Teaching objectives:
1. Understand the characteristics of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems;
2. Taste the scenery description in "Returning to the Garden" and experience the beauty of rural life.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
Taste the taste of returning to the garden and the beauty of rural life, and understand the poet's dislike of dark officialdom and turbid society through the beautiful taste of rural areas.
Teaching process:
First, import the pictures.
(PPT shows QQ farm game screen and farmhouse music screen)
Q: Have you ever played this game?
Stealing vegetables is an online game that has swept the country in recent years. The fairytale rural scenery and virtual rural labor such as planting vegetables, weeding, picking and harvesting created by the game satisfy people's yearning for ideal rural life. In addition, some city residents grow vegetables on the land in the suburbs, and some people are keen on farmhouse tourism, which shows people's love for rural life. Although many people are in the city and their hearts are in the countryside, I haven't heard of anyone who has completely abandoned urban life and devoted himself to rural life. However, as early as the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a poet who abandoned officialdom and devoted himself to rural life. Who is this poet? Today, we will learn a poem "Returning to the Garden" written by him after he returned to rural life.
(PPT presentation theme)
Second, overall perception.
1. Listen to the demonstration tape and read it together.
2. Demonstrate reading and pronunciation. Ask individual students to read aloud, and the teacher will guide students to pay attention to the grasp of emotions when reading aloud.
The main idea of this article has been dispelled.
Third, discuss appreciation.
What is the title of Return to the Garden? Return clearly tells us that the author wants to return to the garden life. Then why did he come back? Where are you going? How about going back to China? According to these three points, please read the text in chorus and think about how to divide the levels while reading.
1, why still?
There are two reasons:
(1) This kind of sex is pastoral.
(2) Due to the darkness of the officialdom, there is no freedom, and the ambition cannot be realized. The author lives in seclusion in the countryside.
Thinking 1: How to understand "birds miss the ancient forest, but fish in the pool miss the source." ?
Qing Dynasty: Tao Yuanming's self-comparison between "catching birds" and "collecting water to raise fish" has repeatedly proved that he longed for freedom in strayed into officialdom and urgently returned to the countryside to live a comfortable life. These two sentences are very famous. Please cross them. Therefore, the poet decided to "open up wasteland in the south and return to the garden", open up wasteland in Yuan Ye in the south, and go home to farm and go to the countryside with peace of mind.
2. Where to go?
Safety: Tian Yuan.
Summary: reasons for returning to the garden: the writer's personality thought expresses his dislike of officialdom and his love for rural life.
Thinking 1: Let the students read the text on the second floor and underline the pastoral scenery described by the poet. What kind of rural life is depicted? How to describe it?
Qing dynasty: square houses, grass houses, elm willows, peaches and plums, villages, cooking smoke, barking dogs and crowing chickens.
These are common scenes in rural life, which constitute a quiet, beautiful, fresh and peaceful picture in the poet's pen. In this painting, there are near and far, static and moving, and pure and natural interest. This scene reminds me of the sentence in Peach Blossom Spring. What did you say?/Sorry? Remind the students to recite "the land is flat and spacious, so is the house, and there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry and bamboo." The traffic in the building is so busy that chickens and dogs hear each other. Among them, farming, men and women dressed, known as outsiders; My hair is drooping and I am very happy. "(Peach Blossom Garden)
These poems have visual descriptions (square houses, thatched cottages, elm willows, peaches and plums, villages and kitchen smoke), auditory descriptions (barking dogs and crowing chickens), emotional descriptions (empty rooms and empty rooms), and descriptions of spatial order (square houses, thatched cottages, elm willows, peaches and plums, villages and kitchen smoke) from close range to long range.
(blackboard writing)
Thinking: "Households are clean and miscellaneous, and virtual rooms are more idle", and "virtual rooms" refer to empty rooms. How to understand it?
