There are many ways to help others, but few ways to help others, such as original text, annotation and translation.
Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people.
The city of three miles, the country of seven miles, was invincible when attacked by the Lord of the Rings. If the husband attacks it, he will get the right time; However, if you don't win, it's better to be in the right place at the right time.
The city is not high, the pond is not deep, the army is not strong, and there are not many meters; Entrusting it to others is not as good as human harmony.
Therefore, the people in the territory do not take the border, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the benefits of the world do not take the benefits of war. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. When there is little help, relatives will be there; Help more, and the world will be at peace. Take advantage of the world and attack your relatives. A gentleman wins without fighting.
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The weather and season conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation conducive to combat; The geographical situation conducive to combat is not as good as the will of the people and internal unity in combat.
A small town in Lisan, Fiona Fang, whose outer city is in Qili, Fiona Fang, is surrounded by enemies, but it can't win. Surrounding the city on all sides, we must get weather and seasons that are conducive to combat, but we can't win, because the weather and seasons that are conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation that is conducive to combat.
The city wall is not high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and equipment are not bad, and the food supply is not insufficient. However, the defending side still abandoned the city and fled, because no matter how good the geographical situation is, it is not as good as the people's will and internal unity.
Therefore, to make the people live and stay, we can't rely on the demarcated frontier, consolidate national defense, shock the world, and rely on the strength of force. A monarch who can do "benevolent governance" will have more people to help him, while a monarch who does not practice "benevolent governance" will have fewer people to support him. There are very few people who support and help him, and even relatives inside and outside will betray him; With so many people supporting and helping him, everyone in the world will submit to him. On the condition that all the people in the world submit to him, he attacked the king whose relatives opposed betrayal. Therefore, a gentleman can defeat the enemy without fighting.
To annotate ...
Weather: refers to the season and climate conducive to combat.
Geographical location: refers to the terrain that is conducive to combat.
Harmony between people: win people's hearts and unite from top to bottom.
Lisan City: the inner city of Lisan in Fiona Fang. City: inner city.
Guo: Outer city. A wall built outside the city.
Ring: around.
One: on behalf of this city.
And: conjunctive table transfer.
Husband: The first sentence is not translated.
And: Conjunction is progressive.
Weather: refers to the natural climatic conditions conducive to attack and war.
Yes: this one.
Also: the tone of judgment, "yes".
The city is not high: the city walls are not high. No: no.
Pool: moat.
Ge Bing: refers to weapons and equipment. Soldiers, weapons; Leather, armor, protective armor and so on.
Strength: strong and excellent. Professor: Very good.
Su Mi: Grain.
A lot: enough.
Committee: Give up.
and then
Go: Leave.
Refers to: pronouns, not "cities".
Yes: pronoun, this
Therefore: So.
Domain: used here as a verb to indicate restriction.
Relying on: relying on.
Boundary: A demarcated boundary. Seal, delimit. Frontier defense: border, border.
Consolidate: consolidate.
Country: national defense.
Shanxi: Mountains and rivers.
Risk: Dangerous geographical environment.
Female: Fu Wei.
Same: rely on, rely on.
Ge Bing: The original meaning is "weapons and armor", and the metaphor is "strength and military".
Enlightenment: Who and who is the monarch who practices "benevolent government"? This refers to the monarch. Tao, justice. The same below.
Eccentric: a monarch who does not practice "benevolent government"
Rarely: rarely.
Reach the extreme.
Pan: Through "rebellion", betrayal.
It means "here, here".
To: It means "extreme".
Shun: submission, obedience.
Hope to adopt
Get more help, lose less help, help the original text, and help translation.
More help from the Tao, less help from the Tao, means that if you stand in righteousness, benevolence and righteousness, you will get the support and help of most people; Violating morality and benevolence will inevitably lead to isolation. This paper sorts out the original text and translation of "more help when you gain the Tao, less help when you lose the Tao" Welcome to reading.
The original text of "Tao helps more, Tao helps less"
Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people. The city of three miles, the country of seven miles, was invincible when attacked by the Lord of the Rings. If the husband attacks it, he will get the right time; However, if you don't win, it's better to be in the right place at the right time. The city is not too high, the pond is not too deep, the army is not very profitable, and there is not much rice, so it is not as good as people and peace. Therefore, the people in the territory do not take the border, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the benefits of the world do not take the benefits of war. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. When there is little help, relatives will be there; Help more, and the world will be at peace. Take advantage of the world and attack your relatives. A gentleman wins without fighting.
