Shu Dao Nan Chapter 65438 Teaching Design +0 Teaching Objectives
1, understand the author and perceive the meaning of the poem as a whole;
2. Explain the reading requirements in combination with the poetry content.
3. Understand Li Bai's release.
Teaching focus
Read aloud.
Teaching difficulties
Reading requirements.
teaching method
Guide the demonstration.
Teaching time
3 class hours.
teaching process
first kind
First, the introduction of new courses.
Evaluate Li Bai's poems and songs with Du Fu: "The pen falls on the wind and rain, and the poem makes the gods cry". On the status of Tang poetry and Li Bai's achievements.
Read the text aloud, the teacher makes clear the meaning of the text and models the text.
Second, read aloud.
1, personal reading.
2. Read aloud in groups.
3. Teachers and students discuss reading aloud:
(1) "Alas, alas, heaven is hard."
These two sentences dominate the whole poem and lay the foundation for the intonation of the whole poem, but they are bold and unrestrained and should be read with great momentum. The use of prose sentences shows that the poet can't help but blurt out when he looks up at Shu Road, and also shows a strong sigh. "Aye aye" is a magical word. "Danger" and "height" are synonyms, saying that the height of Shu Road is extremely high. Both "Hu" and "zai" can be sustained. You can read Shu Dao Nan slowly. After a short pause, the words "it's difficult to go to the sky" can be read in a rising tone, so the theme of the whole poem is self-evident.
"until the two rulers of this area ... then the ladder was connected with the stone pile."
This layer is about the origin of Shu Dao, which should be read in narrative. Four sentences in Can Cong say that Qin and Shu have been isolated for a long time and there is no way to pass; The sentence "Wandering West" means "Taibai Bird Road", which means that no one can climb it-these are all paving the way for the following, so read it gently and gently. The last two sentences are correct, so we should deliberately exaggerate them, just like seeing a thrilling scene with our own eyes, which shows that the opening of Shu Road is an earth-shattering event.
(3) "High, like a high banner, six dragons drive the sun ... Then, with both hands holding their chests, they fell to the ground with a groan."
This floor is close to the top, which means that although there is a road, it is difficult for people to walk, so they should recite it by chanting. The sentence "Shang You" shows the general situation of Shu Dao from different angles, so you should read it slowly so that the listener can feel the movement of the line of sight, and the stress should fall on the words "Six dragons return to Yang" and "Reversed by surging waves". The sentence "Yellow Crane" has a feeling of helplessness. After reading it, you can pause for the following. The last four sentences are close-ups, focusing on the situation of people walking on Qingniling Mountain. When reading them, you must have the idea of experiencing the situation. You can reread the words "hundred steps and hundred folds" and "walk well", but the speed should not be fast. You should have a meal at the "catch your breath", then read the last sentence and pause.
(4) "We wonder if this westward road will never end ... even hearing it makes our cheeks pale."
The title of this poem doesn't specify who to give to Shu, so "Ask Jun" here can also be assumed to be true, so it will be more intimate to read. It is not feasible to ask "when will it be returned". The stress should fall on the word "unreachable" and should be read in a convincing tone. The following four sentences use birdsong to render the sad atmosphere during the journey. When reading, you should lower your voice, feel lonely for thousands of miles, and slowly climb the "empty mountain". Then read the main sentence in an exclamation tone and cook a short meal to "fade your face" to show that your meaning is still unfinished.
5] "The highest cliff is only one foot from heaven ... Hu Weiwei is coming!"
It's still not feasible, but the content is deepened, because the Shu Road is sinister. The first four sentences are not purely objective descriptions. When you read them, you should imagine that tourists are climbing on the top of "Lotus Peak" and "Cliff" and are in "rapids and waterfalls flying down" to make the listeners feel thrilling. After reading, you can pause for a long time, and then slowly stop with "with all these dangers above danger" The last sentence is that the poet borrowed the tone of Shu people and sighed deeply to the tourists who came to explore ─ "Why did you come here?" Not asking, but reading in a falling tone implies "why are you here?"
[6] Jiange Linglian and Cui Wei ... But a wolf to his companion? ."
When I read the first sentence, I suddenly shook and reappeared the dangerous scene of Jiange. The word "madam" should be tactful and powerful, which shows that Jiange is easy to defend but difficult to attack. But the focus is on the last two sentences, warning people who travel westward: Jiange is the gateway of Shu, and the situation is dangerous, so it is easy to mutiny, so you must not stay in Shu for a long time.
