"Red Cliff Fu" is a fu created by Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Written in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082) when Song Shenzong relegated Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei). This poem describes what the author and his friends saw and felt when they went boating in Chibi on a moonlit night. Taking the author's subjective feelings as a clue, through the form of subject-object question and answer, it reflects the author's liberation from boating on a moonlit night to drawing lessons from a painful experience and then to philosophy.
Quan Fu embodies its unique artistic conception in layout and structural arrangement, with deep feelings and profound thoughts. It has a high literary position in the history of China literature and has a great influence on later Fu, prose and poetry.
Extended data
This Fu has the following artistic features:
The integration of emotion, scenery and reason, whether lyrical or argumentative, never leaves the scenery on the river and the story of Chibi, forming the integration of emotion, scenery and reason. From beginning to end, the scenery runs through, with romantic scenery as the main factor, supplemented by mountains and rivers. The author describes and discusses the wind and the moon. The article is divided into three layers to express the author's complex and contradictory inner world:
First of all, write about boating on the river on a moonlit night, drinking wine and writing poems, so that people can immerse themselves in the beautiful scenery and forget the secular happy mood; From mourning the rise and fall of historical figures, I feel that life is short and changeable, so I fall into the depression of reality; Finally, the philosophy of change and invariance is expounded, which shows that human beings and everything exist forever and show an optimistic attitude towards life. Scenery, lyricism and reasoning have reached a harmonious level.
In this paper, the genre form of "prose as fu" not only retains the characteristics and charm of traditional poetry, but also absorbs the style and techniques of prose, breaking the shackles of the duality of sentence pattern and rhythm, and is more composed of prose, so that the article has both the profound charm of poetry and the incisive artistic conception of prose.
The style of prose makes the whole article feel depressed and frustrated. For example, Fountain Fountain is different from Fu's emphasis on duality, and it is relatively more free. For example, at the beginning of the paragraph, "Autumn is endless, July is looking forward to it, perilla and the guests are boating under the red cliff", and the whole article is full of loose sentences, which means sorting out.
From the following to the end of the article, most of them rhyme, but the rhyme changes quickly, and the rhyme changes often in a paragraph, which makes this article especially suitable for reading, and the rhyme is very beautiful, which embodies the advantages of rhyme.
The image is coherent and the structure is rigorous. The coherence of scenery not only makes the whole article look like a whole in structure, but also communicates the emotional context and ups and downs of the whole article. Writing the scenery at the beginning is the emergence of the author's broad-minded optimism; "Singing while grabbing the boat" is born out of the scenery of "emptiness" and "streamer", which is a transition from "happiness" to "sadness".
Guests worry about the wind and moon, and their mood turns into depression and negativity; Finally, the discussion on the variation of all things and the philosophy of life is drawn from The Bright Moon and the Breeze, so as to dispel the sadness in my heart. The repeated interpenetration of the scenery does not give people the feeling of repetition and procrastination at all. Instead, it shows the ups and downs of the characters, reproduces the changing process of the author's ambivalence, and finally achieves the unity of poetry and discussion.