Author: Bao Zhao
There are many miscellaneous trees in the atrium, most of which are plum trees.
Why are you alone?
Reading frost can make flowers, but dew can make them solid.
Shake the spring breeze to charm the spring day and miss the cold wind.
Only frost, no frost.
Precautions:
1. Atrium: In the courtyard.
2, consultation: praise.
3. Jun: refers to people who are biased towards Mei Zizhen. This sentence is a question under the guise of miscellaneous trees: why only appreciate plum blossoms?
4. It refers to Mei. Making flowers: flowering. Solid: solid. The following is the poet's answer. Plum blossoms can bloom in frost, bear fruit in dew, and are not afraid of cold.
5. 2: refers to miscellaneous wood. Frost flower: the flower in frost. China flush. These three sentences mean that miscellaneous trees can only sway in the spring breeze and bloom in spring. Although some trees can bloom in frost, they are scattered with the cold wind and have no cold resistance.
Appreciate:
Plum blossom falls is a song that blows horizontally. Among Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems, Bao Zhao's Plum Blossom Fall is an earlier one. The content of the poem is to praise plum, but the author doesn't say plum first, but wakes up with the miscellaneous tree and is the only plum. The poet said that there were many miscellaneous trees in the court, and he just appreciated plum blossoms. If the reader looks down again, the first sentence not only plays the role of queuing, because the effect of queuing makes the high higher and the low lower, which leads to the injustice of the miscellaneous trees, so he can't help but ask why you are a person. The theme of this question is miscellaneous trees. The unique character and the partial character are closely linked, which pushed the question to the poet, who answered it very readily, because plum blossoms are not afraid of cold, frost and snow can bloom, and cold dew is strong. This is the reason for praise. But in order to illustrate the extreme and unique, and to let the questioner (miscellaneous tree) know something about himself, he went on to say: Thinking of you, you can only show off in the spring breeze and compete for beauty in the spring. Even some flowers can bloom in first frost, but they are scattered with the cold wind, and finally they have no cold-resistant quality. Is the so-called cold and hot, prosperous, spring rhyme (Bao Zhao's "History"). In contrast, it is biased towards the word "Mei Zi", which has been comprehensively and forcefully expounded.
In the Ming Dynasty, Zhong Xing said such a poem: Like a child, like an old man, Miaomiao ("Ancient Poems Return"). This comment is quite insightful and intriguing. This poem has a simple structure. One or two sentences directly express your own views, and the third sentence leads to the following statement as a transition. The text is straightforward and there is no state of carving and rendering. For example, the description of Mei has no static posture, oblique shape, no fragrance, and no high standard rhyme. It is just plain and unpretentious. It is said that flowers can be made in frost and flowers can be made in dew. Its rhyme, also with emotion and meaning, has five words and seven words; It rhymes with flowers and Chinese characters, and rhymes with real characters and Japanese characters (the origin of Shen Deqian's ancient poems), which is novel and simple. In such a simple, simple, casual and natural form, it is really childish for poets to talk about things that are not very new. However, if you think about it and think about it, it is not without emotions, which shows the meaning of praise and criticism. It has been in my mind for a long time, so it is not a matter of opinion to have a clear point of view and answer the question immediately. Today, painting Mei Zhu is full of gloom (Zheng Banqiao's Mei Zhu). The painter's heart is in the painting, and the poet's heart is also hidden in the poem. According to Biography of Southern History, (Bao) tasted the meaning of (Liu) without knowing it. He wants to express his ambition in poetry, but people no longer say: Lang's position is still very humble, you can't despise the king. Zhao was furious and said, "There are thousands of talents, which are unheard of. How can we count it clearly? " ! Can a gentleman accumulate wisdom so that Ranaire can't tell the difference and follow the birds all day long? So he wrote poems (volume 13 of Southern History). This passage can not only give readers a glimpse of him, but also help to understand the poem. If Ao Shuang's plum blossom alone is a portrayal of those humble, ambitious, lonely and unyielding people, it can also be said that it is a reflection of the poet's self-image. Then, the miscellaneous trees scattered in the cold wind are the artistic symbols of dirty little people who keep pace with the times and have no integrity. The poet compared them and gave them unequivocal praise and criticism. On the one hand, it reflects the poet's distinct love and hate, and his honest heart. On the other hand, it also shows his attack and struggle against Ranai, a unique world style. Mr. Xiao Difei once said: Bao Zhao was born in humble background and brilliant. Born in Ding Yu, he ran the road of life and death. My own experience is an excellent theme of Yuefu, tragic and intense, so I did the most and did the most (History of Yuefu Literature in Han, Wei and Six Dynasties). Although this poem is an ode to things, its life experience, ideal personality and interest are all integrated into it. As far as the above is concerned, it also shows its characteristics of generosity, vitality and sophistication. So, that childish comment was really wonderful.