(7) "Hungry tigers should be afraid during the day ... it is better to go home early."
The first four sentences directly follow the above and write a cruel scene in the Sichuan military rebellion. All four words are used, and the rhythm is short and powerful. When you read two words, it's terrible. Pause and read the last two sentences with sincere persuasion.
⑻ "It is difficult to get through the Shu Road, and it is difficult to go to the sky. I squint at the west and ask for advice."
This is the conclusion of the whole poem. When the main sentence appears for the third time, read it slowly and have a deep sigh. After "looking sideways to the west", pause for a moment, and then pronounce the word "long consultation" in a gradually slow and powerless tone. If there is a lingering sound, it will make people think deeply.
Third, the overall perception of poetry.
The difficulty of Shu Dao is an old title in Yuefu's Xiang He Ge Ci Tone Qu, which mainly talks about the difficulty of Shu Dao through the danger of mountains and rivers. With rich imagination, bold language and vigorous style, the poet vividly described the breathtaking scenery of mountains and rivers on the Shu Road of Qin people. Not only wrote about the hardships of Shu Dao, but also wrote about the hardships of life journey, and pinned his worries and worries about national affairs. The whole poem begins with a strong sigh out of thin air, followed by vast ancient legends and high-risk and steep landscapes. The ups and downs of the emotional structure of poetry jumping give people a sense of movement; The majestic spirit of swallowing mountains and rivers flows in it, giving people a strong shock and purifying the soul. The whole poem is magnificent, bold and unpredictable, and unpredictable in Wang Yang, which shows the poet's outstanding artistic talent and rich imagination.
The first four sentences of this poem are the general outline of the whole article. Later, according to the origin and history of Shu Dao, the high, gloomy, sinister and unstable social situation along Shu Dao. The lens is more thrilling than a group. "It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky" is repeatedly sung in the poem. The author creates a magical, thrilling, profound and open lofty realm with hearty pen and ink, which makes the whole poem's emotions always surging, swaying and lingering.
Fourth, homework
Recite Shu Dao Nan.
Second lesson
First, the introduction of new courses.
Ask questions, recite and introduce new lessons.
Read the text aloud. When students read aloud, pay attention to the composition, weather and tone of the poem. Let the students who read well read aloud.
Second, appreciate the composition of poetry
The poet creatively inherited the common repetition form (also called repetition) in ancient folk songs, and there are three main sentences: the beginning, the middle and the end appear once each. This is not a simple repetition, because every time it appears, it brings new enlightenment to readers, naturally forming a pattern of main sentence running through and in-depth content, which makes people feel that it is not enough to sigh once and then sigh again.
Third, enjoy the weather of poetry.
Reading this poem is like walking through a gallery, and moving pictures appear in front of your eyes. Their broad artistic conception and striking momentum make you dumbfounded and amazed.
"There is still only one bird path in Dabaishan to the west until the peak of Emei." In the poet's imagination, he seemed to see the endless landscape between Qin and Shu. Such a magnificent landform is really rare!
"Once it was destroyed by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone stack was hooked." 16 vividly reproduces the story about wuding mountain in folklore, which makes us seem to hear a loud cry when wuding mountain pulls a snake, and then an earth-shattering noise. It seems to see countless brave people clearing the way and erecting plank roads on the mountain, and we can't help but admire the greatness of divine power and manpower!
"On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, while the river far below lashes its twisted channel." This is what the poet imagined he saw on the Shu Road: when he looked up at the highest peak in front of him, he saw six solar cars pulled by dragons being blocked and had to make a detour; Looking down again, I saw that the raging torrent was blocked by mountains and stirred up countless eddies-how magical and wonderful this painting is!
"Green Mud Mountain is made up of many circles. For every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound." This is the poet's vision of climbing Qingniling along Panshan Road.
"Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, then fell to the ground with our arms folded." This is what happened after writing at the top. It's like a series of shaking shots, and the interesting thing is the latter one: the poet walks through the stars, and sometimes he touches them curiously to see what it looks like. What a strange imagination!
"I can't hear anything except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird. Jathyapple, and the empty mountain here, the melancholy voice of the cuckoo. " This is what the poet imagined the tourists to see on the road. The picture is sad: birds sing, making the mountain forest seem quieter and as desolate as the virgin forest. Compared with the above picture, the color tone has changed, which also reflects the diversity of the scenery of Shu Road, but the atmosphere is pressing, which makes people feel terrible lonely.
