Mu Dan (19 18- 1977), originally named Cha, was born in Tianjin, and his ancestral home was Yuanhua Town, Haining City, Zhejiang Province. Patriotic poet and translator.
1940 stayed on as a teacher after graduating from The National SouthWest Associated University. 65438-0949 studied in the United States and entered the English Literature Department of the University of Chicago. 1952 received a master's degree in literature. 1953 After returning to China, he served as an associate professor in the Foreign Languages Department of Nankai University. 1958 was persecuted by politics and transferred to the library. 1977 died of heart disease.
In the 1940s, Mu Dan published the Explorer, Mu Dan's Poems (1939~ 1945) and Qi, which combined western European modernism with China's poetic tradition. His poetic style is full of symbolism and spiritual speculation, and he is the representative poet of "Nine Leaves Poetry School". After 1980s, many modern literature experts regarded him as the first person in modern poetry and a member of the Nine Leaves Poetry School. In the translation of foreign poems, the translation has a great influence on China's translation.
2. Is there any introduction about National Southwest Associated University? Who is a celebrity? During the Anti-Japanese War, National Southwest Associated University should be one of the few famous universities in China. At that time, it was composed of predecessors from Nankai, Tsinghua and Peking University.
Of course, National Southwest Associated University is a celebrity. But many of them became famous later, such as Chen Yinque, Feng Youlan, Wen Yiduo, Qian Zhongshu, Wang Li, Zhu Ziqing, Shen Congwen and Hu Shi. I remember that Zhang Boling was also the leader of the General Assembly at that time. Later, many famous people such as Dora, Yang Zhenning, Li Zhengdao and Deng Jiaxian also studied at the General Assembly. That's all I remember
I remember that there were many books about the life of the General Assembly in my previous textbooks, but I forgot who wrote them. That's a real pity.
I want to read some books about National Southwest Associated University. Once, a classmate strongly recommended Weiyang song to me and bought it for me personally, which made me feel guilty without reading it. But because it is a traditional straight version, the book is thick, and it seems very difficult to hold it in your hand. Maybe it's because of the Taiwan Province edition, the preface is too long, and I haven't got up the courage to read it all for several nights. I'm afraid I would have given up after reading the preface if it weren't for the enthusiastic comments and the attraction of the whole background of the story of National Southwest Associated University.
"Talking about National Southwest Associated University (up and down)" _ study times
Eight years in The National SouthWest Associated University episode 6: East Tibet-handed down from generation to generation.
History of Southwest Associated University
observe
The full text of a reading note written by Wang Zengqi to his classmates at National Southwest Associated University is as follows: At six o'clock in the afternoon, it is dusk in some people's hearts and sunset in front of others.
Jinxia, purple haze and pearl ash flooded the distant mountains and near the water, and the night really came and it was dark. The Tang Dynasty was the most luxurious day in the history of China. Everyone is young, full of energy and well-off, so they have done almost what no one before or after can do. From government agencies and social order to disks and paint boxes, they all showed their incredible health and beauty.
Of course, the best way to record luxury is poetry. But the most severe and sad title in history finally came into being-the late Tang Dynasty.
So we can see several portraits in the twilight-dark corners, the moss is wet first, the grass is cold first, no wonder Jia Dao is sensitive; Seeing the light and heat disappear, Han Yu wants to find something to shine on the long night; Indulge in the infinite evening scenery, it is Wen Feiqing and Li Shangyin who make face rouge with Rouge Mountain; Li Changji, on the other hand, stood at the window and looked at the sky, dizzy, pale and flying with all kinds of fantasies in his eyes. Changji could write poetry at the age of seven. If he had been born hundreds of years earlier, it would not be difficult to "see all the Chang 'an flowers in one day".
However, in his time, there was an atmosphere of "talking about people everywhere", and I'm afraid not many people would listen. I may have heard it and just sighed once or twice, but I still couldn't help it.
So he was never satisfied all his life. His title song "Huaxia" reads: "The autumn wind blows the grass long, and Huarong Biying is cold at night.
I am not proud of being twenty years old, and my heart is full of sadness and gratitude. Clothes are like quails, horses are like dogs, and Qi Lin's swordsmanship is like a bronze roar.
"Said is ugly enough.
When Shen Yazhi returned to Wujiang, he couldn't even afford the money to see him off. He could only "work hard", and his embarrassment was particularly conceivable. Although Changji went to "make a living", because people accused each other of their taboos at that time, and despite Han Yu's excuses, he did not rise to the first place. Probably (Mulai) is highly admired by people, which makes him miserable and leads a life of "thirsty for wine in the pot and hungry for millet".