Clear: After retiring to the countryside, I lost some interpersonal relationships, cut off contacts with people in officialdom, and the room became quieter. "Spare time" is less polite and entertaining, so you can have more time to do what you like. Everything in this "dust-free, leisure" is exactly the lifestyle that the poet wants, leisure and freedom. There is a very similar sentence in "Humble Room Inscription": "There is no ear confusion, no invisible complexity", no noisy music bothers the ears, and no official documents tire the body and mind. In fact, this is a leisurely and quiet life away from officialdom and secularism. This sentence is the crowning touch of "The Joy of Returning to the Garden".
Thinking 2: From the description of scenery in Tao's poems, we can see the author's feelings about rural life.
Clarity: The poet expressed his love for rural life through the description of ordinary rural scenery. This writing technique is called scene blending, which can also be said to be emotional in the scene, lyrical in the scene and so on.
On the blending of scene and scene in Tao's poems, The History of China Literature edited by Mr. You Guoen is absolutely wonderful;
From the description of this scene, we "not only see a few straw houses in elm willow and peach and plum trees, but also a few wisps of smoke in the village, and also hear dogs barking in deep alleys and chickens crowing on the trees, all of which constitute a realm, quiet, quiet, simple and natural." Because the poet's purpose in writing pastoral poems is not to describe rural life objectively, but to emphasize and express the interest of this life. Therefore, when he was creating, he did not casually take in the scenes of rural life, but took in those things that could most arouse his thoughts and feelings, which contained extraordinary ideological artistic conception in ordinary life materials. "-quoted from You Guoen's history of China literature.
Please read it again and try to recite the sentences describing rural life.
3. How about going back to China?
Clear: "If you stay in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature."
Thinking: What do "Fanlong" and "Nature" mean respectively?
Fan long, a metaphor for the fatuous and turbid officialdom, people are bound; Nature refers to pastoral and natural nature.
The leisurely pastoral life gives the poet a pleasant feeling: "If he is caged for a long time, he will return to the truth", as if he had been trapped in a cage for a long time, and now he has finally returned to the truth.
Course summary:
Thinking: Some people call Tao Wei "the master of eternal pastoral, the eternal hermit". Why do you think it is?
Clear: "The Lord of the Eternal Pastoral" means that Tao initiated the pastoral school, and "Hermit School" means his yearning for the pastoral and his seclusion. In today's "Returning to the Garden", the poet not only wrote his pastoral joy, but also expressed his sense of seclusion. This poem describes the beauty of rural scenery and the simplicity and loveliness of rural life in simple terms, and expresses his happy mood after retirement. Read aloud freely, focus on the poem describing the scenery in the article, and try to recite this poem in class.
Fourth, extend and expand.
In the 5th century, China poet Tao Yuanming left the officialdom, retired to the countryside and founded an idyllic school. /kloc-in the 9th century, henry thoreau, an American writer, also came to a big lake and began to live in seclusion. Have any students read or heard of his experience of seclusion? The teacher chose two paragraphs describing the scenery. Let's read our poems and see if they have any similarities and differences in scenery description. You can discuss it in groups after reading it.
According to the results of students' discussion, two different drawing methods, line drawing and fine drawing, are introduced.
Sketch: a method of sketching the outline of a scene in simple and plain language. Without any literal modification or pretense, everything comes naturally, reflecting the description of the true beauty of things. Tao poetry belongs to line drawing.
Description: Grasp the main features of things, make a detailed and in-depth description, and use beautiful words and rhetoric. (attention is distinguished from detail description, which describes the tiny links or plots in the article. ) Walden Lake is described in detail. The author pays great attention to the description of the color change of the lake, and the color change is very detailed. The author uses meticulous description, meticulous carving, profound and delicate, multi-directional comparison and rendering, and uses a lot of rhetorical devices such as metaphor. Rich in words and beautiful sentences, the color change is truly and naturally displayed in front of you.
Tao's poems outline the scenery with simple lines, leaving readers room for imagination; Thoreau showed it in detail, and the color of the lake changed vividly on paper. Both have their own advantages and are worth learning from.
Verb (short for verb) Homework:
To write a scene description, it is required to use stick figures or fine drawings, and the number of words is not less than 300 words.