It snowed in Wuzhong last night, and Ziyou was in good spirits.
Thousands of miles of floating clouds roll over the blue mountains, and a lonely moon flows in the middle of the blue sky.
The lonely moon is in the Canglang River in the Han Dynasty, and the Beidou is scattered in the Chang Gengming Dynasty.
The night when Huaiyu drank wine was white with frost, and the jade bed and golden well were towering with ice.
Life is fleeting for a hundred years, but love must be enjoyed for eternity.
You can't learn how to fight cocks, just sit and let your breath blow the rainbow.
You can’t imitate Ge Shu. He walked across Qinghai at night with a knife, and slaughtered a stone fortress in the west to get a purple robe.
Reciting poems and writing poems in the north window, ten thousand words are not worth a glass of water.
Everyone in the world turned around when they heard this, just like the east wind hitting a horse's ear.
The fish’s eyes also laughed at me, saying they were the same as the bright moon.
The Hualiuquan can't eat, but the donkey can't help but sing in the spring breeze.
"Zheyang" and "Huanghua" merged into popular customs, and the king of Jin listened to Qin in vain and listened to "Qingjiao"②.
Who is willing to harmonize with "Ba Ren" and "Yangchun"? The land of Chu still comes with cheap Qi Pu.
When all the gold is gone, the transaction cannot be concluded, and the white-headed person is taken lightly because of his Confucianism.
Every conversation and laughter loses its color, and flies and clams make slanderous noises.
Could Zeng Shen be a murderer? The three slanderous words shocked the loving mother.
Discussing with the king and holding his hand, what is the honor and disgrace?
Confucius Sheng still heard that Feng Lin was injured, Dong Long③ is even worse!
A life of pride, hardship and disharmony, kindness and sparseness, good work and good will.
Yan Ling bows to the emperor of Han Dynasty, why should he hold a long sword and lean on the jade steps.
To be rich is not expensive enough, and to be poor is not sad enough.
Han Xin was ashamed and sent Jiang Guanbi to the throne, but you were ashamed to kill Gu'er.
If you don’t see Li Beihai, where is your heroism and heroism now!
If you don’t see Pei Shangshu, the earthen tomb is three feet tall and filled with wormwood and thorns!
The young man has longed for the five lakes. Go and see this general with bells and cauldrons sparse.
[Note] ① Fox ointment: fox oil. Raccoons are good at hunting chickens, and if you apply raccoon paste on the chicken's head, it will make the opponent's chickens become timid after smelling it. Golden spur: The spur is a chicken claw, and the chicken claw is equipped with metal thorns to make it sharp. ② Qingjiao: It is said that the tune was composed by the Yellow Emperor. Its sound is solemn and solemn, and it can only be played to talented people. "Han Feizi·Ten Guo" records that in the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Ping of Jin Dynasty had poor moral character, but he forced Shi Kuang to play for him. As a result, there was a heavy storm, the curtains were torn, and Duke Ping was frightened and fell ill. There was a severe drought in Jin for three years. ③Dong Long: Dong Rong, the favorite minister of the former Qin lord Fu Sheng, has the nickname "Dragon" and is treacherous and fierce.
Li Bai's friend Wang Twelve wrote a poem titled "Drinking Alone on a Cold Night with Feelings" as a gift to Li Bai. Li Bai wrote this poem in response, expressing his feelings heartily.
The first eight sentences of the poem are narrative, imagining the scene when Wang Twelve misses himself. The poet did not point it out directly, but cleverly borrowed allusions from the Eastern Jin Dynasty Prince You's visit to Dai to hint. Wang Twelve and Wang Ziyou have the same surname. The former is a friend in the cold night, and the latter is a friend in the snowy night. The situations are similar. Dai Andao and Wang Ziyou were both famous people at that time. The use of this allusion also means that the poet himself and Wang Twelve have noble characters.
In order to set off Wang Twelve’s beautiful feelings for his friends, the poet also beautifully described the environment when Wang Twelve was pregnant with his friends. Originally, the sky was full of floating clouds. When Wang Twelve Huaiyou's "good news" came out, the green mountain-like floating clouds suddenly rolled up. The lonely moon hung in the sky, the Milky Way was clear, the Beidou was jagged, and the clear night gave people a sense of wonder. The feeling of cool night like water. Under the bright moonlight, the ground was covered with night frost and was crystal clear. The railings beside the well became a "jade bed" and the well became a "golden well". Even the surrounding ice was rugged and jagged, creating an extraordinary scene.
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"Life is fleeting for a hundred years, but we must enjoy eternal love" is a transitional sentence. It not only inherits the above "feeling for wine", but also initiates the expression of emotion below. Below, the poem is divided into three levels, expressing the poet's eternal feelings eloquently.
The first level, from "You can't learn cockfighting with raccoon paste and golden distance" to "There are still cheap and rare people from Chu land", laments the reality of the confusion of right and wrong.
At the beginning, the poet wrote that the villain was in power, and used two "You can't..." in a row. His emotions burst out and his contempt was unstoppable. When writing about cockfighting disciples, the four characters "liquid paste and golden distance" are used to describe their ugly behavior of racking their brains and striving to win by surprise in order to please the emperor. "Sit back and blow the rainbow" uses a comic style to depict the arrogance and stupidity of the chicken boy. Li Bai also objected to those who seek credit for massacres by force, "Wandering Qinghai at night with a knife, slaughtering stone forts in the west to get purple robes." In just two sentences, the image of a fierce warrior appeared on the page.
