Feng Wang
Feng Wang
The "Wang" here is the abbreviation of "Wang Ji", that is, the direct ruling area of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, which generally includes Luoyang, Yanshi, Gongxian, wen county, Qinyang, Jiyuan and Mengjin. "Feng Wang" is the folk songs collected in these places. There are 1 articles on "Feng Wang", which are counted as: Mi Li, Gentleman in Service, Gentleman Yangyang, Yangzhishui, Zhong Gu You Heng, Rabbit Heng, Ge Jie, Cai Ge, Cart and Hemp in the Hill.
during the eastern Zhou dynasty, the emperor of Zhou lost his original suzerain status, and was not only unable to control the vassal States, but also bullied by powerful vassal States, and his territory shrank day by day. However, at the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Zhou Dynasty had to pose as a son of heaven and make a conquest of the so-called "rude" vassal States, but all ended in failure.
Because of the frequent expeditions in the early period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the luxury of big noble's life, it was necessary to intensify the oppression and exploitation of the people in their own areas. Under the heavy burden of military service and labor, people generally feel that the world is going downhill. Most of the 1 "Feng Wang" articles reflect the people's pain and resentment.
Millet separation
The original text
When a millet is separated, it is the seedling of a millet. Walking is decadent (1), and the center shakes (2). Those who know me call me worried; If you don't know me, what do I want (3). Heaven is long, who is this?
when the millet leaves, it is the ear of the millet. Walking is decadent, and the center is drunk. Those who know me call me worried; If you don't know me, what do I want? Heaven is long, who is this?
if you are separated from your millet, you will be the real one. Walking is decadent, and the center is choking (4). Those who know me call me worried; If you don't know me, what do I want? Heaven is long, who is this?
note
(1) decadent: the appearance of slow action.
(2) Shake: You look uneasy.
(3) what to seek: what to seek.
(4) Choke (yē): Food blocks the throat.
translation
Look at the luxuriant seedlings of millet, and sorghum is gradually sprouting new seedlings. Walking slowly, my heart is sad and restless. People who know me say that I am sad. People who don't know me say what I am asking for? High above the green God, can you understand my mind?
Look at the millet growing apart from the seedlings, and the sorghum ears are growing. Walking slowly is like getting drunk. People who know me say that I am sad. People who don't know me say what I am asking for? High above the sky, can you understand my mind?
Look at the millet, which is far from the seedling, and the sorghum ears are red. Walking slowly hurts like choking in my heart. People who know me say that I am sad. People who don't know me say what I am asking for? High above the sky, can you understand my mind?
Analysis
This is a poem about the rise and fall of a country. Zhou Youwang was cruel and heartless, and dogs invaded the capital. The abused and forced people had a hard life and suffered from war. The poet was not only sad when he saw the crops everywhere, but also thought of the situation of the imperial court. "Heaven, who is this?" It is not only appealing to heaven, but also accusing the imperial rulers of their rule. He also expressed his opinions in court, but he was not understood by the king, so he sighed, "Those who know me call me worried;" I don't know who I am, what do I want? " The whole poem euphemistically tells his dissatisfaction with the state affairs with overlapping sentences, and repeatedly sings his thoughts of the old country and his sorrowful heart for the country. "Millet separation" has also become an allusion to lament the national subjugation and lyricism.
A gentleman is in service
The original
A gentleman is in service (1), and I don't know its date. (2) to zai? Chickens inhabit the hills (3).
it's evening, and the sheep and cattle come down. The husband served in the distance, taught me how to think of him?
a gentleman is in service, and it will be a long time (4). What are the advantages? Chickens live in Jie (5).
it's evening, and the sheep and cattle are included (6). If a gentleman is in service, is he hungry?
Note
(1) Service: refers to corvee or military service.
(2) when and why?
(3) 右 (shí): chicken nest.
(4) I don't know the date of return.
(5) Jie: It refers to wooden stakes.
(6) including: it means that cattle and sheep get together.
translation
My husband went to serve in a distant country, and I don't know when he will return. Where is he now? The chicken has already entered the nest.
it will be late when the sun goes down, and cattle and sheep will go down the mountain to the village yard. How can I miss my husband when he goes to serve in a distant place?
the husband goes to serve in a distant place, and there is no time limit. I don't know when the reunion will take place, and the chickens have been in the fight.
the sun gradually set, and the cattle and sheep went home from the mountain. My husband is going to serve in a distant place. I hope he doesn't get hungry.
Analysis
This is a poem in memory of her husband who served in a distant place. The poet Gao Shi once said, "* * * The south of the city is heartbroken, while soldiers at the northern border vainly look toward home." It shows the pain of lovesickness. The poem does not focus on describing women's emotional changes, but describes the most common still life, in which the sunset, chickens, cattle and sheep are used to pin women's deep feelings and feel the deep feelings one after another in the ordinary.
