Chang Ge Xing
The sunflowers in the green garden are waiting for the sun to set in the morning dew.
Budze in spring brings brilliance to all things.
I am often afraid that when the autumn festival comes, the yellow flowers and leaves will wither (cui).
From the east to the sea, when will the rivers return to the west?
If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable.
Solution
Long song: long singing, also refers to writing poetry;
Xing: a genre of ancient songs, the abbreviation of song Xing style, There are no restrictions on the word count or sentence length of poetry.
Long singing refers to a free style singing style with the tune of "long singing".
Bai: For the sake of rhyme, the text can be pronounced cui according to the ancient pronunciation.
This poem is selected from Volume 30 of "Yuefu Poetry Collection", the zodiac sign and the flat tune in the lyrics. "Yuefu Jietie" says that this ancient saying "suggests that youth is not long, and you should work hard for happiness. It will be sad if you don't have a boss." It is obviously a misinterpretation to understand "hard work" as "hard work for happiness." Many ancient five-character poems of the Han Dynasty lamented the short life span and advocated enjoying timely pleasures. From the overall concept of this poem, the main meaning is that the seasons change quickly and time is gone forever. Therefore, it advises people to cherish their youth and work hard to make a difference. The emotional tone is positive.
"The Collection of Yuefu Poems" is a collection of Yuefu Poems compiled by Guo Maoqian in the Song Dynasty. It has one hundred volumes and is divided into twelve categories. Starting from the Han and Wei dynasties and ending with the Five Dynasties, there are more than ten ballads from before the Qin Dynasty. In addition to the music collected from the feudal court, it also preserves a large number of folk music lyrics and new Yuefu poems created by literati. The book has a general introduction for each category, a title explanation for each song, and a review of the origin and development of various lyrics and lyrics.
Commentary
The sunflower in the green garden is exposed to the sun (xī). Garden; garden, a place for growing vegetables, flowers, fruits, and trees. Kwai: One of the important vegetables in ancient my country. There are two types: purple stems and white stems, with the white stems being the better. Large leaves and small flowers, purple-yellow flowers. Morning dew: dew in the early morning. Wait: verb, wait. Day: sun. Xi: dried in the sun. ○Describe the image of Aoi. To support things. In the spring of Budeze, all things will be radiant. Yangchun: warm spring. Cloth: verb, here it means to spread. Deze: Favor. Spring brings sunshine, rain and dew to all things, so it is said to be a blessing. All things: all kinds of living things on the earth. Shengguanghui: describes the appearance of all things full of vitality and prosperity. ○A tribute to spring. I am often afraid that when the autumn festival comes, the leaves of Kun (kūn) yellow flowers will decline. Chang: adverb expressing the persistence and consistency of a situation or time. often. Fear: verb, worry. Autumn Festival: Autumn. To: verb, to. The autumn air is chilling, and all things tend to decline and die due to their growth, so you are worried. Kunhuang: The appearance of color decay. Hua: Same as "flower". Decline: aging, decline. ○From spring to autumn, plants complete a life process. I can't help but have all kinds of feelings. From the east to the sea, when will the rivers return to the west? Baichuan: refers to all rivers. East: A directional noun is used as a verb to mean facing east or east. Hai: sea. Ho: Interrogative pronoun, used before a noun or noun phrase to modify it. Often used to express inquiries about time, place, and things. Time: noun, time. Complex: adverb, used before a verb, to express ‘the recurrence of a certain situation. It can be translated as "again" and "again". West: Location noun is used as a verb, to the west, toward the west. Return: verb, return. This sentence means that time goes by like running water and will never return. ○The change of seasons is associated with the separation of the sun and the moon. Confucius said: The deceased is like this, and he does not give up day and night. If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable. Less: Teenage period. Zhuang: adulthood. Together they refer to the first half of a person's life when they are full of vitality. Effort: Use your strength as much as possible. It means diligence. Boss: refers to the period when a person’s vitality declines. Actor: adverb, indicating that the execution of the action has not achieved results. Can be translated as "empty". sad: sad. ○It boils down to the realization of the value of life, and the scene is touching.