Then write about the situation where the talented people with lofty ideals are oppressed. To benefit the world with knowledge is what poets yearn for. However, their talents often cannot be used by the world. "Everyone in the world turned around when they heard this, just like the east wind shooting at the ears of horses." This vividly depicts the situation of talented people who are not understood and not valued.
The poet is very indignant towards this social reality. He used two popular allusions as metaphors. One is a fool. The word "laugh" is used to personify "fish eyes", which compares the talented poet to a bright moon pearl, and then laughs at it. The stupidity of the villain's success is vividly portrayed.
The second is to use Hua Liu and Jian donkey as metaphors for wise men and mediocre people. This is also very common. Jia Yi's "Ode to Tribute to Qu Yuan" says: "The cows are driven away in the air, and the donkeys are galloping; the ears are drooped, and the salt carts are riding." Here, Li Bai further used the word "quanxiao" to write that a good horse is suppressed and difficult to stretch. The situation of the scene is expressed in "Ming Spring Breeze" to describe the proud expression of the lame donkey. The contrast between the two creates a particularly vivid effect. Ordinary folk classics, once written by poets, can glow with wonder and splendor.
Finally, I wrote that the reason for this kind of reversal of virtue and stupidity in real life is that the ruling group is immoral and ignorant. To describe their unclear vision, an allusion to He Shibi was used. When writing about their deafness, an allusion to listening to music was used. Not only could they not understand the music of "White Snow in Spring" and the tune of "Qing Jiao", but they were also unworthy of hearing it, just like the virtuous Duke Ping of Jin.
The second level, from "The gold is gone and the deal cannot be made" to "Three slanderous words and the mother is shocked", describes the situation of being slandered and slandered.
Li Bai really wanted to display his talents and ambitions through extensive contacts. But "there is no deal until all the gold is gone", I have experienced all the hardships of the world, and I am always slandered by villains like flies with their sweet words. Slanderous words are terrifying, just like how Zeng’s mother heard the rumor that “Zeng Shen killed someone” three times and believed it to be true.
The third level, below "discussing with you and holding your hand", writes the poet's attitude and future plans.
"Conversing with you and holding your hand", the poet revealed his heart by talking to his old friend. Facing the reality, he decided to disregard honor and disgrace and be ashamed to associate with villains. At this time, the poet's emotions also changed from the previous ridicule to anger and injustice, with the poetry ups and downs and sudden turns. "Sage Confucius still heard that Feng Lin was injured." A saint like Confucius could not realize his ideals in the prosperous age, let alone me? "Dong Long is even more of a chicken and a dog." Favorites such as Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong of Dong Long's generation were also What the heck! The poet was in a depressed mood and could not calm down, so he lamented that "I have been proud and miserable throughout my life, but I have been kind and generous and good at work." Then, the poet compared talented people such as Yan Ling, Han Xin, and Mi Heng to show his noble personality and open-minded mind that were arrogant and unyielding. The poet allows his emotions to flow freely, like the Yangtze River, which has a natural beauty of surging waves. It can be said that the poet's laughter and anger are all turned into articles, and his heroic spirit overflows from his writing.
Finally, write down your future plans: wander around the world and stay away from the dirty court. The use of two sentences in a row "You can't see..." echoes the previous "You can't..." and "I have a heart-to-heart talk with you...", making the atmosphere of heartfelt conversation even stronger. Li Yong and Pei Dunfu, Li Bai's contemporaries mentioned here, were killed by the prime minister of the dynasty. Li Bai raised their experience as an example of the confusion of right and wrong, and expressed indignantly: "Seeing this, the general Zhong Ding Shu will be ignored." ". The poet's upright and unscrupulous spirit gives the poem a dazzling brilliance.
Yes, Li Bai had long planned to go boating on the five lakes, but there was a prerequisite for his retreat, which was that he had to wait until "the way to serve the king is fulfilled and the righteousness of honoring relatives is completed" ("Dai Shoushan's Reply to Meng Shaofu" Transfer documents"). Now, since I haven't been able to make a vigorous career to "serve the emperor and honor my relatives", of course I won't really go into seclusion. The so-called "pan five lakes" and "sparse bells and tripods" are just his angry words to vent his complaints and dissatisfaction.
Chen Yu from the Song Dynasty said: "It is not difficult to write the form, but it is difficult to write the heart." ("Zang Yi Hua Fu") This poem expresses the poet's own inner world. object. The poem is mainly an argumentative monologue. This kind of argument is not an abstract or conceptual preaching, but "lined with emotion and rhyme" (Qing Dynasty Shen Deqian's "Shuo Shi Xuyu" 60), which focuses on revealing the inner world and portraying the inner world. The poet's self-image has distinctive personality characteristics. Even when expressing the resentment of being slandered and being unable to achieve his ambitions, his passion is like fire and his heroic spirit is like a rainbow, which expresses the poet's spirit of being a prince in the earth, being rich and noble in the clouds, and not collaborating with the rulers. At the same time, due to the poet's profound and unique sensitivity to life observation, this poem reflects the dark reality of the Li and Tang dynasties' political reversal of virtue and ignorance, and the relationship between the wise and the nefarious in the Li and Tang dynasties on the eve of the Anshi Rebellion. The whole poem has a strong emotional color, gushing out in one breath, and has an overwhelming momentum. Reading it makes people's hearts beat.