Bao Zhao presented Ye Fan's poems.
Poems for Ye Fan
Author: Bao Zhao
The postman who came to meet the north broke the plum blossom and gave it to his friend in the mountains.
There is no better gift in Jiangnan, and flowers will send spring.
Precautions:
1, post: a messenger who delivers letters and documents.
2. Longtou: Longshan, northwest of Longxian County, Shaanxi Province.
Translation:
I happened to meet a messenger when I was folding plum blossoms.
So I gave the flowers to your good friend at Longtou.
Jiangnan is nothing (you can give it to each other).
Send you a plum blossom that indicates spring.
Appreciate:
There are more than a thousand Ling Mei Ci poems in ancient and modern times. The earliest one was "Give Fan Wow" by Lu Kai in the Jin Dynasty, which was converted into plum blossoms and given to the people in the dragon head. There is no better gift in Jiangnan, and flowers will send spring. According to the Records of Nanxiong Prefecture in Zhili, there is a Meigang in the south of Nanxiong City, which is a poem of folding plum leaves to welcome the post. Song Shaoxing county magistrate Li Qi rebuilt this post station. In the Qing Dynasty, Dai Xilun, Daoguang Zhizhou, wrote a poem "Send Mei Tie": A spring can be given as a favor to Yanqing, Zhou Nan. The beauty is that you don't have to pay the bill, and the fragrant wind collects it.
Lu Kai was from the Three Kingdoms period. History of the Three Kingdoms. "Lu Kaizhuan" contains: Lu Kaizhi, the word respects the wind, and Wu people are also. Samson, the prime minister. Huang Wei, director of Yongxing Zhuji, ruled all traces and worshipped Jianwu as a captain. Although he led the troops to unify the army, he never let go of his books. In Hongwu, in addition to the satrap, he made meritorious deeds for the Pearl Cliff and moved Jianwu to be a captain. The reflection of the three kingdoms "The Biography of Sun Quan" contains: In the autumn and July of the fourth year of the Red Wu Dynasty, general Nie You and a captain Lu Kai led 30,000 troops to beg for the Pearl Cliff.
This poem was written when Lu Kai led his troops south to conquer Meiling. He boarded the army Meiling despite my busy schedule, just as Ling Mei was in full bloom, and immediately looked back at the north among the plum blossoms, thinking of Fan Wei, a good friend of Gansu, and happened to meet a messenger who went to the north, and there was a scene of giving a plum to a friend. Although he unified the army and the masses, he appeared in front of readers as a scholar who could not put it down.
"Give Fan Wow" has only 20 words, expressing sincere friendship in simplicity and elegant artistic conception in plain. As a symbol of plum blossom, the branches of spring indicate to people that beautiful spring is coming, and wish people's beautiful wishes can be realized.
Who's Ye Fan? In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a Ye Fan who wrote the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, but he was nearly 200 years away from the Three Kingdoms. This is definitely not this Ye Fan, but another Ye Fan in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Some people think that it belongs to Liu Song, and Lu Kai is not Lu Kai of the Three Kingdoms and Wu, but another Lu Kai of Liu Song. Whether it is cooked or not remains to be verified.
Lu Kai's poems are only over twenty words, but they contain infinite poetic meaning. When Lu Kai missed Ye Fan, in order to express his noble feelings, he specially brought a plum blossom, which was sent to Ye Fan by the messenger who delivered the book. The so-called leader was replaced by a leader because Fan was in Chang 'an, Shaanxi and Longshan was in Longxian, Shaanxi. It goes without saying that the place where Lu Kai sends flowers is Jiangnan, where plum blossoms are world-famous. Lin Bu, who lives in seclusion in the West Lake, has a poem by Yongmei: The shadows are shallow and the dusk is fragrant. It is a portrayal of plum blossom charm in Jiangnan. Jiangnan is a country rich in cultural relics, but Lu Kai thinks that other gifts are not enough to express his feelings for Ye Fan. So Jiangnan has nothing of value to give to each other. Only the plum blossom that comes first in spring is the most suitable, so it is a long way to express his thoughts, and the plum blossom also symbolizes their lofty friendship. Probably since Lu Kai gave poems, Yizhichun has become another name for plum blossom and farewell. It can be seen that the impact is profound. Poets in Tang and Song Dynasties all had similar chanting. Liu Kezhuang wrote: Light smoke and light snow alone, sending a plum flower is an attack on Lu Kai's artistic conception; Gao Qi wrote: Infinite Sorrow in a Spring is based on Lu Kai's poems. Later, even the epigraph of singing folk songs took the title of "One Spring". There is a story in "Old Wulin": On New Year's Eve, young children play all night, which is called keeping watch. Although there are many words for observing the age, it is extremely difficult to choose them. The most famous one in modern times is A Spring by Yang Shouqi. It can be seen that a small poem also has artistic charm passed down from generation to generation. Its artistic beauty lies in its simplicity, naturalness and metaphor. In a specific season and environment, the feelings of cherishing friends are expressed through a plum blossom recognized as noble by the world, and the abstract feelings are integrated with the image of plum blossom.
