From "Quatrains" by Du Fu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty
The rivers and mountains in Chiri are beautiful, and the spring breeze is fragrant with flowers and grass.
Swallows fly when the mud melts, and mandarin ducks sleep in the warm sand.
Appreciation
Wang Sishuang, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, retorted in his "Du Zui": "I said: The first two sentences of "two rooms" (referring to heaven and earth) are not business, the next two sentences are "see" Everything is not in harmony with nature. Isn’t that enough to feel the true joy of my heart?” Wang’s opinion is correct. This book captures the characteristics of the scenery and writes about spring scenery. The pictures are beautiful and the style is soft, which can arouse readers' joy of spring.
"Chiri" comes from "The Book of Songs·July": "Spring is late." In spring, the sunshine time is getting longer and the weather is getting warmer. As the saying goes, "The sky is warm at the beginning and the day is long at the beginning" (Ouyang Jiong) "Good Spring"). The poet starts the whole poem with "Chi Ri", highlighting the characteristics of the warm sunshine in spring and the prosperity of all things, and organically combines the objects described in the poem to form a bright and harmonious picture of spring. You see: the sun is shining, the water is green, the mountains are green, the vegetation is revived, and everything is renewed. The breeze blows on your face, bringing the fragrance of flowers and the freshness of spring grass. On the river beach and on the bank of the stream, the ice and snow have melted away, the soil is moist and soft, and swallows fly around lightly, building nests in the mud and whispering. The water is warm and the sand is warm. The beautiful and affectionate mandarin ducks cuddle up to each other and sleep peacefully. They are very cute and charming. Swallows are migratory birds, and the poet describes them intentionally to highlight the characteristics of spring. The words "chiri", "jiangshan", "spring breeze" and "flowers and grass" in the first two sentences form a large scene outlined in thick lines, and the words "beautiful" and "fragrant" at the end of the sentence highlight the poet's strong feelings; the last two sentences The sentences are specific pictures drawn with fine brushwork, including dynamic depictions of swallows flying and static portrayals of sleeping mandarin ducks. The busyness of the flying swallows contains the vitality of spring, while the leisurely nature of the mandarin ducks reveals the gentleness of spring. The movement and silence complement each other. All of this is bathed in the warm sunshine, harmonious and beautiful, and really gives people a sense of spring.
Tao Yukai of the Qing Dynasty said that Du Fu's brushwork was superb and he could "use poetry as painting" ("Shuo Du"). This poem can be confirmed. But the beauty of this poem is not limited to "poetry as painting". What the poet intended to convey was the soft spring feeling he felt. If the lateness of spring, the beauty of mountains and rivers, the gentle breeze, the fragrance of flowers and plants, as well as swallows and mandarin ducks, are all experienced by the poet's vision, touch (wind), and smell, then the "melting" of soil and the "warmth" of gravel are not related to the five senses. Feel it directly. Just because he has a deep sense of the bright sunshine, gentle wind, and the fragrance of birds and flowers in spring, the poet can imagine the looseness of the soil and the warmth of the gravel without touching it; and the understanding of the melting of the mud and the warmth of the sand deepens his appreciation for the flying swallows. The visual impression of lightness and coquettishness makes the poet's whole body and mind immersed in the soft harmony and spring feeling.