Although the whole poem is short, it is full of scenes and scenes, and it explains the feelings of missing her husband with the most ordinary things. It has also become the object of numerous poems competing to imitate. For example, Cao Zhi's "Give a White Horse to Wang Biao", "Yuan Ye and depression, the day suddenly disappears in the west. Returning birds to Qiao Lin, flapping their wings. " Another example is Pan Yue's "Widow Fu" in the Jin Dynasty: "When it is warm, it is faint, and the day is awkward and the west is hidden. The birds flew away, and the chickens landed and gathered their wings. " Everyone uses the most common scenery to describe their feelings.
Yangyang, a gentleman
Original
Yangyang, a gentleman (1), holds the spring in his left hand and moves me from the room in his right hand (2), which is only fun!
Tao Tao, a gentleman, holds the position of Yao (3) on the left, and recruits me from Ao (4) on the right. It's only fun!
Note
(1) Yangyang: He looks smug and happy.
(2) From the room: for pleasure.
(3) à o: dance equipment made of feathers.
(4) ao: the same as "roaming", that is, roaming.
Translation
My husband is elated and sings loudly with a spring in his left hand. My right hand invited me to have fun and dance to my heart's content.
My husband is happy and happy, dancing with a handle in his left hand. My right hand invited me to play and sing and dance to my heart's content.
Analysis
This poem describes the happy life of husband and wife who invite each other to play. This is a unique theme in the poem 3, which is different from other poems describing the husband's sorrow and abandonment of his wife's resentment. It is rare, if not unique, to write about the loving life of husband and wife. This poem has a brisk rhythm and a general content, and outlines a happy life scene of couples playing songs and dances through a few strokes. It is simple and touching to convey this happiness to every reader through his wife's tone.
Yang Zhi Shui
Original
Yang Zhi Shui (1) does not flow to pay (2). His son did not defend (3) with me. I'm pregnant, I'm pregnant, and I'll return the moon!
Yang's water does not flow (4). His son won't defend himself with me. I'm pregnant, I'm pregnant, and I'll return the moon!
Yang's water does not flow (5). His son won't keep promises with me. I'm pregnant, I'm pregnant, and I'll return the moon!
Note
(1) Yang: melodious, describing the slow appearance.
(2) Salary: firewood. A bundle of firewood.
(3) guard: guard.
(4) Chu: shrub, namely Vitex negundo.
(5) Pu: Puliu.
translation
The water in Xiaohegou flows eastward, and bundles of firewood cannot be washed away. The man from afar can't stay in Shenguocheng with me. Miss you, miss you, when can I go back to my hometown?
The water in Xiaohegou flows eastward, so it can't flush bundles of Vitex negundo. That distant person can't * * I guard Fuguocheng. Miss you, miss you, when can I go back to my hometown?
the water in the small river ditch flows eastward, so it can't flush the bundles of willow branches. That distant person can't guard Xu Guocheng with me. Miss you, miss you, when can I go back to my hometown?
Analysis
This is a poem in which soldiers who are far away miss their wives. According to Preface to Mao's Poems, "Water of Yang" stabbed Wang Ye. People in the Zhou Dynasty complained that they were far away from their mother's house without caring for their people. " In the Spring and Autumn Period, the authority of the Zhou Emperor weakened, and the power of the vassal state became strong. Zhou Pingwang's mother was a Shen, and Shen was often harassed by Chu. Therefore, for the safety of his mother's old country, Zhou Pingwang transferred some troops from the Zhou Dynasty to the strategic location of Shenguo to station troops to prevent the invasion of Chu. These Zhou Dynasty soldiers were far away from their hometown to guard the land that was not their vassal state. Of course, their dissatisfaction was revealed, and a poem was formed, which was "Water of Yang".
The poem consists of three chapters, all of which are basically the same. The poetry is simple and honest, which truly expresses the true feelings of soldiers from the lower classes. At last, the soldier said what was in his heart: "Huai zai?" Will the moon be returned? " Are the relatives at home safe? When and when can I get together with my family? The feelings of husband and wife, the thoughts of homeland, the sufferings of distant defense and the voice of injustice are all melted in these two questions, which deeply shocked the readers.
there is a vine in the valley
the original
there is a vine in the valley (1), and it is dry (2). There is a female divorce (3), and it is sighing. Alas, it is difficult to meet people.
there is a bitter taste in the middle valley, so it's too late (4). When a woman is divorced, Article (5) screams. It' s awkward, and it' s awkward to meet people.
the middle valley is wet (6). A woman was abandoned, sobbing and weeping. Sip its tears, why not (7).
Note
(1) Heng (TuΡ): the name of the plant, also known as Leonurus japonicus.
(2) linden (hàn): Drought refers to the withered appearance of plants.
(3) separation (pǐ): separation.
