The so-called "imitation sentence pattern" is to write another sentence similar to the sentence given in the title. It's just sentence imitation, and the text content can't be exactly the same.
(B) ideas to solve the problem:
It is difficult to make sentences by imitating example sentences. To answer these questions well, we should start from several aspects:
1, grammatical perspective
2. Rhetorical perspective
3. Color angle
4. Expression angle
(imitate the sentence and find the imitation point on the whole sentence. In recent years, the imitation of sentence patterns in college entrance examination is often combined with "correct use of common rhetorical devices" When imitating sentence patterns, we should meet the requirements of rhetoric at the same time. Sentence imitation test questions are often very comprehensive, not only to imitate sentence structure, but also to meet the requirements of content and rhetoric, so the difficulty will naturally increase greatly. )
(3) Give an example:
Sentence imitation has become a hot topic, which is a comprehensive test of candidates' language expression ability. From the rhetorical point of view, there are mainly figurative sentences, parallelism sentences, comparative sentences and antithetical sentences. From the perspective of sentence patterns, there are hypothetical sentences, causal sentences, conditional sentences, turning sentences and other forms, that is, focusing on the whole sentence. There are four common types of problems:
1, embedded
Written sentences are sandwiched between the provided materials, which generally limits the thinking space of sentence expression, and requires proper collocation with the previous and subsequent sentences and consistent sentence patterns. For example:
Example 1.
Fill in the appropriate sentences in the horizontal line below to form a compound sentence that echoes back and forth. (1999 national college entrance examination question 27, 5 points)
The people and the country celebrated her 50th birthday. Fifty years is like a long river, with rapids and slow flows; Fifty years is like a picture scroll, with cool colors and warm colors; __________,_________; Fifty years is like an epic, with pain and joy. The long river flows forever, the picture scroll has just begun, _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the epic is still being written. We * * * and China are stepping firmly into a new era!
Analysis: This question examines the use of sentence patterns, rhetorical methods and applications. The ability level is D ..
Careful analysis of the characteristics of the sentences given is conducive to solving problems and doing problems.
(1) metaphor. In this paper, three similar figurative sentences (images) are listed, and only similar figurative sentences need to be made. You can write fifty years like a song, fifty years like a stadium, fifty years like a play, fifty years like a road and so on.
(2) the front is low and then high. It can be seen from "there is a torrent and a slow flow" and "there is a cool color and a warm color" that the former means frustration and the latter means praise, so we can pay attention to this feature when drafting new sentences. In contrast to the above, you can write "bass with treble", "mistakes with success", "calmness with climax", "bends with straightness" and so on.
(3) care before and after. "Long River Flows Forever" means "There is a long river", so the sequel should also take care of the above contents, such as "the music is getting climax", "the game is getting more intense", "the curtain of the drama is slowly pulling open" and "the road is moving on" and so on.
Fifty years is like a song, with bass and treble.
The music reached its climax.
2. Continuation type
Write one or more sentences according to the content and sentence patterns of the examples. For example:
Example 2.
Fill in the underlined part with appropriate words, so that the content before and after the semicolon corresponds to the sentence pattern, and the rhetorical method is the same. (200 1 national college entrance examination question 26, 6 points)
Pessimists say that hope is the horizon, even if it is visible, it will never be reached;
Optimists say that hope is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Optimists say that the wind is the companion of sailing, which can send you to the other side of victory;
Pessimists say that the wind is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Brief analysis: this question is written in context, imitating sentences, and both content and form should be taken into account.
Reference answer: ① (I hope so) Seven stars, even if they can't be picked, can tell people that the dawn is ahead.
The wind is an accomplice of the waves and can bury you in the depths of the sea.
3. Propositional formula
Set a language material, then make a proposition to determine the content, and imitate it according to the example. For example:
Example 3.
Imitate the sentence patterns of the following two figurative sentences. Start with "time" and write two figurative sentences with the same sentence pattern. (1998 national college entrance examination question 33, 4 points)
Books are like a ladder, which can lead us to the temple of knowledge. Books are like a key, which will help us open the window of spiritual wisdom.
Brief analysis:
The content of this question includes three articles about sentence, rhetoric and semantic coherence in the exam instructions. The ability level is D. Expression angle: learning.
(1) The content of the sentence imitated in this question has nothing to do with the example, but the sentence requirements are the same. It is required to carefully look at the sentence characteristics of the example sentences: two parallel figurative sentences. Be good at association and metaphor when doing problems.
② There are two basic requirements for the examination questions: First, it is necessary to take "time" as the noumenon; Second, write two parallel figurative sentences. If carefully analyzed, this question has three requirements: first, ontology must appear in metaphor, which can be simile or metaphor, but not metonymy; Second, the two clauses of each sentence are subject-predicate sentences, and the latter clause is concurrent; Third, the semantics of the two clauses must be related, and the latter clause should make a reasonable explanation of the function and role of the former clause. If the book is compared to a ladder, it will be written that the ladder can "guide" people to the palace. If the book is compared to a "key", it will be said that it can "open" the window of the soul.
Time is like a good doctor, it can teach us to heal bleeding wounds. Time, like a loving mother, will help us heal the wounds of our hearts. Time is like a breeze, which can help us dispel the melancholy clouds in our hearts; Time is like a drizzle, which can help us wash away the impurities in our hearts.
For another example, write two figurative sentences with the same sentence pattern starting with "Beijing".
Reference answer: Beijing is like a heart, connected with the beating blood of hundreds of millions of Chinese children. Beijing is like a window to let the world know about the reform and opening-up China.