Translation of "More help when you gain the Tao, less help when you lose the Tao"
The weather conditions conducive to fighting are not comparable to the geographical situation conducive to fighting, and the geographical situation conducive to fighting is not comparable to the will and internal unity of soldiers in the battle. Three miles inside the city, seven miles outside the city, attack it around, and you can't win. To encircle and attack it, we must get weather that is conducive to combat, but we cannot win, because the weather conditions that are conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation that is conducive to combat. The city wall is not high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and equipment are not bad, and the food is not small, but the defenders abandon the city and flee. This is because the geographical situation favorable to the battle is not as good as the will and unity of the people in the battle.
Therefore, we cannot rely on the boundaries of territory to calm people's hearts, to consolidate national defense, to deter the world, and not to rely on the strength of weapons and equipment. People who practice benevolent policies will have more people to help and support him, while those who do not practice benevolent policies will have fewer people to help and support him. With so few people helping him, all his brothers and sisters will betray him. So many people helped him that everyone in the world surrendered to him. With the condition that people all over the world submit to him, they will attack those who betray him physically and by their brothers. Therefore, those who practice benevolent government will either not fight or win.
The truth of "more help when you gain the Tao, less help when you lose the Tao"
1, from the standpoint of justice and benevolence, will get the support and help of most people;
2. Violating morality and benevolence will inevitably lead to isolation.
3. The article compares "the right time", "the right place" and "the harmony between people" step by step. It demonstrates the truth that "the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as the harmony between people".
The more help you get, the less help you lose.
Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people.
The city of three miles, the country of seven miles, was invincible when attacked by the Lord of the Rings. If the husband attacks it, it will be the right time, and if it is invincible, it will be the right place.
The city is not too high, the pond is not too deep, the army is not very profitable, and there is not much rice, so it is not as good as people and peace.
Therefore, the people in the territory do not take the border, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the benefits of the world do not take the benefits of war. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. If there is less help and more help from relatives, the world will be smooth sailing. Take advantage of the world and attack your relatives. A gentleman wins without fighting.
Explanation:
The weather and seasons that are conducive to combat are not comparable to the geographical situation that is conducive to combat, and the geographical situation that is conducive to combat is not comparable to the people's hearts and internal unity in combat.
A small town in Lisan, a city outside Qili, surrounded and attacked it, but could not win. Encircling and attacking it must be a favorable condition for obtaining the weather season, but it can't win, because the weather season conducive to combat is not as good as the geographical situation conducive to combat.
The city wall is not high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and equipment are not bad, and the food is not small, but the defenders abandon the city and flee. This is because the geographical situation favorable to the battle is not as good as the popular will and internal unity in the battle.
Therefore, we can't rely on the boundaries of territory to calm people's hearts, consolidate national defense, and deter the world from relying on the strength of weapons and equipment. People who practice benevolent policies will have more people to help and support him, while those who do not practice benevolent policies will have fewer people to help and support him. With so few people helping him, all his brothers and sisters will betray him. Many people helped him to the extreme, and everyone in the world surrendered to him. With the condition that people all over the world submit to him, they will attack those who betray him physically and by their brothers. Therefore, those who practice benevolent government will either not fight or win.
The original text, translation and appreciation of "more help when gaining the Tao, less help when losing the Tao"
Classical Chinese translation of ancient poems is one of the compulsory contents of the college entrance examination, so we should pay attention to accumulation in the usual learning process. The translation of ancient poetry should focus on literal translation, keep the meaning fluent, and pay attention to the characteristics of original words, sentences and expressions. The following is the original text, translation and appreciation of the book "More Help in Getting the Way, Less Help in Losing the Way" that I brought to you. I hope I can help you!
The original text of "Tao helps more, Tao helps less"
Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people.
The city of three miles, the country of seven miles, was invincible when attacked by the Lord of the Rings. If the husband attacks it, it will be the right time, and if it is invincible, it will be the right place.
The city is not too high, the pond is not too deep, the army is not very profitable, and there is not much rice, so it is not as good as people and peace.
Therefore, the people in the territory do not take the border, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the benefits of the world do not take the benefits of war. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. If there is less help and more help from relatives, the world will be smooth sailing. Take advantage of the world and attack your relatives. A gentleman wins without fighting.
