The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is graceful and quiet, but it doesn't look ridiculous from a distance. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Lotus love, who is the giver; Peony love is suitable for many people.
Flowers of all kinds of vegetation on the water and on the ground are lovely. Tao Yuanming in Jin Dynasty only liked chrysanthemums. Since the Tang Dynasty, people all over the world like peony very much. I only like lotus flowers-lotus flowers grow out of mud, but they are not polluted by mud; Wash with clear water, but it doesn't look enchanting; (Its stem) is hollow inside and straight outside, without (winding) vines and (also) without (escape) branches; The fragrance spreads far, making it more fragrant; It stands upright and is clean in the water. You can see it from a distance, but you can't play at close range.
I think chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers, peony is a rich one in flowers, and lotus is a gentleman in flowers. Alas! Tao Yuanming seldom heard of this hobby of chrysanthemum after that. Who else is like me for the love of lotus? Of course, there are many people who love peony!
Lotus is the object of admiration in literati's works throughout the ages, but most literati are amazed at its beautiful posture and simple appearance and shape it into a pen; However, this excellent essay has a unique way. Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus flower, it praises the faithful character of the lotus flower, and also shows the author's noble personality and generous mind.
From the content point of view, this paper can be clearly divided into two parts: the first part tries to describe the image of hibiscus noble; The second part reveals the metaphorical meaning of the lotus, comments on three flowers and expresses the author's deep sigh for the lotus itself.
In the first part of the article, I wrote that the beauty of lotus lies in its "net" character. First of all, "Lotus grows out of mud without being stained, and lotus grows out of hibiscus without being demon" writes the valuable spirit of lotus growing out of mud without being stained, which does not follow the secular, self-love and naive nature. Secondly, it is "straight outside and straight inside, not loose", which shows its noble quality of being connected inside and outside, straight outside and inward, consistent outside and inward, and not involved in clinging; Once again, "You can watch from a distance, don't play with it", and write that Lotus is like an arrogant gentleman, and will never be lightly played by Shu Ren.
Everything mentioned above is actually a portrayal of the author's personality and a self-evident mind, which can be proved from the second part of the article. As the author said, "Who gave the lotus love?" The subtext is that there are too few people with pure lotus flowers like him.
In terms of writing, the two novels have a common feature, that is, they express their will by supporting things. Starting with "getting out of the mud without staining", the article depicts the bearing and style of lotus flowers with strong colors, which places the author's affirmation and pursuit of ideal personality, and also reflects the author's contempt for the secular mentality of pursuing wealth and fame and his pursuit of a clean and honest life. At the same time, the article also uses the method of comparison and contrast, and compares the beauty of lotus with chrysanthemum and peony several times in the article; It also compares the seclusion of chrysanthemum, the wealth of peony and the nobleness of lotus, so that one of the themes of "Love Lotus" can be deepened, without empty preaching, but through the comparison of three images, it plays a role in highlighting the center and deepening the artistic conception, and the technique can be described as extremely ingenious. Moreover, the word "love" runs through the whole article, which makes the article structure rigorous.
This poem is also very distinctive in language, that is, it is beautiful and concise, and it is indeed as beautiful as a lotus-"no branches and no vines", and there is no superfluous and useless language.
Zhou Dunyi, the word Mao Shu. His official position is not high, and his academic position is not prominent. When he joined the army as the coach of Nan 'an (now Dayu), he was sentenced to send his two sons, Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, to study abroad. Later, Cheng Cheng became famous, and their teacher Zhou Dunyi's knowledge was recognized by people. In the Southern Song Dynasty, under the admiration of Zhu, Zhou's academic status was higher and he was called the founder of Neo-Confucianism. In the history of China's philosophy, Zhou Dunyi was the first of the "four schools" in the Song Dynasty: Lian (Hunan Zhou Dunyi), Luo (Zhang Zai, Luoyang), Guan (Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Guan Zhong) and Min (Fujian Zhu).
He loves reading since he was a child and is quite famous in his hometown of Daozhou Yingdao. People say that he is ambitious, knowledgeable, practical and has the demeanor of the ancients.
Because of his extensive reading, Zhou Dunyi came into contact with many different kinds of ideas. He dabbled in Indian Buddhism from hundred schools of thought in the pre-Qin Dynasty to China in the Han Dynasty, which laid the foundation for him to study China's ancient wonderful book The Book of Changes and establish his innate world view.
At the age of fifteen, I went to Beijing with my mother and went to my uncle Zheng Xiang, who was studying in Longtuge at that time. This uncle is very kind to Zhou Dunyi and his mother.
When Zhou Dunyi was twenty years old, his uncle asked the emperor to play things and got him a position of supervising the country.
Zhou Dunyi worked hard during his tenure and won the hearts of the people. In life, Zhou Dunyi began to study the Book of Changes, and finally wrote his important book "Tai Chi Hui Yi Shuo". It puts forward a system of the origin of the universe.
Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties occupies an extremely important position in the history of China's philosophical thought. Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties was mainly based on Confucianism of Confucius and Mencius, which absorbed the essence of Taoism and Confucianism in many aspects and gradually became the dominant philosophical thought in China feudal society.
Zhou Dunyi was the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhou Dunyi's position was discussed in Song Dynasty and An Dynasty: after Confucius and Mencius, Han Confucianism only studied Confucian classics. Sex has been whispered for a long time. With the rise of Yuan Gong and the inheritance of the second generation, great scholars emerged in Hengqu, and sages were knowledgeable.
Yuan Gong here is Zhou Dunyi, and Yuan Gong was his posthumous title. This passage clearly affirmed Zhou Dunyi's position as the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. He often travels with monks and Taoists, playing the piano and reciting poems.
His knowledge and tolerance also moved many people to follow him. Of course, the most famous ones are Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao.
Cheng Yi later recalled that when he was young, he was tired of the official career of the imperial examination because he listened to Zhou Dunyi's sermon. Determined to learn and explore the Confucian Saint Wang Zhidao.
After Zhou Dunyi's death, with the inheritance and development of Cheng Yi and Cheng Lin's philosophy, his reputation became bigger and bigger. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi's ancestral halls began to be established in many places, and people even held him in the same position as Confucius and Mencius, thinking that his achievements were covered between Confucius and Mencius. Therefore, the emperors respected him as an ethics teacher.
And Zhou Dunyi did achieve the demeanor of a generation of scholars with practical actions before his death. His personality and thoughts have been admired by people for thousands of years.