Translation
1) There are green sunflowers in the garden,
the dew will be dried by the morning sun.
Spring spreads the hope of happiness all over the earth,
All living things are showing prosperity and vitality.
I am only worried about the arrival of rustling autumn.
The leaves will wither and turn yellow and the grass will wither and die.
Thousands of rivers are rushing eastward and flowing into the sea.
When can they flow westward again?
It’s the same with people. If you don’t work hard when you are young,
you will only regret it when you get old.
2) There are green vegetables growing in the yard.
As soon as the sun comes out, the dew on the vegetable leaves will be dried.
The warm spring is spreading her blessings.
Everything in nature shines on the wall.
I often worry about the coming of autumn.
The flowers and leaves are all withered.
Thousands of rivers flow toward the East China Sea.
When can we return to the west?
Don’t work hard when you are young and strong.
When you are old and frail, you can only feel sad in vain.
Central idea: This poem is a poem that touches the scene and expresses the poet's advice to the world to cherish life and not to waste time.
Brief Analysis
This is a song that sings about life.
Singing about people naturally starts from the sunflower in the garden. This is called "supporting things to rise" in writing, that is, "preface other things to trigger the words to be chanted." The sunflower in the garden stands gracefully in the spring morning, with dewdrops rolling on its green leaves, shining brightly in the morning sun, like a young man full of youthful vitality. The poet extended it from the vigorous growth of sunflower in the garden and wrote about the entire nature. Due to the sunshine, rain and dew in spring, everything is shining with the light of life, and there are vibrant and prosperous scenes everywhere. These four sentences are literally a tribute to spring. In fact, they are borrowing things to compare with people. They are a hymn to the most precious thing in life - youth. An era when life is full of youthful vitality is as beautiful as spring all year round. In this way, in terms of writing, it also has a metaphorical meaning, which is the so-called "Xingerbi".
The time sequence of nature is constantly changing. In the blink of an eye, spring passes and autumn comes. The sunflowers and everything else in the garden experience spring growth and summer growth. In autumn, they mature, and the formerly brilliant leaves turn yellow and wither. Loss of vitality. The same is true in life. We grow up from youth and old age, and we also have to go through a metabolic process. This is an immovable law of nature. The poet expresses his cherishment of the fleeting "youth" with "I am always afraid of the arrival of the autumn festival". One of the words "fear" shows people's powerlessness against the laws of nature and the inevitable withering of youth. Then from the change of time sequence to the endless time and boundless space of the universe, time is like a river passing eastward, never to return. Measured by the time scale, human life cannot be resurrected after death. In the face of this eternal nature, isn't life just like the dew on the leaves that is dried as soon as it sees the sun? Aren’t they just like the green sunflower leaves that wither and wither at the sound of autumn wind? The poem shifts from the exploration of the universe to thinking about the value of life, and finally comes to the deafening conclusion of "If a young man does not work hard, an old man will be sad", and ends the poem. This reasoning process is not written literally, but readers can follow the path of the poet's thinking and use their own life experiences to supplement it: all things in nature have a process of spring and autumn, and life also has a process of young people working hard and getting older. ; All things in nature can bear fruit in autumn as long as there is sunshine, rain and dew, but people are different. They cannot succeed without their own efforts. All things decay in autumn, but they realize the value of life, so they are not sad. This is not the case for people, because "Young people don't work hard" and old people achieve nothing, isn't it the same as walking through the world in vain? It is undoubtedly better to mobilize readers to think than to think for them. Precisely because of this, this poem avoids the boring life preaching, and makes the final aphorism appear powerful, deep and implicit, like the long tolling of a bell, deeply touching the hearts of readers. The word "tu" at the end of the sentence has a profound meaning: first, it means that the boss has no success, and life is wasted; second, it means that when you wake up in old age, you will not be able to help, and you can only sigh, which is intended to emphasize that you must work hard in time.
