Primary school students in China will recite the famous line from Wang Changling, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, on his march to the army. The yellow sand will wear golden armor in a hundred battles, and Loulan will never return until it is broken. The ancient city of Loulan was submerged in rolling yellow sand 1,500 years ago. The reason for its demise is still a mystery to this day.
It is very likely that war and plague were the main reasons for its demise. Coupled with the change of river channels, the ecological environment has undergone drastic changes. Lop Nur, which was originally surrounded by green trees, has turned into a Gobi desert with raging wind and sand and soil erosion. , the land rapidly became saline-alkali and desertified. The surviving Loulan people moved to other places to live, and the world-famous Loulan civilization was submerged in the yellow sand. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that the Swedish archaeologist Sven Hedin came to Lop Nur for inspection and found some ancient coins and silk fabric fragments in the northwest. After a week of inspection, when the documents unearthed here contained the word Loulan, the word Loulan had disappeared for thousands of years. The mysterious ancient country reappeared in the world, shocking the world.
Only some withered poplar tree shelves and a small number of reed walls can be seen in the ruins of Loulan ancient city. The thousand-year-old corpse of a woman from Loulan unearthed by the Tieban River in 2004 once again focused the world's attention here. When the famous poet Xi Murong saw the corpse of a dead woman in Loulan, he was very surprised and inspired to write the beautiful poem Bride of Loulan: Sprinkle flowers all over my chest, and at the same time, my love and sadness. The female corpse was buried very shallowly, only a few centimeters from the hot desert surface. Even if it rained, the rain would dry up quickly, preventing the female corpse from rotting.
This world-famous female corpse that has not decayed for thousands of years is now well collected in the Loulan Museum in Ruoqiang County, Bazhou, Xinjiang. It is the only museum in China that collects Loulan cultural relics and displays Loulan culture. The exterior design of this museum has strong ancient Loulan cultural characteristics. One side imitates the Milan Pagoda, and the other side adopts modern style. The relief on the front wall is the restoration of the Loulan female corpse. The female corpse of Loulan has naturally become the treasure of this museum. With his deep-set eye sockets and tall nose, he is clearly an Aryan race, a Caucasian, and even his eyelashes are still intact. She is about 1.65 meters tall and wears a feathered hat on her head. Many people think she is the Princess of Loulan. After thousands of years, the skin color and blood color of the female corpse can still be seen, and the lower abdomen is swollen. She died of dystocia and was probably 25 years old. There was a pool of blood under his body that had solidified under the shroud, and was perfectly displayed to the world.