There is a way to help, but there is no way to help.
The weather and season conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation conducive to combat; The geographical situation conducive to combat is not as good as the will of the people and internal unity in combat.
Li San Town in Fiona Fang, only seven miles outside Fiona Fang, surrounded and attacked it, but could not win. Surrounding the city on all sides, we must get weather and seasons that are conducive to combat, but we can't win, because the weather and seasons that are conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation that is conducive to combat.
The city wall is not high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and equipment are not bad, and the food supply is not insufficient. However, the defending side still abandoned the city and fled, because the geographical situation of the battle was not as good as the people's hearts and internal unity.
Therefore, the management of the people can't rely solely on the demarcated borders, the consolidation of national defense can't rely on mountains and rivers, and the conquest of the world can't rely on the strength of force. A monarch who can practice "benevolent governance" will have more people to help him, and a monarch who can't practice "benevolent governance" will have fewer people to help him. Few people help him to the extreme, and his brothers and sisters will betray him; With so many people helping him, the whole world will submit to him. On the condition that all the people in the world submit to him, they attack the helpless king who is opposed by even their own relatives. Therefore, if you don't fight, you win.
Appreciation of "more help when you gain the Tao, less help when you lose the Tao"
In this article, Mencius put forward weather, geographical location and human harmony, and compared them, pushing them forward layer by layer. Emphasize the importance of "harmony between people" with two "not as good". Mencius compared the three, emphasizing that all kinds of objective and many factors are inferior to the subjective conditions of human beings and the "human harmony" factor in the war, and it is people, not things, that determine the outcome of the war. The comparative argument is extremely impressive. Its tone is very positive, firm and unquestionable. He further demonstrated with two arguments and used negative parallelism. Taking the offensive war as an example, this paper expounds that "the weather is not as good as the geographical position", and a small town is surrounded by enemies, even if it has "the weather", which aims to show that "the geographical position" is more important than the weather; It shows that even in the case of occupying the "geographical position"-"the city is not high", "the pool is not deep", "the soldiers are not strong" and "the rice is not much", some people abandon the city and flee, because "geographical position" is difficult to compare with "harmony is precious". These two examples are not actual examples of war, but general, that is, except for special circumstances. Therefore, the debate has universal significance and certain persuasiveness.
In order to demonstrate the viewpoint that "the weather is inferior to the geographical position, and the geographical position is inferior to human harmony", he pushed the scope of his argument from war to governing the country, thus fully embodying Mencius' political views and making the article more universal. Secondly, "winning the Tao" can actually be understood as "winning people's hearts", that is, "harmony between people". Those who win the hearts of the people will submit to it, and they will be invincible wherever they go. Those who lose people's hearts will do the opposite and collapse without attack.
In his article, Mencius adopted the method of layer-by-layer argumentation and layer-by-layer depth, and directly put forward the central argument. Then, he used war examples to demonstrate that "the weather is not as good as the right place" and "the right place is not as good as human harmony", highlighting the importance of "human harmony". It is further clarified that in order to achieve "harmony between people", we must first "get the Tao". The full text closely revolves around the center of "human harmony", interlocking and reasoning at different levels, showing extremely strict argumentation art and strong logic. In this paper, parallelism and contrast are used to make the article magnificent, fluent in writing and rigorous in structure.
"There are many people who get the Tao, but there are few people who get the Tao", which is a famous assertion of Mencius. Mencius here refers to the man who has gained and lost his way, not to ordinary individuals, but to the king of a country. The king of a country is both the commander-in-chief of the war and the political leader. Mencius, by discussing the victory or defeat of the war, led to the view that "getting more help from the Tao and getting less help from the Tao". But in Mencius' view, "people's hearts turn back" is of fundamental significance to war and equally important to politics. Mencius said, "He who gets the people gets the world." There is a way to win the people: win their hearts and win the people. "Meaning, win the hearts of the people in the world first, win the hearts of the people first. The so-called "winning the hearts of the people" means winning the support, support and help of the people. The so-called "winning the world" means "ruling the world" through benevolent government, rather than striving for the world by force alone. Benevolence is to convince people with virtue, make them convinced and join in automatically; Persuading people with strength can't convince people. In Mencius' view, the way to win the world is to implement benevolent government. Because benevolent governance is the policy of "winning its heart".