"There is one person in Chang 'an who has a rotten heart." A mass of grief and anger can't control myself. So there is something "not surprising" in his poems.
For example, "My brother will stay at home for one more day in three years." (Youlu) (Youba Qulian) Today's wine is a book.
Sick bones can still exist, but there is nothing in the world? Why ask cattle and horses, vote for Ren Xiaolu. "No matter the syntax, composition, syllables and rhetoric, they are not far from the standard metrical poems, so they are comparable to Lao Du's works.
I think he usually writes such poems. I want to be an official and go out with ordinary literati. "This is a sad statement. It is covered with a brown hoe.
Learn to be a Yao and Shun writer, when people blame me for my failure. "Very credible.
But: "When will the eye of the sky open?" He saw it clearly: "Since the road is blocked, there is no need to go in vain." Only when "30 is not more than 20" is it still "I'm hungry during the day", so "I'd rather keep my mouth shut if I don't feel sorry."
He is destined to be a poet. Since he was a child, he was in poor health, so he couldn't "gather fifty states in Guanshan" and was willing to "find chapters and sentences and carve small tricks".
Han Yu and Huangfu are both "grandfathers". Li Changji's life is only 27 years, and his view of nature can't be the same as theirs. On the one hand, he is also limited by life, so he is willing to live his own life completely. Some of the Thirteen Poems of South Garden are quite interesting.
Such as: "spring water swallows newborn milk, and wasps fly home with small tails." The window contains a distant book, and the fish hold a fragrant hook near the Rocky Mountain. "
"Border soil today have Cai Yong, has no intention of cutting song lie. There is a bamboo book in Shennan, and I often go to Xitou to catch Weng. "
It can be said that anyone can write poems, but some people don't believe it, because Li Changji wrote these poems like ordinary people. Although "The Moon Hanging in the Distant Blue Sky" and "Long Wet Night Smoke" have revealed some dangerous news.
At this time, he did not intend to make his poems look like Li Changji. He decided that he could only live in poetry and use poetry to carry his life.
He will naturally write his own poems. As for Tang poetry in the late Tang Dynasty, there are the most suitable methods in any form and the best works in any subject.
Self-reliance is not easy. He naturally found another way.
He deliberately hides himself from reality. Whenever there is an intersection of sadness and joy, he doesn't show it directly, but mostly uses the topic to play. He was still awake at this time, and there was still a distance between him and the poem.
Later, he was bewitched by poetry, and jumped into it all by himself, blending in with poetry, and never finding himself out of it again. He must not be crazy.
Because times were so unfair to him, he couldn't help thinking of the past. There are many places where ancient Chinese characters are used in poetry.
The topic in front of him can't stimulate him, so he simply takes the old tune of Gu Yuefu as the topic. Some poems are obviously his own style, but the topics are always antique, such as Under the City of Peace, Cool Stream in the Evening, and Official Street Drum, all of which are "awkward" and divorced from reality. He is poor himself, so he hates extreme poverty.
He has a noble spirit. He likes to write about state affairs and will never allow himself to be a little shabby. His nobility lies not in his rich canon, but in his realm.
Every time I read: "White jade is cold around my waist", I feel that there is no second sentence to write "Night of your son". He even has many things in the sky, such as Dreams in the Sky and Ballads in the Sky.
This is unheard of before. As for God, that's what his heart yearns for.
Therefore, it is not surprising that there is a story of "Lou Yu going to a meeting". These are his escape ways, but he can't escape from this world, so he can't really be satisfied in another world.
Many empty things will definitely not be normal after being nourished. It's like eating cold food for a long life, and the result is a bizarre death.
It is no exaggeration to say that Li Changji is disgusted. He really looks like a thousand-year-old fox. He can't live if he spits out a panacea.
Of course, his spirit is abnormal and his poetry is extremely strange. His time was dark, which was the background of his poems.
He painted his dream on a piece of black paper; A thick green, a deep red, a golden, intertwined into an insoluble pattern. These patterns are full of magic.
These colors are what he yearned for, but they all existed before black, which was the color of the whole Tang Dynasty. Li Changji is a snake that eats grain and poisons itself.
5. What kind of person is Wen Yiduo described by National Southwest Associated University? What kind of person is Wen Yiduo described in Wen Yiduo in The National SouthWest Associated University? He is an excellent teacher, and his classroom teaching is full of poetry.
