Mind map (about verse 1. How to recite ancient poems with mind map?
Take the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao as an example;
In the past, the yellow crane carried saints to heaven, but now only the yellow crane tower is left;
The yellow crane will never come, and the white clouds will never fly without him;
Every tree in Hanyang becomes clear in the water, and Parrot Island is a nest of herbs;
But I looked home, and the twilight was getting thicker. The river is shrouded in mist, which brings people deep melancholy.
1, first understand the meaning of the content:
The ancient immortals all walked on the Yellow Crane, leaving only the empty Yellow Crane Tower. The yellow crane never revisited earth, white clouds have been floating in the air for thousands of years. On a clear day, you can clearly see the endless stream of Sichuan water flowing in the forests of Hanyang, and the grass on Nautilus Island swaying with the wind. In the evening, I can't see my hometown clearly, only the vast smoke waves on the river, which makes people sad.
2. Draw the key words in the poem:
In the past, the yellow crane carried saints to heaven, but now only the yellow crane tower is left;
The yellow crane will never come, and the white clouds will never fly without him;
Every tree in Hanyang becomes clear in the water, and Parrot Island is a nest of herbs;
But I looked home, and the twilight was getting thicker. The river is shrouded in mist, which brings people deep melancholy.
3. Then, use mind map to express the meaning of these keywords in segments:
4. Once again, practice reciting the article by reading the mind map.
Finally, don't read the mind map, recite the article according to the impression of the mind map.
Longer poems can help us remember quickly with another skill of "first sentence" Similarly, you should read the article out loud first, get familiar with the content, then take down the first word of each sentence in order, and string them into a story by using the association method of meaning or homophonic.
2. Mind mapping of ancient poetry
(A), describing the ancient poetry of spring
China's ancient Yuefu poem Long Songs is colorful.
In the Tang Dynasty, He's "Singing Willow" is decorated with jasper, which is as high as a tree and hangs down thousands of strands of moss. I don't know who to cut it for, but the spring breeze in February is like scissors.
Tang Hanyu presented eighteen members of Zhang Shui Department in early spring. The sky was crisp with rain and the grass was far and near. The most beneficial thing is the spring of the year, which is better than the smoke willow of the emperor.
Tang Hanyu's Chun Xue failed to flourish in the new year, but it was surprising to see grass buds in early February. When the snow comes in late spring, she wears a court tree as a flying flower.
Stone "Two Scenes in the Late Spring River" has three or two peach blossoms outside the bamboo, and the Spring River warms the duck prophet.
(2) Ancient poems describing Xia.
Song Zhao Shi Xiu's About It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond. It's past midnight, and the invited guests haven't come yet. I tapped the chess pieces bored and shook the wick of an oil lamp.
In the early Song Dynasty, the quatrains in summer have turned red and purple into dust, and the cuckoo sounds new in summer. It was during my endless journey in Sang Ma that I realized that I was a peaceful person.
Song Xin Qi Ji's "Xijiang Moon" The bright moon surprises magpies, and the breeze sings at midnight. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance. In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year. In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge.
After all, the scenery of the West Lake in mid-June is different from that at four o'clock. Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun.
3. The mind map of homesick ancient poetry includes what else the author wrote.
Fisherman's Pride Qiu Si Song Dynasty: Fan Zhongyan left the scenery strange, Hengyang geese went without observing.
Around, the sound of the horn sounded, thousands of miles away, and the long smoke closed. A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan hasn't come home yet.
Qiang tube covered with frost, people do not sleep. The general was white-haired and in tears. Introduction: Yueyang Tower in Song Dynasty: Fan Zhongyan celebrated the Spring Festival in the fourth year, and Teng stayed in Baling County.
In the second year, the government was harmonious and everything went smoothly. Is to rebuild Yueyang Tower, add its old system, and engrave Tang Xian's poems on it.
It belongs to the composition to remember. (Tong Tong: Residence) wins in Baling and wins in Dongting Lake.
Take a distant mountain, swallow the Yangtze River, and make a vast soup, boundless; It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which was prepared by predecessors.