"The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and dry pine trees hang down from the cliff surface. Waterfalls and springs flow, and the valley is full of flying stones. " This is an extremely thrilling picture, which is different from the height of Shu Road emphasized above. Even the steep peaks and cliffs turn into stones, which will endanger the lives of tourists and make people fear and fear, so it is called "adding risks to risks" below.
It goes without saying that so many pictures are hidden here and there, and their realm is vast; No matter how high the mountain is, no matter how fast the water is, no matter how big the rivers and mountains are, no matter how big the trees are, no matter how lonely the trees are, no matter how dangerous the peaks are, no matter how dangerous the cliffs are, they are all threatening, and their majestic weather is really beyond the reach of others. Generally speaking, its changing speed is more and more strange, often unexpected and dizzying.
Fourth, appreciate the tone of poetry.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
This poem runs through the theme sentence "It's difficult to get through the Shu Road, and it's difficult to get to the sky", which has already indicated its intonation. Throughout the poem, the poet has three sighs: first, the height of Shu Dao, second, the danger of Shu Dao, and third, the fierce disaster of the war in Sichuan. These three sighs are actually contained in the poet's concrete description and lyric. For example, "the yellow crane is sad, but the poor monkey's paw is hard to make", which is a sigh of the height of the Shu Road, because the yellow crane flies the highest and the ape walks the fastest. If neither can cross, how can a person cross? Another example is "all these risks add risks, and people from afar are so careless", which is a sigh of the risks of Shu Road, and it is particularly meaningful to write it in a tone of advising tourists. Another example is that "there are terrible tigers in the daytime, poisonous reptiles in the night, sharp teeth and fangs, killing people like hemp", which is a sigh of the tragic war disaster in Shu. The poet reproduces "fighting for land to kill people" with specific descriptions; The picture of "Fighting for the City and Killing for the City" ("Mencius Li Lou") is unbearable to witness.
Six, homework arrangement
1, find out the allusions in poetry.
2. What rhetorical devices are used in poetry?
The third category
First, the introduction of new courses.
The pen array is vertical and horizontal, such as flying, and the fingers are like thunder. ([Qing] Shen Deqian's "Tang Poetry")
Talents are profligate and endless, such as the pearl of the South China Sea, and they are everywhere. (Li Shiwei, Volume I)
Second, recite the text
1, recite collectively.
2. Recite it alone.
Ask the students to talk about their favorite poems and give reasons.
Fourth, expand and deepen.
1. How does the poet express the grandeur and preciseness of Shu Dao?
Myth and Legend: Five Mountains and Six Dragons Return to Japan —— An insurmountable obstacle to writing Shu Dao in history.
Virtual writing foil: the yellow crane can't fly, and the ape can't climb up-it's harder to foil people walking.
Describe your eyes and actions: touching the stars with your hands, breathing nervously, sighing with your chest, walking with difficulty, and looking frightened-the shape of being trapped is like being in front of you.
Lyric by borrowing scenery: The ancient wood is desolate and the bird is sad (the sad bird is ancient wood, and Zigui sings jathyapple)-it makes people feel pale, exaggerates the sadness and empty and desolate environment of traveling on the Shu Road, and effectively sets off the difficulties of the Shu Road.
Exaggeration: "the sky is high and the cliff is low" and "the head is drooping, from the cliff surface"-the height of the mountain peak and the danger of the cliff are extremely exaggerated, rendering a thrilling atmosphere.
It is with unpredictable brushwork that Li Bai vividly describes the dangers of Shu Road, artistically shows the winding, majestic, lofty and rough face of ancient Shu Road, and depicts a colorful landscape picture.
2. What's so good about the description that "the highest cliff is only one foot away from heaven" ... let the rotating stone make a thunderous sound through 10,000 valleys?
The poet first set off the high risk of the mountain, and then turned from static to static, and wrote a thrilling scene of water and stone stirring and valley roaring, like a series of focal planes: at first, it was a distant view of the ups and downs of the mountains; Then gently push out the close-up of dead pine hanging upside down; Then, it was followed by a group of quick shots: rushing rapids, waterfalls, cliffs and turning stones. With the sound of thousands of valleys and thunder, they flashed before our eyes quickly, which was amazing and dizzying, thus causing overwhelming artistic effects and making the description of Shu Road difficult to reach its peak. If the high risk of the mountains above is daunting, then the mountains and rivers here are even more thrilling.
