1. Read the following Tang poem and answer the following questions.
? Climb the Phoenix Terrace from Nanjing.
Lipper
There used to be a phoenix on the phoenix platform, and the phoenix went to Taiwan, only Jiangdong returned.
Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
Three mountains and a half fall outside the blue sky, and Egret Island is wet.
There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
Note (1) This poem was written after Li Bai's return from exile in Yelang. It is said that Li Bai was driven out of Chang 'an and went south to Jinling during the Tianbao period. According to legend, during the Yuanjia period in the Southern Dynasties, three phoenixes gathered in Jinling Mountain, hence the name Phoenix Terrace.
1. There is a key word in the first two sentences of this poem. Try to find out and make a brief analysis.
Key words: The first sentence of "Empty City Plan" is about the gathering of phoenix, which symbolizes the prosperity of the dynasty. Today, the prosperity of the Six Dynasties is gone forever, leaving only the empty Phoenix Terrace and the long flowing Yangtze River. Zhuan Xu further developed the meaning of "emptiness", and the prosperity of Soochow, Eastern Jin and Six Dynasties was deserted. At that time, all the romantic figures in that area had become ancient hills, and they were all "empty".
2. What thoughts and feelings did the couplets express?
"Clouds cover the sun" means that the traitors surround the emperor, and "I can't see Chang 'an" means that the poet himself can't go back to Chang 'an, and the traitors in the DPRK are in power and the villain is successful. Li Bai missed the past and hurt the present, expressing his deep concern for the Tang Dynasty and his thoughts and feelings of worrying about the country and hurting the present.
Read the following two poems and answer the last question.
Jinling nostalgia
? Xu hun
? Decadent music "Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu" came together with Chen's fate; The lookout party in Jingyang Palace was filled with empty space.
The cemetery trees in the cemetery cover the graves of many officials in previous dynasties; High and low young crops filled the palaces of the Six Dynasties.
The snail spreads Yun Ni's wings, and it rains for a while and clears up for a while; The finless porpoise added fuel to the flames in the river. The night was deep and a cold wind came.
The emperors of past dynasties are gone forever, and the luxurious imperial life has disappeared without a trace. Only the surrounding green hills are the same as they were then.
[dual tone] continuous dialing
Yuan-Ma Zhiyuan
? Bree, ask the hero, what's the use of Wang Tu Ba? Six generations of high and low palaces of coarse cereals, thousands of tombs and pine forests, is a nightmare.
1. Xu Hun's poem "Looking Back on the Past in Jinling" and Ma Zhiyuan's song "Dialing Double Tones" have similar poems. Are they the same? Analysis of trial work. Are the two poems lyrical in the same way?
The contents are basically the same, all written in the ruins of Qian Guan and the palaces of the Six Dynasties. They are lost in pine, grass and millet, extravagant and thoughtless, so as to express their sense of survival. Different lyrical ways, Xu Hun exaggerates scenes and feelings in many places, and explains things differently, which comes down to the sigh at the end of the couplet, indirect lyricism, which is hidden in the image for readers to taste, while Ma Zhiyuan bluntly said that their career in Wang Ba was just a nightmare in the end.
2. In Ma Zhiyuan's songs, the sentence pattern of "Six Dynasties Palace Que is high and low, and thousands of officials are buried by shortcut" is different from that of Xu Shi. Is this change reasonable? Please explain.
? Xu Hun's poems are seven rhythms. In order to make the upper and lower sentences even, the sentence patterns are replaced before and after. Ma Zhiyuan's music, however, was abandoned from the empty hall of the Palace Que in the Six Dynasties, and turned into the tomb referred to by thousands of people. From the cause and effect, it is natural, reasonable, vivid and pungent to write that the pursuit of "hegemony" is ultimately a "nightmare", highlighting the main theme to be expressed.
3. Read the following Song lyrics and answer the questions.
Yong Yu le ci Jia Xuan Gu Bei Lou ci yun
Jiangkui
Clouds are lost in the building, and the moss is very stone [note 1]. Where are people going? Riding autumn smoke several times, a cold and summer tide came and went through the ages. Let the heart be green, and the bitterness be guarded by the north gate. There is a difference between wine and drinks. The banners are embroidered with bears and tigers. ? Zhuge, a senior, came here and rewarded him with three words. Outside the building, Gao Jiang fainted. He knew the West Road. When the Central Plains gathers together, God is in Beijing with the old people, and the south looks at the Changhuai Golden Drum. Ask Yi Yi if the willow planted at that time is still there.
[Note 1] Extraordinary stone: It looks like a sheep in Kanluoji, Beigu Mountain. It is said that Sun Quan once negotiated with Liu Bei on this basis to confront Cao. [Note 2] North Gate: Jingkou is the gateway to northern Xinjiang, where Xin Qiji once trained and prepared for war.