In order to create artistic conception, the course is specially transferred from morning to dim night, and poetry is told in the moonlight, which is also famous in teaching; It can also guide students to understand the beauty of ancient myths, Chu ci and Tang poetry. He is both a poet and a painter.
Can guide students to appreciate poetry from the standpoint of poets; Because I know western art very well, I can explain poetry and painting together, which opens a new realm of artistic comparison for students. He is a staunch patriot and an outstanding democratic fighter.
For the country and the nation, put life and death at risk, and finally die for the country. (2 points each, ***6 points) Extended reading, The National SouthWest Associated University Wen Yiduo taught three courses: Chu Ci, Ancient Myth and Tang Poetry in the Chinese Department of General Assembly, with novel arguments and rigorous textual research, which was very popular among students.
His ancient mythology class is illustrated with pictures and texts. He drew various portraits of Fuxi and Nu Wa with a whole piece of fringed paper, nailed them on the blackboard, and spoke with his fingers, which was vivid and colorful. Fuxi Nuwa was originally a boring topic, but after listening to teacher Fu's lecture, people felt a kind of beauty, the beauty of thought, the beauty of logic and the beauty of talent.
Therefore, not only students from the Chinese Department of the General Assembly and the College of Liberal Arts are competing to attend this course, but also students from the Institute of Technology. Wen Yiduo is a romantic poet. He will turn the lecture into a poetic process, so he changed the morning class to the evening.
At seven o'clock, the light came on. Wen Yiduo, wearing a dark gown, walked into the classroom with piles of manuscripts he had studied for several years. After the students stood up and saluted and sat down, Wen Yiduo also sat down; But I didn't start talking at once, but slowly took out my cigarette case, opened it and smiled kindly at the students: "Who smokes?" The students all laughed, and naturally no one would really accept such gentlemanly courtesy.
So Wen Yiduo lit one by himself, took a long puff on the cigarette and read in a very soothing voice: "Pain-drinking-wine-reading-Li Sao-is a famous scholar!" After that, he began to give lectures, sometimes full of interest. Wen Yiduo will prolong the time until the moonlight is all over the campus and he returns to his new south campus with cool dew. Wen Yiduo's lecture on Tang poetry is a popular class at the conference.
He used to be a poet, and his understanding of Tang poetry, his views and feelings are different from those of other scholars. Wen Yiduo appreciates the five-character quatrains most and thinks that the five-character quatrains are the best in Tang poetry. Twenty words are twenty immortals, and no one can make up for it.
Wang Zengqi said: "No one can speak Tang poetry like Mr. Wen Yiduo." Because Mr. Wen is both a poet and a painter, and he knows western art very well, he can combine poetry and painting to explain it, which opens a new realm for students. "
He speaks Tang poetry and does not copy the words of his predecessors. Let's talk about late Tang poetry and post-impressionist painting, especially "stippling".
Wen Yiduo was the first person to talk about Tang poetry by China in the way of comparative literature. Wen Yiduo especially appreciated Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" in the early Tang Dynasty. Wen Yiduo once commented on this poem as "the poem among poems, the peak on the peak" in the article "Redemption of Palace Poetry".
This poem has a strong aesthetic tendency, but it is a bit disillusioned and nihilistic. He Zhaowu commented: "The main trend of Mr. Wen's thought is consistent with his old age. He is a poet in essence, has a special feeling for beauty, and has a pack of enthusiasm from beginning to end, and has never changed in his life. "
There is such ethereal and beautiful poetry in Tang poetry, and there is a sense of nothingness in life disillusionment. More importantly, the human sufferings in Tang poetry can arouse Wen Yiduo's feelings. Wen Yiduo often tells students such things. After that, I will talk about the three officials and three parting between Tang poetry and Du Fu. He said angrily, "Why is China still so miserable after more than a thousand years? Worse than then? " Therefore, students have such an assignment, "An Open Letter to Chiang Kai-shek", which impressed them deeply.
During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, I was on pins and needles when I saw the country was so bad. In his letter to Cang Kejia, a student, he wrote: "I only feel that I am a volcano without eruption, and the fire is hurting me, but I have no ability to burst my shell and radiate light and heat." With 1943 as the time mark, Wen Yiduo walked out of his study, changed from a scholar to a passionate democracy fighter, and cooperated with the "Lion Roar" in many public places.
