Question 1: What does allusion mean? Allusion. Ancient stories and words with provenance cited in poetry and other works [literary quotation]. Such as: where does the language come from; allusions (allusions, historical facts); allusions (allusions and basis)
allusion
allusion; ceremony; law; standard;
< p> 典diǎn
(1)
(Understanding. Oracle bone glyph, with the word "book" on the top and big on the bottom. Original meaning: important documents , Classics)
(2)
Same as the original meaning [work of standard scholarship; classics]
Classic, the book of the Five Emperors... Zhuangdu said, Classic, Big book. DD "Shuowen". Press, that is, from the book, from the big book, from the ancient book.
Canon, classic. DD "Erya? Interpretation"
It cannot be used as a summary. DD "Book of Changes"
It means that you can read three graves, five classics, eight ropes and nine hills. DD "Zuo Zhuan? The Twelfth Year of Zhaogong"
The classics of Si Jin. DD "Zuo Zhuan? The Fifteenth Year of Zhaogong"
Returning not far away, Xidian Yougao (valuable). DD Qiu Chi's "Book with Chen Bo"
It is not recorded in the book's dictionary. DD "Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Zhang Heng Biography"
(3)
Another example: pharmacopoeia; dictionary; exegesis (Buddhist scriptures); code of law; Buddhist scriptures; citation of scriptures; dianzhi (recording of political scriptures) Documents); Dianfen (the provincial name of "Three Tombs" and "Five Codes". They are both ancient classics)
(4)
Changdao, criterion [norm]. Such as: Typical (conventional punishment; routine); Changdian (conventional law); Dianyao (unchanged standard); Dianshi (model, French style)
(5)
Law; regulations [canon; law]
The three codes that govern the founding of a country are the light code, the medium code, and the heavy code. DD "Zhou Li? Da Sikou"
(6)
Another example: Dianli (a set of rules that can be followed as a rule); Dianchang (conventional law, routine); Dianli Gao (the name of ancient literary style. Code refers to regular law; Gao refers to edict)
(7)
Ceremony, ritual festival [ceremony]. Such as: Grand Ceremony; Founding Ceremony; Celebration (Celebration Ceremony); Dianzhong Tushan (a metaphor for the importance and grand scale of the ceremony. According to legend, Tushan is the place where Xia Yu married the Tushan family and met with the princes)
Question 2 : The role of allusions in poetry. It is interesting to use allusions into poems - the clever use of allusions in ancient poetry
(Song Ling)
Using allusions into poetry is a commonly used method by poets of all ages. Expression techniques. In poetry, historical facts about people, places, things, and things in the past, or words and sentences with origins and sources are quoted to express a certain desire or emotion of the poet, and to increase the image, implication, elegance, or artistic conception of the words and sentences. The connotation and depth of the poem are called "yongdian." Yongdian is also a rhetorical device in poetry, which can avoid being straightforward and leave room for readers to associate and think between the lines of the poem. Indeed, using allusions skillfully and appropriately can make poems rich in meaning, concise and implicit, solemn and elegant, make expressions more vivid and vivid, verses more concise, words that are close but far-reaching, implicit and tactful, thus improving the expressiveness and appeal of the work. Power, as ancient poets often said: power penetrates the back of the paper and makes a sound! Below, I will mainly talk about four points: first, the main function of using dictionaries in poetry; second, the main forms of using dictionaries; third, the techniques of using dictionaries; and fourth, three issues that should be paid attention to when using dictionaries. First, let’s talk about the main functions of poetry dictionaries in detail:
1. To evaluate history and use the past to discuss the present. Such as:
Parking in Qinzhun (Du Mu)
The smoke cage is stuffed with water, the moon is caged in the sand, and the Qinhuai River is close to the restaurant at night.
The business girl didn’t know the hatred of the country’s subjugation, but she still sang "*** Flower" across the river.
The title of the song "*** Flower" in the poem is an allusion. "Yushu *** Flower" written by Chen Houzhu of the Southern Dynasty was called "the sound of national subjugation" by later generations. . The late Tang Dynasty in which the poet lived was at a time when the country's fortunes were declining, and these rulers did not pay attention to state affairs. Instead, they gathered in restaurants to enjoy the melodious music. How could the poet not have the hidden worry that history may repeat itself? Therefore, the poet This is a historical irony based on the historical irony of empress Chen who eventually destroyed the country due to his debauchery and enjoyment. Those rulers in the late Tang Dynasty who were intoxicated with life and death did not learn from it.
