But above:
32 18 Confucian scholars said, "Lunar eclipse is also (1)." He saw that solar eclipses are often at dusk, and the dusk of the moon coincides with the sun, so solar eclipses. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there were many solar eclipses (2). Confucian classic (3): "The new moon will cover the sun." Those who have an eclipse may not have the moon. Knowing the eclipse, why not talk about the moon? Say (4): "The change of solar eclipse, the yang is weak and the yin is strong." People are alive and strong, but they can ride ling. When the moon is yellow, the new moon will be exhausted and weak. The eclipse of the husband's day is also the eclipse of the moon (6). A solar eclipse is called a lunar eclipse. Who will have an eclipse? Without an eclipse, the moon lost itself. Talking about the sun by the moon is also like an eclipse (7), and the light extinguishes itself. Big rate of forty-one February, one food a day; In one hundred and eighty days, the moon will eclipse. There is erosion, and it is not the time to change it. It is natural to change it. It's dark during the day. What about Na Yue? There was an erosion, a landslide and an earthquake, and none of them were eroded.
19 or: "The eclipse was also covered by the moon. The sun is above and the moon is below, which is blocked by the shape of the sun (1). The sun and the moon attack each other, the moon is above and the sun is below, so you can't hide from the sun; The sun is above, the moon is below (2), it is blocked by the sun (3), and the moonlight blocks the sun (4), so it is called food. Obstacles on the moon, if clouds cover the sun, the moon will disappear. Its end (5) eats people. Its combination is equivalent to Raiders (6), and it is also a day. " It is natural that the sun and the moon blend together. Eclipse, the moon covers the sun, not also. How to test? When the sun and the moon meet, the moon hides sunlight, which will change when the first eclipse cliff reunites with Dan (7). If the sun is in the east and the moon is in the west, the moon will get sick and the sun will cover the cliffs in the east. After a while, the light at the beginning of the west cliff was restored, and the uncovered east cliff was also restored. Today, the sun is eaten, and the west cliff lacks light, and its recovery; How about the recovery of the west cliff? The west cliff has recovered the east cliff, which means that the attack will cover the obstacles.
Because 32. 18 has discussed the causes of solar eclipse, and the shapes of "day" and "month" are similar, some people think that "food" in 32. 19 should be "eclipse", that is, this passage demonstrates the causes of lunar eclipse.
Translation:
32. 18 Confucianism said: "An eclipse is when the moon erodes the sun." They often see solar eclipses at the end of the month and the beginning of the month, because the moon coincides with the sun at the end of the month and the beginning of the month, so the moon can erode the sun. There are many eclipses in spring and autumn. "Spring and Autumn Annals" said: "On the first day of a certain month, there will be an eclipse." The sun is eroded, not necessarily by the moon. Because we know it was eroded by the moon, why not mention it? Some people say: "the variation of solar eclipse is because the yang is weak and the yin is strong." People and animals in the world, the strong can bully the weak. Looking at the moon, the light at the end of the month has been exhausted, and the first day is almost exhausted. It is very weak. How is it possible to surpass the sun? In fact, solar eclipse and lunar eclipse are the same. When the sun is eroded, it is said that it is eroded by the moon. Then who eroded the moon? It can be seen that no one has eroded the moon, but the moon itself is incomplete. Judging the situation of the sun by the situation of the moon, we know that the sun itself becomes weak during the eclipse. About 4 12 months, there is an eclipse; One hundred and eighty days, there was an eclipse. Eclipses have a certain time, and violating the time is mutation. As for variation, it is also formed naturally by Qi. Eclipses always occur at the end of the month and the beginning of the month. Is it the moon again? The sun should be round and full. If we regard loss as a variation, we must consider it eroded. Then, when the earth shook, who was eroded?
32. 19 Some people say, "During the eclipse, the moon covered the sun. The sun is above, the moon is below, and the sun is covered by the moon. The sun and the moon are together and overlap each other. The moon is above and the sun is below, so it can't cover the sun. The sun is above, the moon is below, the sun is covered by the moon, and the moon also covers the sunlight, so it is called "food". The sun covers the moon just as clouds cover the moon and the sun. The sun and the moon overlap and overlap each other. If the combination of the sun and the moon is equivalent to the overlap of two jade walls, it is a total solar eclipse. At the end of the month and the beginning of the month, it is common that the sun, the moon and the moon overlap. It is wrong that the moon blocks the sun in the eclipse. With what to verify? If the sun and the moon overlap and the moon blocks the sunlight, then the place where erosion begins should be different from the place where it will be restored. If the sun is in the east and the moon is in the west, the moon moves very fast, moving eastward to the place where the sun is, covering the edge of the sun, and then continuing eastward after the sun, the place where the sun began to be covered in the west should be restored to the sun, while the place where the east is not covered should continue to be eroded. Now observing the solar eclipse, the light in the west of the sun is blocked, and it will see the light again in a while; The light returned to the west, and the moon moved over to cover the east, so the light returned to the west. How can you say that the sun and the moon overlap and hide?
The translation and the original text are from On Heng Speaking Japanese.
If you understand it this way, that is to say, the following article "Today's inspection of the sun (Yan Wen, it should be" the moon ") feeds on the west cliff, and its recovery is also the recovery of the west cliff. What if the east cliff is built and the west cliff is built? "
This sentence actually describes the "red moon" phenomenon unique to the eclipse. Because the earth has a dense atmosphere, the shorter the wavelength, the easier it is to be refracted, while the longer red light can penetrate the earth's atmosphere, refract to the surface of the moon, and then reflect back to the surface of the earth to be observed.
Total lunar eclipse process:
"The lack of light on the west cliff will restore it." This is the process of losing food at first. The first loss is that the moon just touches the umbra of the earth; During the eclipse, the western edge of the moon is inscribed with the western edge of the Earth's umbra, and the moon just enters the Earth's umbra. Around the eclipse, the moon began to appear "red moon", and the whole moon was red, that is, "its recovery".
"West Cliff Revives, East Cliff Revives" is a luminous stage: the moon moves in the umbra of the earth and intersects it for the second time. When engraved, the characteristics of the red moon disappear. Before and after the third picture in the third line of the corresponding picture.