3. Why did Li Bai describe such an indescribable thing as "the difficulty in getting through the Shu Road" so touching?
Li Bai's description is so touching because of his romanticism.
. The poet wanders in vain with his affection for mountains and rivers. He did not watch the natural scenery indifferently, but praised it enthusiastically to express his ideals and feelings. Surging water and dangerous peaks and valleys endow the poet with emotional temperament, thus showing a flying soul and a magnificent posture. Poets are good at combining imagination, exaggeration and myths and legends to write scenery and express feelings. When you say that the mountain is high and steep, you say "high, as on the Gao Qi, six dragons drive the sun"; The obstacles in the shape of the road are: "Once destroyed by the earthquake, the brave died, and then the ladder was connected with the stone pile" ... The poet talked about the opening of the wuding mountain from the silkworm cluster, from the return of the six dragons to the night cry of Zigui, which was imaginative and created a broad artistic realm, full of romantic colors. Let us see the tall image of the poet through the wonderful mountains and rivers.
Before the Tang Dynasty, Shu Daonan's works were short and pithy, and Li Bai innovated and developed this ancient Yuefu theme. He used three characters, four characters, five characters, seven characters and so on until eleven characters, and the sentence patterns were uneven, forming an extremely unrestrained language style. Rhyme is also constantly changing, suitable for expressing the spirit of freedom and unrestrained, describing the dangerous environment in Sichuan, changing rhymes three times in a row, and trying to change things. This also complements his rich and peculiar imagination and realistic romantic spirit.
4. In the thrilling atmosphere of changeable and dangerous situations, I finally wrote about Jiange, the fortress of Zhongshu. There is a 30-mile plank road between Dajianshan and Xiaojian Mountain. The peaks are like swords, the mountains are towering, and the walls are cut like doors, forming a natural fortress. Because of its dangerous terrain, it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. Historically, there were many people who claimed to be kings here. The poet described a political situation from the danger of Jiange. He borrowed the phrase "the victory lies in the shape, but the bandits don't live together" from Zhang Zai's Ming of Jiange in the Western Jin Dynasty, aiming to persuade people to take warning and be alert to the occurrence of war. Combining with the social background at that time, he revealed that "the tiger's teeth are sharp, and the wolf in Shu" was not only a pun on the beasts of Shu, but also an allusion to political darkness, expressing his worries and worries about national affairs.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) course summary
This poem is a parody of the old theme of Yuefu, which is intended to send friends to Sichuan. The poet developed a rich imagination in a romantic way, and artistically reproduced the spectacular, abrupt, tenacious, rugged, breathtaking and insurmountable Sichuan Road, thus singing the magnificent scenery of Sichuan mountains and rivers and showing the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland. As for whether this poem has a deeper meaning, there are different opinions in the past dynasties. But as far as poetry is concerned, it is not necessarily meaningful to analyze it. But it can be seen from the poem, "What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions?" It is about the beautiful mountains and rivers of Shu, warning the authorities that Shu is dangerous and the people should defend it well. Poetic prose is mixed, the sentences are uneven, the brushwork is vertical and horizontal, and it is bold and free. The whole poem has strong feelings, three sighs and repeated cycles, which makes people excited to read.
Sixth, homework
Finish the yellow book after class.
blackboard-writing design
The first time I saw the opening theme sentence: lamenting the height of Shu Dao
Sigh the origin of Shu Gao Dao
The Shu Road is high and steep.
Second, lamenting the desolation of the dangerous scene-from "when will it be returned"
(awesome) The mountains and rivers are sinister.
The second view of the main sentence: lamenting the danger of Shu Dao
Three sighs about the fierceness of war and the danger of Jiange.
The tragic scene of murder-ending with "going home early"
Three views on the ending theme sentence "lament the catastrophe of Shu war"
Teaching objectives of difficulty coefficient in the second part of teaching design
1. Understand the development history of Tang poetry.
2. Understand the life and creation of the poet Li Bai.
3. Experience the romantic style of Li Bai's poems.
4. Understanding Li Bai's depression and anger, talent and ambition have failed.
Teaching focus
1. Understand the life and creation of poet Li Bai.
2. Understand the development history of Tang poetry.
3. Experience the romantic style of Li Bai's poems.
4. Grasp the characteristics of tectonic cycle.
Teaching difficulties
On the Romantic Style of Li Bai's Poems.