So, how to "win its heart", that is, how to conduct benevolent government? Mencius put forward the idea of "protecting the people". Protecting people means caring for and protecting people. It requires the monarch to "gather what he wants with them without doing evil", that is, to accumulate what the people want for them without imposing what the people hate on them. What do people want? A rich and happy life, of course. Mencius believes that this is the fundamental focus of benevolent governance. Having done this, no force can stop the submission of the people's hearts and the whole world.
At the beginning of the article, the author puts forward the view that "the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as the harmony between people", and points out that "harmony between people" is the primary condition for defeating the enemy. "Harmony between people" means "helping more" and "obeying the world" mentioned below, that is, the support and support of the people, which embodies Mencius' political thought of "valuing the people but neglecting the monarch". Song Zhuxi's evaluation of this chapter is: "Yin Shi said: He who speaks the world wins the hearts of the people." Jiao Xun's annotation in the Qing Dynasty is: "Man is more important than heaven and earth, so Qiu Min is called the son of heaven." It can be seen that this chapter is not about war, but about people's hearts, and it is discussing the importance of implementing "kingly way" by war. Therefore, the article first compares the harmony between weather and geographical location, geographical location and people step by step, and points out that these three factors play different roles in the war; Finally, the conclusion that "those who gain the Tao will help more, and those who lose the Tao will help less" is deduced from human harmony to complete the argument of this paper.
At the beginning of this chapter, the central argument is put forward and proved by a very general war example. Then, it is proved theoretically, and the conclusion that "those who gain the Tao will help more, while those who lose the Tao will help less" is drawn, and the essence of "human harmony" is clarified. At the end of the article, the "gentleman" who won "human harmony" and "victory in the war" is the conclusion, highlighting "human harmony" is the most important condition to determine the outcome of the war.
The sentences in this article are neat, fluent, coherent and convincing. For example, when the author demonstrates that geographical position is not as good as human harmony, he first uses four parallel double negatives to fully develop the favorable conditions of "geographical position" possessed by the defender, and then makes a sharp turn to tell the result of failure, which makes the conclusion that "geographical position is not as good as human harmony" very convincing. For another example, when the author expounds his "Tao helps more", he also uses three negative parallelism sentences first, and naturally draws a conclusion; Then, through the comparison between "more help" and "less help", it is natural to deduce that "a gentleman can defeat the enemy without fighting."
How to get more help and how to lose it.
original text
Timing (1) is not as good as geographical location (2) and geographical location is not as good as human harmony (3).
The city of three miles (4), the country of seven miles (5), ring [6] and attack it. If the husband attacks it, it will be the right time, and if it is invincible, it will be the right place.
The city is not too high, the pool is not too deep, the army is not very profitable, and the rice is not too much, so it is not as good as people and peace.
Therefore, the people in China do not take the frontier, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the benefits of the world do not take the benefits of military revolution. Those who gain the Tao help more, and those who lose the Tao help less. If you can't help them, your relatives will help you. Help more, and the world will be at peace. Take the world at will and attack the pro-side, so the gentleman wins without fighting.
To annotate ...
(1) [when] refers to the weather season that is conducive to combat.
(2) [Geographical location] refers to a geographical location that is conducive to combat.
(3) People who fight are United internally.
[Li Sancheng] The inner city of Fiona Fang Li San.
[Guo] Outer city. A wall built outside the city.
[6] circumference.
Once a moat.
Being[ Ge Bing] refers to weapons and equipment. Soldiers, weapons; Leather, armor, protective armor and so on.
(9) [The Committee] gives up; Leave [go].
⑽ [domain] is used as a verb here, which means to limit.
(10) The boundary demarcated by [the government].
⑿ 【 consolidate the foundation and cultivate the yuan 】.
[13][ mountain stream] terrain; Mountains and rivers
[14] People who practice "benevolent government" refer to the monarch here, the same below.
⒂ 【 deviant 】 don't practice "benevolent" monarch.
To the extreme.
[⒄ around] Through "rebellion", betrayal.
Obey, obey
So deceptive.
Common words
Pan and Tong: "Rebellion", betrayal.
Different meanings of ancient and modern times
city
Ancient meaning: city wall
Modern meaning: city
pool
Ancient meaning: moat
Modern significance: small pool
commission
Ancient meaning: give up
Today's meaning: wronged and unwilling
country
Ancient meaning: national defense
Modern significance: country
relative
Ancient meaning: generally refers to internal and external relatives, including paternal relatives and maternal relatives.