It is difficult for Bao Zhao to go to Liu Qi.
% pw it's hard to go to VI
Author: Bao Zhao
You can't eat the case, draw your sword and strike the column.
When was the husband born? Ann can hang her wings!
Abandon the office and go home to rest.
Going out to say goodbye, dusk is still on the edge.
Have a foreplay before going to bed and watch the women weaving in the machine.
Since ancient times, sages have been poor and humble, and our generation is lonely and straight!
Precautions:
1, case: a small amount of food containers. Another case is the ancient (bowl) word.
2. Yes: Yes. How long can a person live in the world?
3. An Neng: How come? Waste of time (overlapping between the west and the land): a small step. How can you stand still and hang your wings?
4, got it: teasing children. Play: play.
5. Solitude and straightness: Solitude and straightness. Since ancient times, sages have been poor and dissatisfied, not to mention lonely and honest people like us!
Appreciate:
This poem also reflects the frustration and frustrations of official career. Compared with "it must be difficult to drain water and level the ground", it is more straightforward to express feelings in the style of pure fu.
The whole poem is divided into three layers. The first four sentences focus on the grief and indignation of being destroyed in official career. First, describe the angry expression, never eating, drawing a sword and hitting a column, and sighing, which are closely linked, and fully show the inner resentment. The beginning of the poem floated in the air, like a boulder thrown into the river, which aroused a hundred waves and caught the reader's attention at once. Then I described the content of anger, and from the metaphor of wasting my time and hanging my wings, I was in a situation where my ambition was difficult to stretch and my mind was difficult to show under heavy constraints. It is even more distressing and urgent to think that life is short and the years are long. The whole mood is expressed in a very excited tone; The use of rhetorical sentences also strengthens the emotional color of language.
The middle six sentences are turning points. To take a step back, since we can't make a difference in politics, it's better to put our ambitions behind us, go home and rest, and get together with our relatives day and night. Therefore, the scenes of family daily life are written appropriately. Although there are only a few strokes, they are full of interest, which is in stark contrast to the tragic and unfriendly life of the above-mentioned officialdom. Of course, what is written here is not necessarily all the facts, but also the words imagined by the poet. According to these words, the poet resigned in his thirties, and this poem is too rigid.
However, after all, living in one's hometown is a last resort, which is not in line with the author's original intention of seeking to expand his ambitions, and it is impossible to really solve his own ideological contradictions. So the last two sentences are narrated by quiet family life, and jump to who is complaining. These two poems ostensibly cite the poverty of ancient sages to explain themselves. In essence, they expand and deepen personal frustration to the whole historical level. It is not an individual phenomenon, but it has existed since ancient times, and even great sages are inevitable, which is enough to prove that real life itself is unreasonable. Therefore, the theme of the poem has risen from expressing personal frustration to exposing and accusing the injustice of the times, which is a significant sublimation. It can also be noted that the word solitary and straight is used at the end of the poem, which specifically points out the social root of the bumpy and bitter life of people with lofty ideals like the author. The so-called loner refers to the loner (also known as Buyi), which is a social class relative to the dominant aristocratic family at that time. In the Six Dynasties, the gate system prevailed, the clan monopolized the political power, and scholars from poor backgrounds had little chance of promotion. Bao Zhao was born in a lonely cold, boasting and being straightforward, which was naturally not accepted by the world. Zhong Rong's Poem laments his talent and talent, so it is completely justified to ignore the contemporary. From time to time, generate's almost desperate struggle and lamentation in his poems are not difficult to get the answer.
