"Lingzhi Pian" is an early five-character poem by Cao Zhi. In this poem, he expresses his ambition and wants to use the world to benefit the country. The whole poem can be divided into four parts.
The first part, the first four sentences, describes the glory of Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum, also known as Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Zhicao, jelly grass, and Ruicao, is the whole plant of the Polyporaceae plant Ganoderma lucidum or Purple Zhizhi. Ganoderma lucidum does not grow in the Central Plains, but is "soaked in stone fungi in Chongya, and Ganoderma lucidum is soaked with Zhu Ke" ("Xijing Fu" by Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty). How precious it is. And it shines with the red grass of Luobin. When a king is virtuous, this grass will grow, which further highlights the nobility of Ganoderma lucidum. The author laid down the foreshadowing and wrote cursive on the surface, but actually set the tone for future writing.
The second part is from "the inspiration from heaven reaches Degu" to "I don't know what to use it for", listing how many ancient filial sons fulfilled their filial piety, and the author praises their moral character like the light of Ganoderma lucidum. The author lists "Yu Shun was filial to the fields and did not disobey the sun", "Bo Yu's loving mother flogged without pain, wore colorful clothes for entertainment", Ding Lan was orphaned at an early age and carved wood as a relative", "The violent son committed a crime and died, Stories such as "Full Name for Avoiding Violence", "Dong Yong's family was poor and took leave to support them". These filial sons put filial piety first, took filial piety as virtue, and took filial piety as joy. They missed their parents' nurturing kindness and repaid their parents' nurturing love. The reason why Cao Zhi praised them so much was to promote the idea of ??governing the world with filial piety. At that time, an important system for selecting officials was the filial piety and filial field, which rewarded those who respected their parents and elders and those who worked hard, and received titles and titles. He was given silk or reincarnated (i.e. exempted from corvee service), etc. Xiaodi Litian and the "three elders" were both township officials in charge of education in the county and county, and were appointed as members.
The third part is from "Yu Shun lived in ancient times" to "She shed tears in her arms". It writes that people will be rewarded because their filial piety has moved the gods, just like people who eat Ganoderma lucidum. Able to resurrect the dead and live forever. It writes about the feelings of "the heavenly spirit and the goddess", the condolences of "Huang Kao and Polygonum", and the emotion of "withdrawing from the poems of the south wind and filling my arms with tears". Here the author organically combines lyricism and narrative, which has a very good artistic effect.
The fourth part is from the "chaotic days" to the "end", describing the miraculous effects of strengthening the country and harmonizing the people, implying the uniqueness of Ganoderma lucidum. Cultivating one's moral character, managing one's family and governing the country are consistent thoughts of the ruling class. At this point in the poem, the word "Luanyue" is used. Luanyue is originally a form of the ending of Qu Yuan's Li Sao style. The Li Sao style has an origin, development, loop, and echo. It is not limited to the composition of ancient poems, but creates its own composition. It ends in the form of "Luanyue" or "Xun Yue" to summarize and summarize the content or gist of the whole poem. , the same is true for this poem. The author said that based on the above situation, the result will be: the country's "holy emperor rules the world. Moral teachings are preached day and night. All countries are courteous." No teeth are missing from the beard, and the yellow hair is old." From top to bottom, the country is peaceful and the people are peaceful, harmonious and harmonious, which means that it is like the brilliance of Ganoderma lucidum.
This poem by Cao Zhi expresses his intention to establish the Shiji Kingdom. It has the political and social nature of the times and has a certain positive significance at that time. In poetry and art, the beautiful Ganoderma lucidum is used as a metaphor to create a vivid image. There are also innovations in creative methods, especially for five-character poems. In the past, most ancient Yuefu poems were mainly narrative, but in "Nineteen Ancient Poems", there is a certain amount of lyrical content. Cao Zhi developed this trend, organically combining lyricism and narrative, so that it can not only describe changes in complex events, but also express tortuous psychological feelings. This poem is an example. As the master of Jian'an literature, Cao Zhi's influence on later generations cannot be underestimated.