AD, although the Anshi Rebellion had ended for four years, local warlords took the opportunity to compete for territory and expand their sphere of influence, and the society was still in chaos. At this time, Du Fu was a 56-year-old man, wandering and suffering outside. He witnessed the heavy trauma brought to the Tang Dynasty by the An Shi Rebellion, and felt the hardships of the times, the decline of his family, the ups and downs of his official career, and the loneliness and hardships of his later life with mixed feelings. The poem "Ascending the Mountain" written by him is impassioned and touching, and is known as the crown of Du Ji's seven-character poems.
The high winds in the sky, the apes singing and the birds returning, clear lake Baisha, the author of the first couplet, what he saw and heard while hiking and camping, combined the poet's complex and deep feelings. Kuizhou is today's Fengjie, Sichuan, and has always been famous for its many apes' calls. Since ancient times, there has been a long Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong, and apes sing three tears. There is a saying that the three Gorges in Badong are sad, the apes cry three times, and the gorge is even more stormy. At this time, the poet climbed high alone, looked around from high to low, and listened attentively. Around the specific environment of Kuizhou, the poet chose six images, such as the chilly autumn wind, the empty sky, the sad ape, and the lonely river, the white beach and the hovering birds. In particular, these two details, the moaning of apes and the flying back of birds, seem to be the poet's endless old illness and lonely complex feelings, and also seem to be a true and vivid portrayal of thousands of people who have been wandering and displaced for more than years, including poets. In a few words, it sets a sad and solemn lyric tone for the whole poem.
The leaves of the lotus fell like the spray of a waterfall, and I watched the long river roll forward, concentrating the typical characteristics of late autumn. It is the poet's hope that the falling wood is boundless and rustling down; The river is rushing and rolling away, which the poet can see from the top of the mountain. There is a rustle and a rolling trend here, which makes people feel that the whole picture is full of weather, desolate and tragic, magnificent and magnificent, and the realm is broad and far-reaching. More importantly, from here, we seem to feel the poet's hard-working and helpless pain in the face of the dead, lamenting that time flies and life is short. The gloomy and sad antithesis vividly describes the poet's difficult and bitter life situation, and the language is accurate and magnificent. It is not an exaggeration for predecessors to regard it as a unique sentence in ancient and modern times.
I've come three thousand miles from here. Sad this autumn, sad for a hundred years, climbing this high alone further clarified the feelings contained in the above two couplets, and expressed the poet's melancholy of worrying about the country and hurting the country in time and space: First, he was sad and wandering, and Wan Li left his hometown; Two sad late autumn bleak, desolate and magnificent; Life is short and moody; Four sorrows travel to other places and visit other places; Five sad old people climb mountains, unable to do so; Six sorrows are weak and sick, and the situation is difficult; Seven worries, loneliness, anxiety, and difficulty in sending neat and rigorous speeches are full of the poet's endless worries about falling leaves, and the poet's endless loneliness and hatred of rivers. The connotation is rich, which makes us deeply feel the pulse of Du Fu's heavy beating feelings and the strong voice of the times!
Bad luck has laid a bitter frost on my temples. Heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine. The poet has tasted the hardships of being down and out. National tragedies and family worries have made the poet increasingly white-haired and miserable. He wanted to drown his sorrows in wine, but it was more difficult to drown his sorrows because of illness, which added a deep layer of melancholy and helplessness to the poet for no reason. Here, the poet attributed his poverty to the difficulties of the times, and expressed his feelings of worrying about the country and the people incisively and vividly.
The sad word in the whole poem is the core and the main line running through the whole poem. The poet's sadness rises from the heart to the top, from the top to the scene, from the scene to the wine, and from the wine to the new sadness. The whole poem begins with sadness and ends with sadness, and the sad scene begins to be written. The sad word is in the shape of a balcony and the stool is like a pill. This sad word is the direct expression of the poet's sad thoughts when he feels, and it is the full embodiment of the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people.