As mentioned earlier, as a poet protesting against the elegy of life, this poem is much more straightforward in writing than "it is difficult to walk, but it is not a rush to the end." When the treble turns to moderate and then draws a conclusion, there is still relaxation and ups and downs. The arrangement of syllables is mainly based on the seven-character long tone at the beginning, and it transits to the five-character short sentence with flowing water in the middle, and then takes the two long sentences highlighted by Qifeng as evil, and its rhythm also corresponds to the change of emotional melody. So there are many similarities between these two essays and Yuefu. Furthermore, there are many similarities and differences in style between these two works that express personal will and those that express feelings through thinking about women before. The former poem is graceful and vivid, and it is straightforward here; The rhythm is slow before the poem, but tight here; The previous poems were colorful, and the style here was simple and simple, each with its own scenery. But no matter which theme, it can show the author's unique color, which is the most touching place of Bao Zhao's poems. The book "Southern History" uses the word "Yi Li" to evaluate his Yuefu creation. Later, Du Fu also summed up his poetic style with elegance. In fact, Jun and Li only marked its physical appearance, and elegance and nobility really grasped its spirit. There is a continuous relationship from Bao Zhao's elegance to Li Bai's elegance.
Chinese plum
There are some plums in the corner, and cold ling opens them alone.
I knew from a distance that it wasn't snow, because there was a smell coming.
works appreciation
[Note]. 1. Cold ling: braved the cold.
2. remote: remote.
3. For: Because.
4. Dark fragrance: refers to the fragrance of plum blossoms.
Brief analysis:
This poem praises the noble character and tenacious vitality of plum blossom by writing that plum blossom is in full bloom and flawless in cold.
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Mei, one of the "four gentlemen" in ancient times. "Four Gentlemen" is an image with special spiritual symbol extracted by ancient literati from the combination of things and environment.
When the ancients borrowed these images, they often had a pattern: bamboo mostly painted bones, and the realm was all in it. Some words were mixed with mottled bamboo, so-called freehand brushwork. Loose, associated with painting, painting posture and loose posture; If you write a poem about God, you will be relaxed in your imagination. You draw a poem to express your spirit, and you express your ambition through things. Orchids, plants, potted plants, study flying incense, delicate fragrance and elegant, indifferent and elegant. Plums, like pine, can draw poems. The difference is that pine is vivid with paintings, while plum is vivid with poems. Besides, Mei seems to have all the characteristics of the other three "gentlemen": as thin as a bamboo pole, as colorful as pine and cypress, and as fragrant as blue. Therefore, the artistic conception expressed by Jiumei in the poem "Four Gentlemen" is particularly rich. In Wang Anshi's Plum Blossom, a few strokes outline several plum blossoms, and all these characteristics are written out. In the image, Song often sings a monologue, and the environment is only used as a foil, mainly to see the loose posture. Mei is different from Mei, and Mei is often combined with the environment. Of course, in ink painting, the environment can be blank, but this is the environment, but it is hazy.
The word "jiao" in Plum Blossom points out the environment and is extremely vivid and artistic. The corner is particularly deserted, and it seems that the space is very narrow. In fact, the author takes the corner as the center and develops an infinite space. It was empty outside the corner, and he thought of it when he saw the corner. The combination of "several branches" and "horns" is very natural, showing the thinness of Mei, and naturally thinking of the gesture of "several branches of Mei". The word "cold ling" plays up a special atmosphere. The cold wind did not blur the imaginary line of sight, but it drove away the ambiguity in imagination and brought a pool of clear water in winter. Therefore, whether it is Qumei or Zhimei, readers will always feel that there are several clear pictures of formed plums in their minds. The word "independence" skillfully separates Mei's small world from the outside world, just like a sword splitting a watershed. Mei's outstanding "horizontal" (plum branches don't "stand"), and the image of Mei's pure and elegant floated away. "Far knowledge is not snow", snowflake and plum blossom, a pair of "golden partners" in nature, set each other off and shine, are similar and integrated. The author clearly "sees", "is not" and "knows from a distance". Why? Come for Dimfragrance. Dimfragrance is colorless, but it gives the picture a hazy color. Clear and hazy crisscross, just like a flickering hole in the snow, causing swaying movement. It is also like a wisp of smoke floating in the waves, blocking the plum branches. The author spread the artistic conception layer by layer with sporadic pen and ink, and mentioned the infinite virtual scene in a few words, and the spirit of Mei also showed incisively and vividly. The author's desire also fascinates readers.