But the northern martial arts, the Antarctic Xiaoxiang and the poets who moved abroad will all be here, and they will look at things very well. If it rains, the moon will not open, the evil wind will howl, and the turbid waves will be empty; The sun, moon and stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden; Business travel is bad and ruined; Twilight is boundless, tigers roar and apes crow. When you go to the temple building, you are homesick, sad, sad and sad.
(hidden work: hidden glory; Yin Yutong: torrential rain) to Ruochun and Jingming, the waves are calm, and the sky is up and down, and it is a blue sky; Sha Ou Ji Xiang, swimming in the brocade scale; The coast is blue and green. Or the long smoke is exhausted, the bright moon is thousands of miles away, the light is shining, the static shadow is sinking, and the fishing songs are answered. How happy I am! When you arrive at Dunsi Building, you will feel relaxed and happy, forget the humiliation, and leave the wine in the wind, which will make you feel happy.
Hey, honey! Is it to taste the heart of the ancient benevolent, or to do something different? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. It's worrying about going in and going out.
But when will you be happy? It must be said, "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." Hey! Wes, who are we going home with? September 15th, six years.
4. quatrains, ancient poems, eschatology, Jiang's mind map
The quatrain will be Shan Li.
Author: Du Fu
Jiangshan bathed in spring, how beautiful, flowers send flowers.
Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach.
To annotate ...
1 evening: refers to spring.
② Mud melting: When spring comes, the frozen mud melts, soft and wet.
Yuanyang: A beautiful waterfowl, hermaphroditic birds often appear.
translate
Jiangshan is bathed in bright spring, bringing the fragrance of flowers and plants.
Swallows are busy building nests with wet mud in their mouths, and Yuanyang sleeps in the sand.
Make an appreciative comment
Wang Sishuang, a member of Amin Dynasty, retorted in Du Yi: "Yu Yue said: The first two sentences (referring to heaven and earth) are not doing business properly, and the last two sentences are not suitable for seeing everything. Isn't it enough to feel the joy in my heart? " Wang's opinion is right. This description of spring scenery, with beautiful pictures and soft style, can arouse readers' love for spring.
"Evening Day" comes from the Book of Songs in July: "Spring comes late." In spring, the sunshine time is getting longer and longer, and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. As the saying goes, "The early days are getting warmer and longer" (Ouyang Jiong's Good Spring). The poet begins the whole article with "sunset glow", which highlights the characteristics of sunny spring and flourishing everything, and organically combines the images and images described in the poem to form a bright and harmonious spring color picture. You see: the sun shines, the water is clear and the mountains are green, the vegetation is reviving, and everything is reviving. The breeze brings the freshness of flowers and spring grass. On the beach, by the stream, the ice and snow melt, the soil is wet and soft, swallows fly around lightly, holding the soil to build their nests, but muttering to themselves. Warm water and warm sand, beautiful and affectionate mandarin ducks embrace each other and sleep, which is very charming and lovely. Swallow is a kind of migratory bird, and the poet described it as deliberately highlighting the characteristics of spring. The first two sentences "Sunset", "Jiangshan", "Spring Breeze" and "Flowers and Plants" constitute a big scene outlined in bold lines, and the end of the sentence highlights the poet's strong feelings with "beauty" and "fragrance". The last two sentences are detailed pictures, which are not only dynamic descriptions of swallows flying, but also static portrayal of Yuanyang sleeping. Swallow's busyness contains the vitality of spring, while Yuanyang's leisure reveals the tenderness of spring, and the dynamic and static set each other off. And all this is bathed in warm sunshine, harmonious and beautiful, which really gives people a feeling of spring.
Tao Yu, a Qing Dynasty man, said that Du Fu's brushwork was exquisite and he could "paint with poetry" (saying Du Fu). This poem can prove it. But the beauty of this five-element poem is not limited to "painting with poetry", and the poet deliberately conveys the soft spring he feels. If late spring, beautiful scenery, breeze, flowers, swallows and mandarin ducks are all felt by poets with vision, touch (wind) and smell, then the "melting" of soil and the "warmth" of gravel are not the direct feelings of the five senses. It is precisely because of the sunny spring, beautiful wind and fragrant flowers that the poet can imagine the looseness of the soil and the warmth of the gravel without touching it; The melting of mud and the warm experience of sand deepened the lightness and casual visual impression of Feiyan, and made the poet's whole body and mind immersed in the soft, harmonious and spring atmosphere.