(4) xiū: dry and dry.
item (5): look frustrated.
(6) wet: dry.
(7) He Jieyi: It means to be remorseful.
Translation
A motherwort tree in the mountain has withered roots and Ye Er.
A woman was abandoned with a sigh.
with a sigh, it's hard to get married!
A motherwort tree in the valley has dry roots and Ye Er.
A woman was abandoned, sighing and crying.
It's really annoying to marry a wicked man with a long sigh!
a motherwort tree in the valley, its roots and leaves are as dry and yellow as fire.
a woman was abandoned, sobbing and crying.
I burst into sobs and tears, so I regret telling whom!
Analysis
This is a sad song of abandoned women. The whole poem consists of three chapters, each of which has similar meanings. It is repeated and chanted, highlighting the theme: women are miserable, sad and angry when they meet people. The woman chose a spouse carelessly, married an ungrateful husband, was finally abandoned, and ended up feeling sorry for herself, which also showed the humble status of women in ancient China. At the beginning of each section of the poem, motherwort in the valley rises and withers in the mountain, which is a metaphor for the bitter experience of women being abandoned. Every sigh at the end of each chapter makes people feel sorry for each other.
Rabbit
Original
There are rabbit (1) and pheasant (2) in Romania. At the beginning of my life, there was no one who died after I was born. Still sleepy (3).
there are rabbits and pheasants (4). At the beginning of my life, it was not made; After I was born, I was worried about it. Still awake.
there are rabbits, and pheasants are separated from cockroaches (5). At the beginning of my life, it was nothing; After I was born, I suffered a lot. Still sleepy and not smart (6).
note
(1) hence: the appearance of freedom.
(2) separation: it is a false word, and it is a "suffering".
(3) Nothing (é): not moving.
(4) (fú): a net with a mechanism.
(5) 艰 (ch 艰 ng): a net for catching birds.
(6) Wu Cong: I don't want to hear it.
Translation
The wild rabbit is free, but the pheasant falls into the net. I heard that when I was young, there was no war or disaster. Since I grew up slowly, I have suffered all kinds of disasters and worries. Hope to fall asleep rather than wake up.
The wild rabbit is free, but the pheasant falls into the net. I heard that when I was a child, there were no corvees and no disasters. Since I grew up slowly, I have suffered all kinds of disasters and worries. Hope to fall asleep rather than wake up.
The wild rabbit is free, but the pheasant falls into the net. I heard that when I was young, there was no labor and no disaster. Since I grew up slowly, I have encountered all kinds of disasters. Hope to fall asleep rather than wake up.
Analysis
This is a poem written during the war. The poet wrote the scenes of "at the beginning of my life" and "after my life" by contrast. It reflects the darkness of the society at that time and all kinds of disasters of corvee and servitude. He hoped that he would stay awake and unconscious for a long time to avoid these disasters. This also reflects the people's psychology of being oppressed and distorted during the war years. It can be seen how deep the people suffered at that time, which made them feel that they wanted to die and did not want to live.
Gezi
Original
Gezi continously (1), in the river (2). The brothers and sisters have been separated, and the heart and desolation of the father's heart. Call someone else's father, and I don't care!
the continuous kudzu is at the foot of the river. The brothers and sisters have been separated, and the mother's heart is sad. Call someone else's mother, and I have (3)!
kudzuvine, in the river (4). The ultimate brothers are called others (5). Call others Kun, don't I smell (6)!
note
(1) arrowroot (lěi): a vine vine.
(2) Waterfront.
(3) There are: "friendship", closeness and friendliness.
(4) Kui (chūn): River banks, waterside.
(5) Kun: Brother, brother.
(6) smell: ask and greet.
translation
kudzu vine, which stretches continuously, was born on the bank of the river. Stay away from my brothers and call others father.
although I call him my father, he doesn't care about me. The kudzu vine keeps growing. Grow on the bank of the river.
stay away from my brothers and call others mother. Although she is called mother, she never helps.
kudzu vine grows on the bank of the river. Stay away from my brothers and call others brothers.
although I call him my brother, he never cares about me.
Analysis
This is a sad song sung by people who depend on others. Zhu Xi's Biography of Poems says: "When the world decays and the people are scattered, some people go to their hometown families, while the displaced people write this poem to sigh." Get the message. There are three chapters and six sentences in the poem. It is a metaphor for the miserable life of vagrants when they grow up by the water. Without the love of parents and brothers, away from their loved ones, infinite sadness and desolation can be vividly seen on the paper. The poet is straightforward in expressing his feelings, and his sentences are simple but touching, showing the sorrow and indifference of the world.
Ge Cai
Original
Pi Cai (1) Ge Xi, if you don't see him for a day, it's like March Xi!
I haven't seen Xiao Xi for a day, like Sanqiu (2) Xi!
I love you! A day without seeing, such as three years old.