Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners.
At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness.
The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces.
The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
Make an appreciative comment
The mountain named Jingmen is located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province, across the river from Huya Mountain. It belongs to the state of Chu in the Warring States period.
Li Bai spent his childhood and adolescence in Shu. 25 years old; He began to travel around the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River. This poem was written when he was away from home. The poem is entitled "Seeing Friends Off at Jingmen Ferry", and Shen Deqian thinks that "there is no farewell in the poem, but the word" in the title "can be deleted" (Tang Poetry). It seems that this theory is not appropriate. Farewell is not a poet's farewell in the same boat. It can be seen from the last two sentences of this poem that "farewell" originally refers to "hometown water" to bid farewell to poets. Yu Biyun, who is nearby, also said: "The last two words of farewell, words are everywhere, work and water are far away from them, and the hearts of those who see me off are with them." (On the Realm of Poetry)
This poem is a lyric work by borrowing scenery. Clever idea. The context is very organized, the structure is ups and downs, and there is quite a sense of hierarchy.
The first two sentences are general statements, stating that the poet left his hometown and sailed through Jingmen. Roaming in the territory of ancient Chu State. Du Yuan is the antonym of Du Yuan. "Come from" means to do it. These two sentences may not seem amazing, but they are closely related to the later poems and have an important role in threading the needle and running through the whole poem.
The last four sentences of "the mountain is flat and primitive" are flashbacks. The phrase "the mountains are flat and the rivers meander in the wilderness" refers to the change of the scenery on the ground when the poet sits on the boat and looks up. These two sentences have great capacity. There is a three-dimensional sense of spacious space and a long-term sense of travel. It describes the poet taking a boat from Sichuan, along the Yangtze River, down the river and through the winding, varied and towering Three Gorges. When we came to the vast Hubei plain, the mountains gradually disappeared. With the change of the mountain, the surging Yangtze River gradually calmed down and slowly flowed eastward on the vast Yuan Ye. It uses highly condensed language. The geographical changes of the poet's whole trip are very general. These two sentences, as well as Du Fu's poem "The stars are as wide as the moon flows over the river" ("One Night Abroad"), are all good sentences, but they are all wonderful. The difference is that Li Bai's two poems describe the scenery during the day, Du Fu's two poems describe the scenery at night, Shi Li's poem is "Sailing for a while" and Du Fu's poem is "Stop the boat and look closely" (Wang Qi's Notes on the Complete Works of Li Taibai), so there is no difference between good and bad.
"The moon is held up like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like a palace" is a description of the night scene in space. The poet sat on a boat and looked up at the sky in Wan Li. He saw a bright moon flying down from the sky like a mirror, shining brightly on the earth. Clouds floating in the blue sky suddenly joined together. Due to refraction, they form a very spectacular mirage. These two metaphors are vivid, depicting the charming scenery of space and showing the poet's rich imagination. Regarding the sentence "the moon is held up like a mirror", it was explained that the moon reflected into the river like a mirror flying from the air. This explanation seems out of place. "The moon is like a mirror" is very poetic. That is, the moon moves down from space, just like a mirror flying down from the sky. There is no meaning of "the shadow of the moon enters the river" here. Xin Qiji wrote: "A round of autumn shadows turns to golden waves, and flying mirrors are re-polished." He compared the moon to a mirror flying from the sky, which is exactly the same as Li Bai's poem. Yu Biyun said: "Five or six sentences are about what you saw in the river, and the sky mirror is used to describe the brightness of the moon. It's strange to describe clouds with sea towers, but the river is vast and spacious, so what you see is what you get. If you watch the clouds and the moon in the courtyard, there is no such thing. " (ditto) Extraordinary opinion, which is a good comment.
The last two sentences, "And the water has taken you home and painted you a boat for three hundred miles", are closely related to the poem "Farewell" and echo the first two poems of the poet who traveled to Sichuan. Li Bai spent all his life in Shu from the age of five to twenty-five. He loves the mountains and rivers of his hometown and has strong feelings for his hometown. When the poet suddenly leaves his hometown and travels far away, he will naturally feel the feeling of parting, which can also be said to be a kind of "feeling of parting". The beauty of these two poems is that it is obvious that the poet has the feeling of leaving his hometown to say goodbye, but he didn't say it directly. Instead, it is anthropomorphic to say that "hometown water" has deep feelings for itself and takes great pains. From Sichuan to Jingmen, it is "rowing your boat for three hundred miles". Using this anthropomorphic technology. Compared with expressing one's feelings directly and stating one's feelings of leaving home, it is more tortuous, implicit, poetic and interesting.
