The writers in Qing Dynasty were called the three masters of Lingnan as follows:
They were called "the three masters of Lingnan" and "the three kings of Lingnan". Qu Dajun, Chen Gongyin and Liang Peilan were the three famous poets in Guangdong in the early Qing Dynasty. All three poets were adherents from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, so they refused to cooperate with the Qing Dynasty. Their poems all praise the anti-Qing fighters in the late Ming Dynasty and expose all kinds of atrocities committed by the Qing army in the south. Their poems are realistic in style, describing the change of dynasties during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the constant wars and the sufferings of ordinary people.
Basic introduction
Chinese name: Qu Dajun: Wengshan,No. Feichi,No. Vegetable Garden; Date of birth: 163-1696; Native place: Panyu, Guangdong; Dynasty: adherents of the Ming Dynasty; Main works: Guangdong New Language and Beyond Weng Shan's Poems.
brief introduction to the concept
Qu Dajun, Chen Gongyin and Liang Peilan are famous poets in Lingnan in the early Qing Dynasty. Their works are highly ideological and artistic, and they are known as the "three masters in Lingnan".
The representative figure
Qu Dajun (163-1696) once shaved his hair as a monk, changed his name from vulgarity, traveled to the north, plotted against the Qing Dynasty, and "endured hardships and hardships". Poetry is a portrayal of his spiritual journey. He pretends to be a descendant of Qu Yuan, learning from Qu Yuan and Li Sao, as well as Li Bai and Du Fu. His poems are bold and unrestrained, stirring and high-spirited, soaring in grandeur, and full of heroism, which is unique among the adherents and even the whole poetry world.
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The Five Laws are excellent, calling themselves "more than white". Sigh of Great Harmony, Roaring Tiger, Mourning Vegetable People, etc. expose the atrocities committed by the Qing soldiers; Feeling for the Old Beijing, Crossing the Girder, Climbing to the Top of Luofu, etc. tell the sorrow of the rise and fall of the country; Mourning Shi Xiangguo's Tomb in Meihualing, Crying for Gu Ningren, and Giving Fu Qingzhu, etc. express their admiration for loyalty, and most of them feel at the time.
Poems that especially show firm national stance and anti-Qing will can be compared with Gu Yanwu's, such as "Wan Li's heart hangs in the mountains and seas, and the Millennium's blood shines on the Chinese people" ("Looking at the Tomb of Wenxin Country through Ziluo Mountain"), "I am a lonely minister who is more careless than a bandit" ("Ode to Guan Ning"), and "Seven feet are still strong today, so I can donate for the big man" ("Generation"
He is also full of confidence. "Even though the gray and cold will never die out, the gods will see it as a mirage" (Song of the Ancient Bronze Toad), "Gankun will eventually open up before it is destroyed, and the sun, the moon and the square will be new" (Gengwu Yuanri Zuo). His poems, such as "Looking at the Sea in Tongzhou", "The Wolf Mountain is full of grass, and the fish and the sea are dim and yellow. The sun and the moon are huffing and puffing, and the dry Kun is mixed. If there is no Han ambassador, there is a Qin emperor in the whip stone. When will Wan Li Fusangke return to his hometown? "
By hanging over the sea, I imagined the wonder and beauty, harbored the thoughts of the old country in the heroic spirit, and felt sad, but also wrote the heroic spirit of "detachment and independence". Chen Gongyin (1631 ~ 17) felt nostalgic for the past in his poems, expressing the sorrow of national subjugation and occasionally expressing his determination to regain his sight.
passionate and melancholy, he is good at the seven laws, Ye Zhong, Reading Qin Ji, etc., and is a famous work of the so-called "countless people". Liang Peilan (1629 ~ 175) was a Qing Dynasty official, and the origin of the loose-packed articles was different from that of Qu Dajun and Chen Gongyin. Poems were given to write landscapes with more rewards, and the seven ancient times were desolate and cool. The poems such as Yi Shui Hang and Yang Ma Hang wrote about social sentiments, which was meaningful and could be unique.
Influence significance
The "Three Masters of Lingnan" had a high position in the literary world in the early Qing Dynasty. At that time, they not only enjoyed high prestige, but also their source of loose-packed articles and handover style was typical. Influenced by traditional culture, how to be a man and how to make friends is very important. At the time of the Dingge Dynasty, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people paid more attention to the source of scholars. However, Qu Dajun, a adherent of Lingnan, acted spontaneously from beginning to end in the handover.
No matter whether the other party is an official of the Qing Dynasty who just entered the official career or a second minister who is quite criticized, he is willing to make friends. He is quite different from Chen Gongyin in this respect. Seventeen or eight years before Kangxi, Chen Gongyin was very cautious in handover, but great changes have taken place since then. Qu and Chen are two different types of representatives in this period.
At the same time, the transition of Chen Gongyin's handover attitude was also the most typical at that time. Adherents of Ming Dynasty and officials of Qing Dynasty can recognize each other's political choices. The special times have brought about the diversification of choices. Many people can separate justice from affair. Political opposition generally does not seriously affect the friendship between individuals. People's comprehensive attention to the elements of daily life is more important than their attention to the political elements.