1909 is a normal year, the year of the rooster in the lunar calendar; This is also the year of Xuantongyuan in the Qing Dynasty. Forty-two years of Meiji in Japan; Three years of reform in Vietnam.
On the first day of October in Xuantong Yuannian (1909), Nanshe was formally established in Huqiu, Suzhou. First, in the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), on the seventh day of July, eleven young patriotic poets, including Chen Qubing, Wu Mei and Sanliu, got together in the Yuyuan Garden in Shanghai, unanimously agreed to establish the Shenjiao Society, and urged members to inherit the literati tradition in the late Ming Dynasty, actively participate in the anti-Qing struggle, and began to brew the establishment of the Nanshe Society. Named Nanshe, quoting the meaning of "Zhong Yi speaks Nanyin without forgetting his roots"; At that time, the center of the Qing dynasty was in the north, and it was named Nanshe, which also meant to oppose the Qing government in the north. The founders of Nanshe are Chen Qubing, Gao Xu and Liu Yazi, and the main activity center is in Shanghai.
When Nanshe was founded, it set its purpose: to directly cooperate with the bourgeois democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen, to "advocate the new trend of thought and flaunt patriotism" in poetry, to publicize the overthrow of the feudal autocratic Qing Dynasty, and to strive for the establishment of a democratic country. When Nanshe was founded, there were 17 members and 14 members, most of whom participated in the activities of editing revolutionary newspapers and periodicals. Therefore, Nanshe was dubbed the League Propaganda Department. The following year, the agency published Nanshe magazine and selected the works of its members. There are two or three episodes every year, which are divided into three parts: poetry, ci and literature. By the early days of the Revolution of 1911, Nanshe had grown to more than 200 people, gathering patriotic young literati who were active in the southeast of China during this period.
Politically, the members of Nanshe clearly supported the national revolution and opposed the rule of the Qing Dynasty. In literature, he has made great achievements in poetry, prose, novel, drama and translated literature. Its members Liu Yazi, Gao Xu, Su, Ma, Ning Tiaoyuan and Wu Mei are all famous intellectuals. The main achievements of Nanshe members in literature are poetry creation and criticism. They all strongly opposed the old literature such as Song Poetry School, Tongguang School, Han Wei Six Dynasties School, Middle and Late Tang School, Changzhou Ci School and Tongcheng School in the late Qing Dynasty, and the tendency of revivalism and formalism that once appeared in the literary world at that time, which played a certain role in promoting the development of modern literature.