In a word, this poem is quite successful in art, full of twists and turns, subtle ups and downs, sometimes writing about the landscape on the ground, and sometimes writing about the wonders in space; Sometimes I write about the appreciation of nature with rolling mountains and swift rivers during the day, and sometimes I write about the enjoyment of changing space scenes at night. Finally, the personification technique is used to express the poet's feelings of leaving home in a tortuous and implicit way. Through the poet's careful observation and appreciation of natural scenery, we can appreciate the enterprising spirit and infinite vitality of young poets who have just entered the society. In particular, the phrase "the mountain is flat and primitive, and the river winds through the wilderness" vividly describes the poet crossing the Three Gorges by boat, climbing mountains and mountains, and gradually disappearing into the vast Yuan Ye; With the disappearance of the mountains, the surging Yangtze River slowly flows eastward on the endless plain ... The poet painted a very real landscape picture with this simple brushwork and faint color, leaving endless beauty for future generations.
Say goodbye to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou
li po
My old friend resigned from the Yellow Crane Tower,
Fireworks fell in Yangzhou in March.
Lonely sails, distant shadows, blue sky,
Only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.
[Notes]
1. Yellow Crane Tower: Yellow Chicken located in Sheshan, Wuchang, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It is said that there are immortals riding yellow cranes here, so it is called Yellow Crane Tower.
Meng Haoran: Li Bai's friend.
3. one: go.
4. Guangling: namely Yangzhou.
5. Old friend: old friend, here refers to Meng Haoran.
6. Fireworks: refers to gorgeous spring scenery.
7. Everyone: Disappear.
8. just look: just look.
9. Sky: the horizon.
[Brief analysis]
Li Bai is a poet who loves nature and likes to make friends. His book According to a Constant Habit in My Life covers almost the whole of China, leaving many works praising the beauty of nature and friendship. Farewell to Meng Haoran on the Yellow Crane Tower is a famous sentence that has been sung all the time. This poem, written by Li Baiqiang during his tour of Sichuan, describes the poet's infinite attachment to seeing his friends off and the magnificence of his motherland.
The opening sentence of the poem, "An old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the West", closely follows the theme and points out the place of farewell and his relationship with the person who was sent away. The word "old friend" illustrates the profound friendship between the two poets. "Yellow Crane Tower" is a world-famous scenic spot, a place where poets hang out and meet, and also a legendary place where immortals ascend to heaven by crane. Now two elegant poets say goodbye here, which is more poetic and romantic. The second sentence, "Fireworks will descend in Yangzhou in March", followed by the first sentence. Write down the time of seeing off and the place where the person who was sent will go. "Yangzhou" is a metropolis in the southeast, which has been prosperous since ancient times. "March" is a season of beautiful spring and blooming flowers. The poet decorated "March" with "fireworks", which not only vividly wrote the gorgeous face of Yangchun, but also reminded people of the prosperous and peaceful scene of Yangzhou with flowers and embroidered curtains. The place where Meng Haoran is going is really a good place and the time is right. Li Bai naturally envies his friend's trip very much. The beautiful and vivid poem "Fireworks in March in Yangzhou" expresses the poet's inner happiness and yearning. However, Li Bai is also an emotional poet. When a friend sails, the feeling of parting arises spontaneously. From Li Taibai's poems, we can see that there are many poems between Li Bai and Meng Haoran. In a letter to Meng Haoran, Li Bai wrote: "Master, I sincerely salute you. Your reputation has risen to the sky. In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now, whitehead. " It can be seen how much Li Bai admires Meng Haoran and how deep their friendship is.
The third and fourth sentences of the poem are exactly the farewell feelings of Li Bai when he bid farewell to his poetry friends. "Lonely sails sail in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky." On the surface, these two poems are all about scenery, but in fact they have distinct poet images. "Lonely Sail" does not mean that there is only one sailboat on the vast Yangtze River, but that all the poet's attention and feelings are focused on the sailboat that his friends are riding. The poet saw off at the edge of the Yellow Crane Tower, watching his friend's boat hang sail, drifting away, getting smaller and smaller, getting blurred, leaving only a little shadow, and finally disappearing at the junction of water and sky, while the poet still stood for a long time, watching the river flow to the sky, as if entrusting his affection to the river, accompanying the accompanying boat and sending his friend to his destination. What a profound friendship these two poems express, but the word "friendship" can't be found in them. The poet skillfully pinned his deep affection for parting on the dynamic description of natural scenery, and completely integrated his feelings with the scenery, which really made him memorable.
In addition, in the rhyme of poetry, the poet also ingeniously chose the melodious rhyme of the three tones of "Lou", "Zhou" and "Liu", and recited it in a lingering way. This is very consistent with the distant scene of solitary sails, the river flowing to the sky and the poet's longing and affectionate expression. In addition, the language is beautiful and natural, and the artistic conception is rich and open. This poem really makes people like it more and more. No wonder it has been sung through the ages.
A Qing poet Shen Deqian commented on the artistic features of Li Taibai's seven-character quatrains in Tang Poems: "The seven-character quatrains are close to feelings, and more importantly, they are hidden. Just looking at the prospect, there is an implication in speaking, which makes people stay away from it, too white and awkward. " Li Taibai's four wonders are really unique in poetry.