1. Is the theme of Jiang Kui's ci the same as that of Xin Qiji's? Please analyze it briefly.
? It's different. Xin Qiji's "Looking Back at the Gubei Pavilion in Jingkou" misses the past and hurts the present, and expresses his ambition through the historical figure Sun Quan, eager to realize his long-cherished wish of recovering the Central Plains and expressing his grief and indignation that there is no way to serve the country. Jiang Ci eulogized Xin Qiji through an ancient story (Zhuge Liang), expressing concern about the rise and fall of the world, supporting the Northern Expedition, and expressing the northern people's desire for reunification, hoping that Xin Qiji could shoulder the heavy responsibility of recovering the Central Plains.
2. Sing Xin Qiji's "Singing on the stage in the pavilion, the romantic wind is always blown away by the wind and rain" and Jiang's "Riding autumn smoke several times makes you chilling". What's the difference in expression between the two?
? Xin Ci hangs an ancient face, and the charm of writing Sun Quan no longer exists. "When the rain blows, the wind blows" means that the wind and rain of history have erased its remains, and feelings naturally flow out of the tone. Jiang Ci, on the other hand, put pen to paper from the side and wrote the scenery in front of the building that still exists through the ages to set off the death of personnel and express the feelings behind the words.
Read the following Yuanqu and answer the questions.
Alpine sheep
? Weiyang nostalgia
Zhang
On that day, Third Sister was here, and she was remonstrated. How can you not be sad to see the inheritance? The mountains and rivers are still heroic, try to sit at the highest point: East, also in the picture; Lucy is also in the photo.
[Note] Weiyang Palace: Weiyang Palace recorded in history was built in the seventh year of Gaozu (the first 200 years).
1. Who is the first sentence "Three Masters"?
Sean, Xiao He and Han Xin are three outstanding figures who helped Liu Bang achieve great achievements.
2. A brief analysis of the thoughts and feelings expressed in The Mountains and Rivers Are Still Heroic.
? In front of Weiyang Palace, the poet thought about the ancient love affair, and thought that the "three outstanding men" played a great role in overthrowing the Qin Dynasty and defeating Xiang Yu. But the past has become history after all, and "Sanjiang is still a hero" seems to be the heroic image of "Three Heroes", which shows that the achievements of "Three Heroes" coexist with the mountains and rivers in Guanzhong.
5. Read the following Yuanqu and answer the last question.
? [Gong Zheng] Drunk and calm.
? Huaigu Zhang Kejiu
? On the whole, Sha Ou, you can't stop worrying about the past and the present. Baiyun will stay. On the phoenix stage, the green hills are old, the small trees are hung on the swing wall, and the Pipa Pavilion is surrounded by wild flowers in autumn. The Yangtze River flows alone.
1. According to the sentences in the song, which ancients does the poet remember?
Li Bai, Su Shi and Bai Juyi.
(Li Bai has a poem "Phoenix once played here, hence its name, and now it has been abandoned in this barren river";
Su Shi has a poem "Butterfly Loves Flowers": Outside the swing road inside the wall, the layman inside the wall, and the beauty inside the wall laughs;
Bai Juyi has a poem Pipa Xing. Later, there was a pipa pavilion at the mouth of Xunyang River. }
2. Talk about the language features of this song.
? Clever use of previous poems. The first sentence uses Zhuangzi's "full roaming, not a boat in flood season"; Du Fu's Flying, Flying, What am I like? But sandpipers in the vast world! ",this image is like a" wild boat "and an erratic" Sha Ou ". The second sentence comes from Tao Yuanming's "Clouds come out of holes unintentionally". Then, it summarizes the poems of Li Bai, Su Shi and Bai Juyi. The last sentence is "Where have all the emperors in the pavilion gone?" In Wang Bo's poem Wang Tengting. Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows by itself. "The quotation of these poems is just right, which gives the author his own thinking and creates a new artistic conception, which is intriguing.
6. Read the following Yuanqu and answer the questions.
? [Zhong Lu] Chao Tian Zi
? Yuan? Xue angfu
? Bianhe, Bao Puzi, just sitting in Jingshan, how was the Three Dynasties? Two feet suffer first, pass on the symbol of national disaster and get hurt. Who will teach him to offer? Learn, ponder, why not steal the beer.
1, how to understand "learning, pondering, why is it like stealing?"
? The meaning of these two sentences is that instead of letting the king of Chu (Wen) send someone to "Guan Yu", it is better to secretly break it, because the first two dynasties made him confused. Before offering the bodhisattva statue, you can break it yourself, and then you can offer jade. In addition, after the "title" was given to the monarch, letting Qin fight would make Zhao restless. It's better to smash it and reduce the trouble. "
2. What thoughts and feelings did the author express in this song?
What does the author think? Bian He sacrificed stupidity, abused power for personal gain, and asked for it; It encourages social injustice, and if it is dedicated to the king, it will plant a curse for itself. With satirical words, the work expresses great indignation at the feudal emperors' indiscriminate punishment and strangulation of talents, and also implies the author's dissatisfaction with the Yuan rulers' contempt and strangulation of talents.