2. Express emotions and express one’s thoughts. For example:
For example, Su Shi quoted an allusion in "Jiangchengzi? Hunting in Mizhou" "Zhijie Yunzhong, when will Feng Tang be sent?". According to the "Book of Han? Feng Tang Biography" records: During the reign of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, Wei Shang was the prefect of Yunzhong. He had made meritorious service in resisting the Xiongnu, but he was convicted and demoted because he reported six more heads when reporting his merits. Later, Emperor Wen adopted Feng Tang's advice and sent Feng Tang to Yunzhong to pardon Wei Shang.
The poet here is in Mizhou, where his talents are not met and his ambition is hard to realize. He uses Wei Shang as a metaphor for himself. He hopes that one day, the imperial court will send people like Feng Tang to come here, expressing his ambition and passion to serve the imperial court.
Forever happy encounters? Nostalgic for the past in Guting, Bei Jingkou
Throughout the ages, heroes have never found Sun Zhongmou. On the dance pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by the rain. The setting sun, the grass and trees, the ordinary alleys, where the slaves of humanity once lived. I think back then, when we were strong and strong, we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger. Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf in Xu, and won the hasty visit to the north. Forty-three years later, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road. But looking back, under the Buddha and Li Temple, there is a sacred crow drum! Who can ask: Lian Po is old, can he still make a living? This poem uses four allusions, allusions within allusions. Let’s talk about the last allusion of Lian Po. Lian Po was a famous general in Zhao, but the king of Zhao believed in slander and distrusted him. When Later Qin attacked Zhao, the King of Zhao wanted to use Lian Po and sent people to understand his situation. Lian Po devoted himself to serving the country, so he ate a bushel of rice and ten pounds of meat in front of the envoy, and put on his horse to show that he could go into battle. However, the envoy was bribed and lied to Lian about "one meal and three excrements". King Zhao thought that Lian Po Old, finally no need. The poem is summarized as "Who can ask, Lian Po is old, can he still make a living?" It is used to express his grief and anger that he wants to serve the country but no one cares about him and he is even slandered by villains.
From this we can also see that poets often criticize rulers because they cannot speak directly, so using allusions is the best way.
3. Trigger associations and create innovative artistic conception. Such as:
Breaking the Formation (Xin Qiji)
Reading the sword while drunk, I dreamed of blowing the trumpet company. Eight hundred miles away, the troops under his command are burning, the sound of fifty-stringed strings turning outside the Great Wall, and the troops on the battlefield being ordered in autumn. The horse moves very fast, and the bow is as frightening as a thunderbolt. Finish the affairs of the king and the world, and win the reputation during and after death. Misfortune happens in vain. The words "eight hundred miles" and "delu" in the poem involve two allusions: First, according to "Shishuoxinyu", Wang Kai of Jin Dynasty bet Wang Ji with an ox "eight hundred miles away", and Wang Ji killed the cow after winning. For Zhizhi, later generations referred to eight hundred miles as an ox. Second, it is said that the Luma that Liu Bei once rode jumped three feet from the water of Tanxi River in the west of Xiangyang City and escaped from danger. Using these two allusions to create a majestic artistic conception, readers can't help but see the spectacular scene of rewarding the soldiers before the war broke out and the fierce scene of the cavalry galloping against the enemy on the battlefield, which is very penetrating.
4. Concise, concise and rich in connotation. Such as:
......>>
Question 3: What is the allusion to the conflict between Chu and Han? The conflict between Chu and Han is also known as the Chu-Han war, the Chu-Han struggle, and the Chu-Han war. The conflict between Chu and Han, etc., that is, from August of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 BC) to December of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, and Liu Bang, the king of Han, fought for the world. Large-scale war. In the end, the Chu-Han War ended with Xiang Yu's defeat and Liu Bang's establishment of the Western Han Dynasty.
Question 4: What is an allusion? An allusion is a story or word that is often quoted in poetry and has a provenance and is recognized by people. Its history can be traced back to before the emergence of writing. It originated from social life practice and was spread orally among the people long before writing.