Modern meaning: family or other members who are married or related by blood with their own family.
Go ...
Ancient meaning: leave
Today's meaning: go, arrive
region
Ancient meaning: used here as a verb restriction.
Modern significance: region
be
Ancient meaning: this
Modern Meaning: Judgment Verb
soldier
Ancient meaning: weapons
Modern meaning: soldiers
however
Ancient meaning: this is actually
Modern meaning: a conjunction indicating a turning point.
polysemy
profit
The weather is not as favorable as the geographical location
Soldiers' leather is not strong or sharp.
about
From the city three miles away.
Help as much as possible.
The world is synonymous with appropriateness, which refers to people who understand Tao.
translate
The weather and season favorable to combat are not comparable to the geographical situation favorable to combat, and the geographical situation favorable to combat is not comparable to the will and internal unity of soldiers in combat.
Fiona Fang's three-mile inner city and Fiona Fang's seven-mile outer city were surrounded and attacked, but they could not win. To encircle and attack it, we must get weather and seasons conducive to combat, but we can't win because the weather conditions conducive to combat are not as good as the geographical situation conducive to combat.
The city wall is not high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and equipment are not weak and sharp, and the food is not small, but the people guarding the city abandon the city and flee. This is because the geographical situation conducive to combat is not as good as the will of the people and internal unity in combat.
Therefore, people are restricted to settle in one place instead of relying on national boundaries; Consolidating national defense does not depend on the risks of mountains and rivers; Deterrent the world, not force. Many people help and support a benevolent monarch, but few people help and support an unkind monarch. Too few people help him, and relatives inside and outside will betray him. So many people helped him that everyone in the world surrendered to him. On the condition that everyone in the world submits to him, he will attack the monarch who has been betrayed by his relatives both inside and outside. Therefore, the benevolent gentleman wins without fighting.
What is the original text of?
original text
Mencius said: "the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as human harmony." The city of three miles, the country of seven miles (2), ring and attack it. If the husband attacks it, he will get the right time; However, if you don't win, it's better to be in the right place at the right time. The city is not high, the pool is not deep, the army is not strong, and the rice is not too much; Committee (5) and go, is the geographical advantage is not as good as people and also. Therefore, the people in the territory do not take the border, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the benefits of the world do not take the benefits of war. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. When there is little help, relatives will be there; Help more, and the world will be at peace. Take advantage of the world and attack their relatives; Therefore, the gentleman defeated the enemy without fighting. "
To annotate ...
① Weather, Location and Harmony with People: Gou Wang Ziba said: "A simple and incompetent farmer will never lose his weather and location, he will gain harmony with people and never lose everything." Gou Zi's "good weather" refers to farming time, "favorable location" refers to fertile soil, and "harmony between people" refers to division of labor. The "timing" mentioned by Mencius here refers to the timing and climate of fingertip soldiers; "Geographical location" refers to steep mountains and rivers and strong cities. "Human harmony" refers to human will and internal unity. ② Sanli City and Qili Country: the inner city is called "city" and the outer city is called "country". The ratio of inner and outer cities is generally three miles in one city and seven miles in one country. ③ Pool: moat. (4) Soldiers: Weapons refer to offensive weapons such as spears, knives and arrows. Leather: Leather refers to armor. Ancient armor was made of leather and also made of copper and iron. Committee: Abandoned. Domain people: limit the people. Territory, boundary and shore: the same as "rebellion" is: or, or.
translate
Mencius said, "The climate and geographical position are not as good as harmony between people and Qi Xin. A small town with three walls inside and seven walls outside cannot be broken under siege. Since we are besieged on all sides, there will always be a good time or place, but we can't break through. It can be seen that the good time and place are not as good as people. On the other hand, the city wall is not high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and armor are not extremely strong, and the food and grass are not insufficient, but they still abandon the city and flee. It can be seen that the favorable terrain is not as good as Qixin cooperation. Therefore, border sealing can't control people, Jiangshan can't save the country, and sharp weapons can't become the world. People with morality get more help, while people without morality get less help. When there are few people to help, even relatives will betray; When the number of people who help is extremely high, all people will obey. To attack those who will betray their loved ones with the power of universal obedience will inevitably defeat the enemy without fighting. "