7. Read the following Song poems and answer the questions.
? Jinling Nostalgia (1)
Wang Anshi
The overlord takes two rivers alone, and his children and grandchildren have hundreds of cities.
? After the success of luxury, what is the double danger?
? In the Old 76 Buddhist Temple in Dongfu, the rest of Backyard was sung outside the boat window.
"Su Parting" and "Mai Xiu" follow the technique and set the ups and downs near the jars.
1, the author thinks that the founding king built his capital in Erjiang, but the regime was abolished later. What is the reason? Analysis of trial work.
? The author thinks that the successive dynasties with Jinling as their capital suffered many defeats and wars, mainly because their successors indulged in "luxury" and "pleasure" after enjoying the country. Shili Qinhuai, the original paintings come and go, and the "backyard flowers sing" is endless, showing extravagance. And extravagance is the way to ruin.
2. What is the author's attitude towards the past and present?
The author believes that the rise and fall of dynasties in history is not accidental, and arrogance and extravagance are the way to ruin. Those who should perish should perish, and it is not worth being sentimental. This has a clearer and more philosophical color that is different from previous generations.
Read the following song and answer the last question.
Lv Zhong Mann Fang Ting.
Wulin dried soup-stock style
? The former site of Qiantang, where Wu Dong was king, crossed the capital to the south. There were 480 temples, unlike at that time. Are old poems written by broken immortals everywhere? The water is clear and the moon is shallow Who hangs the old wasteland temple at dusk? Thinking about this injury, if the West Lake is like this, why should it be given?
? [Note] Tang style: people in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. Once lived in Wulin (now Hangzhou). History: Wulin was repeatedly disturbed by soldiers at the end of Yuan Dynasty.
1. The last sentence of this Yuanqu is "Thinking about injury, what is beauty?" What kind of feelings did the poet express?
? This song is about the Buddhist temple architecture, lakes and mountains, cultural celebrities and other aspects in Hangzhou, in order to compare the decline today. In the end, the poet said that today's West Lake is barren, which is not like Su Shi's "heavy makeup and understatement" and can't compare with the beauty Xi Shi. This expressed the author's dissatisfaction with the war and accused the military disaster of being a crime against cultural relics.
2. Analysis of the writing characteristics of this song.
? The writing features of this song are shown in two aspects: first, the comparison between the first sentence and the second sentence is the overall comparison between the present and the present; the second to the fourth sentences compare the Qiantang described by Du Mu, Su Shi and Lin Bu with the reality, effectively highlighting the sigh of the ups and downs of the past; The second is to use the poems of predecessors, which are rich in words and profound in meaning. {Du Mu's Jiangnan Spring, Su Shi's Drinking on the Lake and Lin Bu's Xiaomei in the Mountain Garden are used in the song. }
Read the following Tang poem and answer the last question.
? Zhang Jingwu Yuan Wen Ting Yun
Chen Jue, Iron Horse Cloud Carving, Han Gongchun, High Pressure, Liu Ying.
The horn of Kansai War Drum sounded in Hanguguan, and a star landed on the bank of Weihe River.
Wolong, the lower country, is the main place, while Zhongyuan deer (note 1) is not owned by the people.
The ivory treasure account (note 2) has no words, and Qiao Zhou (note 3) has been an old minister since then.
[Note 1] Drew: "Deer" is homophonic with "Lu". "Lu" is Lu's position. [Note 2] Ivory treasure account: furnishings in shrines in temples. [Note 3] Qiao Zhou: ""contains: In six years, Wei was attacked by Deng Ai, and Dr. Qiao Zhou of Guanglu urged his late master (Liu Chan) to surrender Wei, and he followed suit.
? Du Fu wrote in "Shu Xiang": "Green grass, birds and flowers." In Wen's poem, "the Lord of Wolong's empty country". Both poems have a word "empty". Do they express the same meaning? Try to explain.
? It's different. The "emptiness" in Du Fu's poems is that the courtyard is lush with green grass and a few orioles, which shows the desolation of Wuhou Temple. It's hard to say that poets are lonely. The "emptiness" in literary poetry reflects that although Wolong (Zhuge Liang) tried his best to be honest and wise, he could not wake up from his fatuity. The word "emptiness" contains endless regrets.
2. In Du Fu's poems, there is a sentence that "three summonses attach importance to state affairs, and two generations have a pure heart", and Shi Wen has a sentence that "Qiao Zhou is an old minister from now on". Both refer to "old ministers". Do they think and feel the same? Why?
? It's different. The sentence "Two Dynasties" in Du Fu's poems is a praise for Zhuge Liang's service to Liu Bei and Liu Chan, and expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings of praising Zhuge Liang's loyalty and wisdom. While Shi Wen secretly wrote Zhuge Liang and Qiao Zhou, two "old ministers".
? Contrast: both of them are "old ministers", the former is loyal to the monarch and the latter is loyal to the world; The latter argued for the surrender of Wei, and the country was wrong. Implicitly expressed contempt and ridicule for Qiao Zhou's ignorance and meanness.
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