5. Mind mapping of ancient poetry in late village.
This poem shows a shepherd boy riding a cow and coming home late, which really reaches the realm of "painting in poetry". This poem describes the night scene in the countryside: in a pond surrounded by grass, the water in the pond is full and the sun is about to set. The red fireball seems to have been eaten by the mountain (set) and reflected in the cold ripples of the pool water. The boy who drove the cow home sat on the cow's back and played piccolo carelessly. The poet used local materials to form a rural night scene with great interest in life.
Write the background in the first two sentences of this poem. The first sentence "the pond is full of grass" means that the festival is in late spring and the pond is full of grass. Drawing lessons from the famous sentence "Spring grass grows in the pond" in Xie Lingyun's "Climbing the pond upstairs", the word "full" is easy to "live", which shows the difference of festivals. "The water is full of evil" means that it coincides with the rainy season, so the water rises very high. Write the sunset in the distant mountains. The sunset hanging on the top of the mountain and Du Fu's "spit on four hills" are vividly expressed with a word "title". Another word "immersion" says that the setting sun and green hills are reflected in the water, much like Wang Anshi's sentence "The northern mountains lose their green and rise horizontally". The poem centers on the pond, where the grass is green and the water is clear as water, setting off the green hills and the sunset, and the middle is maintained with the word "immersion", making the pond look very lively and colorful.
In such a quiet and beautiful background, the protagonist, the shepherd boy, appeared. He rode an ox to the village, playing piccolo in his hand. Compared with the tranquility of the previous two sentences, these two sentences are very lively. The shepherd boy rides an ox, not riding straight, but sitting sideways; He didn't play the flute seriously, but "played without a cavity." As a result, the naughty and naive expression of the shepherd boy is vividly presented to the readers, which is refreshing.
The picture of the poem is not big, but the scenery is concentrated on the pond, and the screenwriter is concentrated on the shepherd boy. They all put pen to paper around the word "village night", introducing people to the beautiful rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River, and making people yearn for the leisurely and quiet rural life. Prior to this, Zhang Shunmin's poem "Village Residence" had the sentence "No one lies on the cow's back at sunset, which leads west Western jackdaw home in pairs". Compared with this poem, a childlike shepherd boy appeared in the picture, replaced by a crow on the back of a cow to show the desolation of the village at night. The same rural scenery, because the poet's mood is different, the pictures taken are different, one is full of interest, the other is melancholy and lonely, so the poet has the saying that "all scenery words are sentimental words"
6. Du Fu's biographical mind map
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai.
Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. [1][2] In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Da Du Li", and Du Fu is often called "Lao Du".
[1] When Du Fu was a teenager, he traveled to wuyue and Zhao Qi successively, during which he also visited Luoyang. After thirty-five, I came first and last in Chang 'an. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and presented them to the nobles.
The frustration of officialdom witnessed the extravagance and social crisis of the upper class in the Tang Dynasty. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Tongguan fell, and Du Fu moved to many places.
In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the whole life and the affairs of the country. He created famous works such as Up the Mountain, Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells.
Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals. The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure".
Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
[3] In the winter of the fifth year of Dali (770), Du Fu died at the age of 59. Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry".
Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
7. Du Fu's Biographical Mind Map
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. [1][2] In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Da Du Li", and Du Fu is often called "Lao Du". [ 1]
As a teenager, Du Fu traveled to wuyue and Zhao Qi successively, during which he also visited Luoyang. After thirty-five, I came first and last in Chang 'an. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and presented them to the nobles. The frustration of officialdom witnessed the extravagance and social crisis of the upper class in the Tang Dynasty. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Tongguan fell, and Du Fu moved to many places. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the whole life and the affairs of the country. He created famous works such as Up the Mountain, Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu. [3]
In the winter of the fifth year of Dali (770), Du Fu died at the age of 59. Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.