"Beautiful mountains and rivers, countless heroes bend their backs". Our great motherland has a vast territory, a long history and picturesque scenery. For thousands of years, countless people with lofty ideals have shed their heads and blood for her; There are also many emperors who will disown her six relatives and eat each other's flesh and blood. But who is the real hero? Who is the real owner? It is the people and the working people. Comrade Mao Zedong's poem "Spring and Snow in Qinyuan" vividly shows such a picture: only when the fate of the people of China is in the hands of the proletariat can there be a bright future; Like rivers and mountains after snow, magnificent.
author
Mao Zedong (1893- 1976), a native of Shaoshan, Xiangtan, Hunan, was a great proletarian revolutionary, strategist, politician and poet. In more than half a century's revolutionary practice, he, together with the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries, used the great truth of Marxism to lead the people of China in an arduous revolutionary struggle, thus establishing a socialist revolution.
◎ Background
1In February, 936, after Japanese imperialism invaded the three northeastern provinces, it extended its claws to North China. Chiang Kai-shek catered to the demands of Japanese imperialism and continued to implement the policy of non-resistance. This country and nation are at a critical juncture of life and death. At the same time, Zunyi Conference established Mao Zedong's leading position in the whole party and army. Comrade Mao Zedong led the Red Army's Long March troops to Yuanjiagou, Qingjian County, northern Shaanxi Province, and prepared to cross the river and March eastward. Go to the anti-Japanese front. In order to investigate the terrain, Comrade Mao Zedong boarded the snow-covered Yuan Shang at an altitude of 1000 meters. When the great rivers and mountains of "thousands of miles frozen" were displayed in front of him, he couldn't help but be filled with emotion, poetic and enjoyable, and wrote this bold poem "Qinyuan Spring Snow".
[Overview of knowledge]
sound
1, extra: fen (fèn) cannot be pronounced fē n.
2, enchanting: Rao (ráo) can't read yá o.
3. omitted: (xê n) cannot be pronounced as sū n.
4. Genghis Khan: Sweat can't be read as sweat.
5. Let bygones be bygones: ju (jū) can't be pronounced as jù.
6. Calculate romantic numbers: the number (shǔ) cannot be pronounced as sh ǔ.
7. Today: Chao (zhāo) can't read chao.
◎ glyph
1, Qin: "Qin" cannot be written as "secretion"
2. Wei Yu Mang: "Wei" cannot be written as "Wei"
3. Competitive: "Competitive" cannot be written as "competitive"
4, literary talent: "talent" can not be written as "color"
◎ Words:
1, Terrace: Terrace formed by flowing water in the Loess Plateau in northwest China, with steep surroundings and flat top.
2. Broad: This word refers to infinite meaning.
3. Tim: Right away.
4, must: wait.
5, enchanting: gorgeous and colorful.
6. Bend: Bow and fall. This word means praise and praise.
7. Loss, loss: Both have the meaning of difference and loss.
8. Coquettish: It originally refers to Guo Feng in The Book of Songs and Li Sao in The Songs of the South, and generally refers to culture in a broad sense.
common sense
Poet Mao Zedong.
Comrade Mao Zedong is both a revolutionary and a poet, and 43 of his poems have been published. They are mainly lyrical in form, and he is good at expressing the theme clearly in rich associations and scenes, achieving a high degree of artistic harmony. Poets express their feelings in the scenery, express their ambitions with metaphors, shape their images and are full of associations. First of all, he often associated the description of natural scenery with people's environment and mood at that time. Second, he often associates it with people at that time.
"Spring and Snow in Qinyuan" is a classical poem. Ci is a kind of China's poems, also known as Yuefu, long and short sentences, superfluous poems, Qin songs and so on. In fact, it is a kind of metrical poem with irregular sentences. Words can be divided into poems, middle tones and long tones.
[Content Analysis]
Manage context.
This word is a lyric of the word "snow". The first part is about the magnificent snow scene in northern China. It grasps the three actions of "seeing, thinking and seeing" to praise the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and melt feelings into the scenery. The second part focuses on lyricism and discussion, and transitions to commenting on ancient and modern figures with the word "quotation" to express the poet's ambition.
◎ Distinguishing structure (structural schematic diagram)
Thousands of miles are frozen, and Wan Li is snowing (abstract)
Uptown: the snow scene in the north is only passing, lost, silver snake and wax elephant (specific)
(lyrical scenery) dressed in red, especially enchanting (imagination)
Leading countless heroes to leap (lyrical)
Xia Kun: Comment on the ancient theory, but regret that Qin Huang denied Hanwu (discussion)
Look at today's praise (lyricism, discussion)
Explore meaning
This poem is magnificent in spirit and profound in connotation. The first one is about the snow scene in the north, and the second one is about the ancient and modern emperors. Together, they form a broad realm of time and space, construct a perfect image with great ingenuity, and also show the spiritual sustenance of a proletarian revolutionary. The author's real intention in writing this word should be to praise the proletarian people. That is to say, today's proletarian people are the real heroes. Comrade Mao Zedong summed up historical experience and stressed that the fate of China must be in the hands of the proletariat and the working people, and the China Revolution can only be won by the proletariat and the working people.
The purpose is to praise the proletariat. Why write a book on snow scenery and comment on the emperor?
"The scenery in the north is freezing for thousands of miles, and the snow is drifting in Wan Li". The author wrote a lot of snow scenes in the north of China in winter. However, his eyes did not stop at the snow scene blindly, but through the magnificence of mountains and rivers in the snow, he gave full play to his rich and unique imagination and showed the beauty of the sun shining on the earth on the vast picture scroll of ice and snow: "Dressed in red, extraordinarily enchanting". It is precisely because there are so many mountains and rivers.
In Countless Heroes, the author lists five feudal emperors, including Qin Shihuang, Han Wudi, Emperor Taizong, Song Taizu and Genghis Khan, and evaluates them with "pity", "slight loss", "slight inferiority" and "only knowledge", and objectively evaluates their shortcomings with euphemistic and implicit tone and humorous tone. These historical figures have made some progress in their respective times. They are worthy of being giants of history. Unfortunately, they have more martial arts than literary talent, that is, they lack achievements in literacy. The torrent of history swept them away. Only today's proletarian masses are the real driving force to promote historical progress and the well-deserved masters of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. Only in this way can the motherland prosper and make the Chinese nation stand on its own feet among the nations of the world and make due contributions to mankind. Therefore, the author's description of the scenery is the basis of the lyrical discussion later.