When reading this poem, we will naturally think of the famous saying in "How Steel Was Tempered" about how human life should be spent. "The most precious thing for a person is life. Everyone has only one life. Therefore, a person's life should be spent like this: But when he looks back on the past years, he does not regret for wasting time, nor is he ashamed for accomplishing nothing; like this , when he is about to pass away, he can say frankly: I have dedicated my entire life and all my energy to the most magnificent cause in the world - fighting for the liberation of mankind." Guide readers to work hard in time. Don't waste your time, this attitude towards life is undoubtedly positive.
This "Long Song Xing" is different from other literati poems in the Han Dynasty that lamented the shortness of life and advocated carpe diem. It is a poem that sings the opposite tune and is a rare masterpiece.
A summary of basic knowledge of words and sentences
Kuih
"Kui" as the name of a vegetable refers to one of the important vegetables in ancient my country. "The Book of Songs·Binfeng·July": "In July, Kui and Shu are harvested." Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" says, "Sunflower is a common food in ancient times, but today's seeds are quite fresh." There are two types of purple stems and white stems. It has white stems and small flowers, and the flowers are purple and yellow. The smallest one is actually as big as the top of a finger, and the skin is thin and flat. The seeds are as light as elm pod kernels. "This poem "Sunflower in Qingqing Garden". "That's what it means. There is another herbaceous plant of the Compositae family also called "Kwai". Sunflower is one of them. In addition, palmetto can also be abbreviated. "Kui", the fan made from palmetto leaves is called "Kui fan". [Ba: For the sake of rhyme, it can be read as -cui according to the ancient pronunciation, one sound]
Introduction to the work:
Han Yuefu "Yuefu" was originally the official office in charge of music in ancient times. The "Yuefu Order" was established during the Qin and Western Han Dynasties under Emperor Hui. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Yuefu was larger in scale, and its function was to be in charge of the music used in the court, as well as folk songs and music. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the poems collected and sung by the Yuefu organs of the Han Dynasty were collectively called Yuefu poems. Yuefu poetry is a genre that best represents the achievements of poetry in the Han Dynasty.
The basic principle of Han Yuefu creation is "feeling sadness and joy, and responding to events" ("Hanshu Yiwenzhi"). It inherits the fine tradition of realism in The Book of Songs and reflects the social reality of the Han Dynasty broadly and profoundly. The most outstanding artistic achievement of Han Yuefu is its narrative aspect. Secondly, it is good at selecting typical details and expressing the character's character through the words and deeds of the characters. Its forms include five-character poems, seven-character poems and miscellaneous poems. What is particularly noteworthy is that the Han Dynasty Yuefu has produced a number of mature five-character poems. Most of the Yuefu poems from the Han Dynasty that have been handed down have been included in the "Collection of Yuefu Poems" compiled by Guo Maoqian from the Song Dynasty.
Appreciation:
This poem starts with "Sunflower in the Garden" and then uses the metaphor of water flowing to the sea and never coming back to illustrate that time is like running water, once it goes away it will never come back. Finally, it warns people to cherish their youth, work hard, and not regret it when they are old. This poem uses material to make sense, first using the sunflower in the garden as a metaphor. "Qingqing" refers to its lush growth. In fact, the sunshine throughout the spring Under the rain and dew, all things are striving to grow. Why is this because they are all afraid that autumn will come soon, and they know the truth of the autumn wind withering the grass. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, and life is not like this. If a person does not take advantage of it, Working hard for the good times will waste youth in vain, and it will be too late to regret when you are old. This poem reminds young people of the perishable life from the youthful beauty in front of them, and encourages young people to cherish time, give warnings, and inspire others.
Appreciation of famous quotes
[Edit this paragraph]
If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be sad.
This poem uses the metaphor of green sunflowers in the garden as a metaphor. In fact, under the sunshine and rain throughout the spring, everything is striving to grow. Because they are afraid that autumn will come soon, and they know how powerful the autumn wind is. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, so why not in life? If a person does not take advantage of the good time to study hard when he is young, his youth will be wasted in vain, and it will be too late to regret it when he is old. This poem reminds young people of the perishable life from the beauty of youth in front of them. It encourages young people to cherish time, work hard and keep in mind the warning that "an inch of time is worth an inch of gold, and an inch of gold cannot buy an inch of time." It inspires people to forge ahead.