Parallel prose is relative to prose. Its main feature is that it focuses on four or six sentence patterns and pays attention to antithesis. Because of the opposite sentence pattern, it is like two horses running neck and neck, so it is called parallel prose. In phonology, it pays attention to the use of flat and harmonious rhythm; Rhetorically, it pays attention to decoration and allusions.
Because parallel prose pays attention to formal skills, the expression of content is bound, but if used properly, it can also enhance the artistic effect of the article. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there were also many works with profound contents. After the Tang Dynasty, the form of parallel prose became more and more perfect, with four or six sentences running through it, so it was generally called parallel prose in the Song Dynasty. Parallel prose was still very popular until the late Qing Dynasty.
Extended data
Ancient literary genres include:
1 and fu
A style in ancient China, which emphasized literary talent and rhythm, was both poetic and poetic. It is characterized by "spreading articles, writing things and writing ambitions", focusing on writing scenery and expressing emotions through scenery.
It first appeared in hundred schools of thought's essays and was called "short fu"; Qu Yuan's "Sao Style" is a transition from poetry to fu, which is called "Sao Fu". The style of Fu was formally established in the Han Dynasty, which is called "Ci Fu". After Wei and Jin Dynasties, it developed in the direction of parallel prose, which was called "parallel prose". In the Tang dynasty, it changed from parallel style to regular style, which was called "law fu"; In Song Dynasty, Fu appeared in the form of prose, which was called "Wen Fu".
Famous Fu include: Fu of Epang Palace by Du Mu, Fu of Autumn Sound by Ouyang Xiu, Fu of Thousand Chibi by Su Shi, etc.
2. Parallel prose
Originated from the Han and Wei Dynasties, it was formed in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and prevailed in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It appears alternately with four characters and six characters, and is called "Liu Siwen" in the world. Parallel prose often affects the expression of content by accommodating sentence patterns and piling up words. After Han and Liu advocated the ancient prose movement, parallel prose gradually declined. The famous Book with Zhu was written by the monarch of the Southern Dynasty.
3. Original text
The original intention is the ancient argumentative style. This style is a fundamental investigation and discussion of a certain theory, proposition, political system or social custom, and it is highly theoretical. Such as Han Yu's Original Extinction and Huang Zongxi's Original King.
4. Debate
"Debate" is to argue about right and wrong, not true and false. This style is characterized by refuting a wrong argument or discriminating some facts. For example, Han Yu's Debate on Taboo and Liu Zongyuan's Debate on Dong Xiong.
Step 5 say
The floorboard of ancient argumentative articles. It was not much different from Lun, so it was later collectively referred to as reasoning analysis. On the preface to the essay, it says: "The speaker explains, explains the meaning, and explains with his own meaning." Such as Shi Shuo, Ma Shuo, Young China Shuo, Snake Catcher Shuo and Huang Sheng Borrowing Books Shuo.
6. at
A writing style. For example, The Six Kingdoms and Guo Qin.
7. Commemoration
Ancient ministers collectively went to court. Including play, discussion, reconciliation, expression, countermeasures and so on.
(1), sparse. It means detailed report. For example, Jia Yi's On Accumulation and Sparse Storage.
2. Table. Just stating a point or something. Such as Zhuge Liang's "model".
(3) countermeasures. In ancient exams, the topic was strategy, so that candidates could answer strategies, and the articles that candidates answered were called countermeasures, such as Su Shi's "Teaching War and Defending Strategies".
8. Preface
Foreword is also called "preface" or "introduction", just like today's "introduction" and "preface", it is an article that explains the intention, arrangement style and author of writing or publishing a book. It can also include comments on writers' works and research on related issues. "Preface" is usually written in front of a book or article, and what is listed at the back of the book is called "postscript" or "postscript".
This kind of article belongs to expository or argumentative according to the content, and it is expository to explain the writing purpose, style and content. Comments on the author's works or explanations are argumentative. For example, the preface to Scream, the preface to Rural Investigation, the postscript to Guide to the South, and the Biography of Lingguan.
9. inscription
In ancient times, words carved on objects to warn themselves or describe merits were called "Ming". Inscriptions carved on cards and placed on the right side of the case to protect themselves, such as Liu Yuxi's "My Humble Room", are called "mottos". An epitaph is carved on a stone tablet to describe the life of the deceased and praise the memory. Such as Han Yu's epitaph of Liu Zihou.
10, eulogy
Articles read when offering sacrifices to the dead or gods such as heaven, earth, mountains and rivers. There are two genres: verse and prose. The content is to remember the main experiences of the deceased before his death, to praise his main moral character and achievements, to mourn and to inspire the living. Such as Yuan Mei's "Sister-in-law".
1 1, miscellaneous description
(1), mountains and rivers, scenery and personnel miscellaneous notes. Descriptions of mountains and rivers, scenery and people, such as "Little Stone Pond" and "Mount Tai".
(2) Precautions. Mainly notes, characterized by short length, about 1000 words; Rich in content, there are historical anecdotes, heritages, literary essays, people's essays, science novels, textual research, reading miscellaneous notes and so on. Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Meng Qian Bi Tan are such styles.
12, Travel Notes
Travel notes are a form of prose describing travel experiences. Travel notes have a wide range of materials, which can describe the beauty of famous mountains and rivers, record the peculiar richness of local customs, reflect the daily life of a person and a family, and also record the major events of a country and express the author's thoughts and feelings.
The style of writing is relaxed, vivid and informative, giving people rich social knowledge and good feelings. Travel notes are argumentative essays, such as Yueyang Tower and You Bao Chan. There are scientific ones, such as the Three Gorges in Li Daoyuan; Some are lyrical, such as Liu Zongyuan's The Story of Little Stone Pond.
13, prose
Prose is a flexible literary genre, in which the author writes his true feelings and experiences. Such as the Northern Song Dynasty writer Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower".
14, fairy tale
A children's literature. Through rich imagination, fantasy and exaggeration to shape characters, reflect life and educate children ideologically. The language of fairy tales is popular, vivid, vivid, bizarre, tortuous and full of interest.
The anthropomorphic description of natural scenery can adapt to children's psychology and interest, stimulate people's imagination, and is conducive to their acceptance and transformation. Fairy tales selected as teaching materials are: Andersen's The Emperor's New Clothes and Ye Shengtao's The Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes.
15, folk stories
The literary form formed by the oral creation of the masses has been passed down orally and has been continuously revised and processed by many people. The characteristics of folk stories: strong story and vivid plot; Spoken, simple and lively; Imagination is strange and rich; Often use exaggeration and metaphor, which has a strong artistic appeal.
In content, it comes from the people and mainly reflects the folk life. Some folk stories often have mythical fantasy plots and are full of magical colors. For example: fisherman's story, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, etc.
16, fable
This is a persuasive or ironic story. "Entrust" means "Entrust". Fables usually contain profound truth in simple stories, so as to compare one with another, the small with the big, and the ancient with the present. They are used to personification. The language is concise and sharp.
Famous fables in European literature include Aesop's fables in ancient Greece. Fables prevailed in China during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and there were many fables in Zhuangzi, Han Feizi and other works, such as Zheng Ren buys shoes (Han Feizi), Fighting between snipes and mussels (Warring States Policy) and Carving a Boat for a Sword (Lv Chunqiu).
Baidu encyclopedia-parallel prose