Example 4.
The following two sentences are written as "hypocrisy". The first sentence is direct and concise; After constant analogy, vivid. Please choose a word from "friendship", "courage" and "trust" and write two sentences in imitation. (Question 26 of the National College Entrance Examination in 2000, 4 points)
( 1)
Hypocrisy and fraud produce evil. ([America] Edison)
(2)
Aphids eat grass, rust eats iron, and hypocrisy eats soul. ([Russia] Chekhov)
Brief analysis: (The following is the supplementary explanation of Jiangsu college entrance examination marking point for marking this question. )
If you don't copy any of the words "friendship", "courage" and "trust" specified in the title, the title won't score.
② It is required that the words selected in the two sentences (1) and (2) are consistent. If they are inconsistent, the maximum score is only 2 points (out of 4 points).
③( 1) Sentence requirements: joint phrase [friendship (courage) (trust)+□□]+verb-object phrase.
④ The content of (1) should be reasonable, and those that are obviously unreasonable, such as "courage and determination make light", do not score.
⑤( 1) The sentence pattern is inconsistent and the content is reasonable. For example, "Friendship is a bridge to the soul", "Care and trust make people warm", "Courage and hard work will lead to success", "Friendship in trouble is true friendship" and "Courage and friendship make you successful" all get 1 point.
⑥(2) The sentence patterns are similar, and the requirements are: a\ subject-predicate-object structure, with the stated object as the subject. The sentence composed of "yes" and "like (as if)" does not belong to the scope of "similarity". B\ constitutes parallelism, and the three verbs used are not required to be the same.
⑦(2) A proper analogy needs two points: a\ At least one of the first two sentences is a description of concrete real things. B\ Because "friendship", "courage" and "trust" are stated as objects, their meanings are affirmative, and the first two sentences should be consistent with them. Note: copying any sentence in the original sentence means no score.
Take 8 (2) as an example:
"Grass grows from the ground, chickens grow from the eggs, and heroes go forward bravely", 2 points.
"Tadpoles become frogs, silkworms become moths, and friendship becomes true feelings", 2 points.
"Buddha depends on a wick, tree depends on a skin, and friendship depends on communication", 2 points.
"The forest abandons the desert, the sea abandons the land and bravely abandons cowardice." ,
1 point, and the improper use of "discarded cards" will be deducted.
"Sugar gives people energy, fat gives people heat and friendship gives people strength", 1.
"Wind pushes the sail, water lifts the boat, and friendship sends you to the other side of happiness" 1 minute.
"Road is the passage on the ground, bridge is the passage on the river, and friendship is the passage on the soul", 1.
"Affection is a reassurance, warmth is a cotton-padded jacket, and friendship is a gift in the snow", 0 point, deduction sentence, deduction analogy.
Reference answer: Brave and fearless equals victory. Sword can overcome hardwood, water can overcome fire, and courage can overcome difficulties.
4. Opening up
No language materials are provided, only content or form is required, and the content or form of written sentences is implied in the respondent's past reading vision. For example:
Example 5.
Write a parallel sentence centered on "success" and "failure"
Analysis: the content of this question is limited, and the form of parallelism can be varied and flexible. Such as metaphor parallelism, contrast parallelism, etc. The main thing is to have rich association ability.
Reference answer: Modest people often succeed, lazy people often fail; Self-confident people often succeed, while people with low self-esteem often fail.
Only example forms are provided, and the imitation content is not limited. For example:
Example 6.
Imitate the format of the following sentence and write another sentence. (200 1 national spring college entrance examination question 26, 3 points)
Forgetting is a gap in my heart. How many precious yesterdays did you miss? (metaphor+question)
Reference answer: Diligence is the cornerstone of success. How many difficult steps have you climbed?
Example 7.
Write another set of sentences according to the following figurative form. Need to choose a new ontology and a carrier with complete meaning. (The number of words is not required to be the same as the original sentence) (Question 25 of the National College Entrance Examination in 2002, 6 points)
The sea is the dictionary of water;
Spray is a radical,
The sound of waves is a series of sounds,
Fish, shrimp and seagulls are the characteristics of the sea.
Requirements: There are three metaphors in the first sentence, four of which constitute a complete meaning, and the four metaphors are reasonable and appropriate.
Brief analysis: the relationship between the sea and waves and waves is a whole and a part, as well as the relationship between fish and shrimp, seagulls and the sea.
Fixed contact.
If the following two questions are not appropriate:
(1) Fairy tales are wonderful works of literature;
Poetry is a pearl,
Language is a petal,
Bees and butterflies are pollinators.
(2) Spring is the sport of the four seasons:
Grassland is a love song,
Mountains are oil paintings,
Streams and mountain roads are a novel.
After the change
(1) Fairy tales are wonderful works of literature;
The plot is Vantage,
Language is a petal,
Bees and butterflies are the stamens of fairy tales.
(2) Spring is the sport of the four seasons:
Spring breeze is a melody,
Spring rain is the lyrics,
Spring flowers and spring grass are the beating notes of spring.
The following are examples that meet the requirements:
③ Ideal is the dragon boat of the heart;
The target is the steering wheel,
The struggle is smooth sailing,
Knowledge and courage are ideal ships.
(4) Writing is a tree of life;
Literary talent is a flower,
The theme is fruit,
Observation and experience are the foundation of writing.
In a word, sentence parody is an important aspect of language expression, with various types.
The specific problem-solving process is: first look at the requirements of the stem, then look at the content of the language materials, that is, example sentences, then look at sentence patterns or expressions, and finally write.