Teaching time
One class.
teaching process
First, import
The Tang Dynasty is the peak of the development of China's poetry, and Tang poetry is a treasure in China's art garden. Throughout the dynasties, it still shines with its rich and profound connotation and colorful artistic style.
Second, about Tang poetry
The Tang Dynasty was the most glorious period of China's poetry. According to its development, the comments on poems and songs in Tang Dynasty can be roughly divided into four periods: the early Tang Dynasty, the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the middle Tang Dynasty and the late Tang Dynasty.
Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo are the representative figures in the early Tang Dynasty. They are known as the "four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty" and their poetic style is healthy and lively.
The representatives of the prosperous Tang Dynasty are two famous poets involved in our unit, Li Bai and Du Fu. In addition, frontier poems represented by Gao Shi, Cen Can and Wang Changling also came into being in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Bai Juyi was a representative figure in the middle Tang Dynasty, and his narrative poems Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow were widely circulated.
Li Shangyin and Du Mu, who were called "Little Du Li" in the late Tang Dynasty, also left many well-known poems.
Third, about Li Bai.
Li Bai, whose name is Taibai and whose name is Qinglian Jushi, is one of the greatest romantic poets in the history of China literature.
Fourth, about "the difficulty of getting through the Shu Road"
On the basis of preview, give students 2 ~ 3 minutes to read the text quickly in class, then find a classmate to read, correct pronunciation and break sentences.
1. Question: After reading this poem, you will find a sentence repeated three times. Do you know which sentence it is?
Qing: "Shu Dao is difficult to pass, and it is difficult to go to the sky."
2. Question: This sentence appears three times in three paragraphs. Is it simple repetition?
Clear:
No, it means there is a difference.
(1) in the first paragraph, it says "high risk! It is difficult for Shu Dao to go to heaven. "The lofty and pioneering history of Shu Dao can be divided into two layers:
The first floor ("until the two rulers of this area ... then the ladder and the stone pile are connected." ) talked about the origin of Shu Dao.
On the second floor ("high, like on a high banner, six dragons drive the sun ... and then hold their chests with both hands and fall to the ground with a groan"), it is written about the lofty Shu Road. Shushan is so high that even the sun's car has to go back, and the water waves have been washed back. Neither the flying yellow crane nor the climbing ape can cross it. The mountain road is winding and the Shu road is very high. He who can climb can climb the stars.
(Students read aloud and recite. )
(2) The second paragraph says, "It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky, and the smell turns pale!" It is difficult to write about the adventures of Shu Dao and the horrible atmosphere on the way. Can be divided into two layers:
On the first floor ("We want to know if this road to the west will never end ... even hearing it makes our cheeks pale), the author uses" sad birds "and" parting rules "to render the sad atmosphere on the way, which makes him feel lonely thousands of miles away.
The second floor ("the highest cliff is only one foot below heaven ... why come all the way!" " The author wrote about the dangers of Shu Dao. Imagine that tourists climb the "Lotus Peak" and "Cliff" and are in the deafening "Waterfall", which is thrilling. Finally, use "this is at stake" to discourage adventurers from entering Shu cautiously.
(Students read aloud and recite. )
(3) The third time appeared in the third paragraph, "It is difficult to get through the Shu Road, and it is difficult to go to the sky. Look at the west and ask for advice! " Write about the tragic war disaster in Shu. The first sentence reproduces the dangerous scene of Jiange. Because "one man defends it, ten thousand people can't force it" is easy to defend but difficult to attack, it will be a battleground for military strategists, and military rebellion is prone to occur in Shu, and the scene is cruel and terrible.
(Students read aloud and recite. )
3. Question: We know that "difficult to reach the top" is by no means a simple repetition, so what is the intention of appearing three times in a row?
Clarity: laid the tone of the whole poem. Throughout the poem, the poet lamented three things: first, the lofty Shu Dao; Second, lamenting the sinister nature of Shu Dao; Three sighs about the tragic war disaster in Shu. These three sighs are actually contained in the poet's concrete description and lyric.
4. Q: Li Bai's imagination went into the earth, seeking the past and seeking the present. This amazing imagination combined with a high degree of exaggeration creates a shocking atmosphere and spectacular scenes. So Li Bai's poems are just for the scenery?
Clarity: Amin scholar Hu Zhenheng said that "speaking is more dangerous, but more cautious". This is actually the poet's original intention.
Students experience the whole text and read the whole poem.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) homework after class
1. Complete exercises 1, 2 and 3.
2. What is the connection between Taibai style and the weather in the prosperous Tang Dynasty?