From 65438 to 0946, The National SouthWest Associated University began to go north in batches, and he resolutely stayed in Kunming for work needs. Under the white terror, Li Gongpu, a member of the NLD Central Committee, was assassinated on July 16, 2004. Wen Yiduo was in a very dangerous situation at that time, but he ignored life and death.
On July 15, he went to Mr. Li Gongpu's memorial service without hesitation. In the face of the Kuomintang spy, he was furious and delivered the famous "Last Speech" impassioned, expressing his firm determination to "step out of the gate with his front foot like Mr. Li, but not with his back foot". After the memorial service, he attended a press conference held by NLD in Democracy Weekly for the assassination of Li Gongpu.
On his way home that afternoon, he was killed by a Kuomintang spy who was under 48 years old.
6. Ask the school song of National Southwest Associated University to explain the school song of National Southwest Associated University.
Lyrics: Feng Youlan Composer: Zhang
After a long March, I resigned from the five dynasties palace, stopped for a while, and became a farewell. Never transplant what Zhen did. Li Yuan's blood spilled on Kyushu. Playing string recitation in the mountain city is very affectionate.
A thousand years of shame, when the snow; In the development of China, we should be outstanding. This is 13 households, which is difficult to fold. How difficult it is to pray for the country's luck and be patient and hopeful about the past. After the Japanese invaders were expelled and the gods returned to Beijing, Yan Jie returned.
1, Five Dynasties Palace Que ... refers to Beijing. Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing all took Beijing as their capital, and the Liao Dynasty
It is called Shangjing, the Jin Dynasty called the central part, and the Ming and Qing Dynasties called Beijing, the palace que, the palace where ancient emperors lived. history
Biography of Emperor Gaozu: "Emperor Gaozu was furious when he saw that the palace was very strong." Que, watchtowers on both sides of the palace gate.
2. Hengshan Xiangshui ... Hengshan is Nanyue (now Hengyang) and Xiangshui is Changsha, both of which are temporary universities in Changsha.
In this land.
3, absolutely ... absolutely, far; Attention (voice call), boundary, sleep. Absolute excitement refers to the distant frontier of Yunnan.
4, dry frame (or dry frame) ... frame (sound), hardwood; Dry (sound Jiangxi), trunk. many
In ancient times, wooden boards and columns used to build walls were said to be better than columns, because they could win important tasks with real talents and practical learning.
5. Kyushu ... Shangshuhe is called Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang and Yong Kyushu.
Kyushu here generally refers to China.
6, Li Yuan ... Li, many; Yuan, human; Li Yuan is a common people.
7. Try your best to recite this string ... try your best (tightly), even though; Jin, namely Hu Jia, Gu Sai Bei and Xi.
Pop wind instruments, blowing, common notes? Activities or cultural life; String recitation, stringed instruments and instruments used in ancient schools
Singing recitation poems with students generally refers to school teaching activities.
8. Mountain City ... It was Kunming at that time. After liberation, Kunming was called "Spring City" and Chongqing was called "Mountain City".
9, love "cut ...", more; Refers to the conference teachers and students living in Kunming, the environment is stable, but they serve the country.
Love is more urgent.
10, then 13 households, it is hard to fold ... then, even if. Cheng, the land of ten miles in ancient times, is one of them. three
There are only a few families in Judah. Even when fighting until only a few miles of land and a few families were left, I
Our ambition to defeat the Japanese invaders remains unshakable.
1 1, worried about how difficult the new national movement is ... Yin, affectionate; Yin sorrow is deep and excellent. New and updated (dynamic)
Words). The motherland is suffering endless disasters, and we must renew the destiny of the motherland.
12, energetic and patient, like previous philosophers ... moved, moved, inspired and inspired; Be tempted, inspire ideals, and cheer up.
Forbearance, restraint; Endurance, being able to control emotions when acting, and not being willful, is a firm goal. Be patient and emotional.
Be brave, be firm. Hope, communication, admiration and reverence; Philosophers, benevolent people have different opinions, and wise people have different opinions. This sentence
It means: when the country is in danger and the people are in trouble, we must cheer up, be firm in our direction and learn from our predecessors.
People with lofty ideals, follow in their footsteps and fight the enemy to the end.
13, restore the deep well ... restore, restore, restore; God, holy; Shen Jing refers to Beijing.
14, Yan Tuan ... Yan (), Yanshan Mountains near Beijing; Jie, Jieshi Mountain near Tianjin. Yan Tuan,
On behalf of Beijing and Tianjin.