After a long war and annexation, the narrow Nile valley was divided into two independent kingdoms, the north and the south. The north is called XiaEgypt, and the king wears a red crown, with the snake god as the protector and the bee as the national emblem. The south is called Upper Egypt, the king wears a white crown, the Condor is the protector, and Bai Baihe is the national emblem.
After a long war, Egypt was finally unified. After the reunification, a set of autocratic ruling institutions was gradually established. The supreme ruler of the country is the king, but unlike China, there are no officials under the Egyptian king.
The king is considered sacred. Stone carvings or murals paint the king as a giant god, or as an eagle or a snake. Later, people could no longer call the king by his first name, but should call him "Pharaoh".
After menes unified Egypt in the 30th century BC, Egypt entered the former kingdom period. Until 1 1 century BC, * * * experienced several times, such as the ancient kingdom, the middle kingdom and the new kingdom. Since then, Egypt has gradually declined and was invaded by Libya and Assyria.
It regained its independence in the middle of the 7th century BC. Later, it was conquered by the Persian Empire, Greece and Macedonia. Incorporated into Roman territory in 30 BC. There is no doubt that ancient Egypt is one of the cradles of world civilization.
The ancient Egyptians had a great influence on West Asia and Europe in writing, calendar, art and scientific knowledge, and made indelible contributions to mankind.
Extended data:
Ancient Egyptian civilization was formed 365,438+050 years ago. Since King Narmer unified Egypt, he has experienced the rule of 365,438+0 dynasties in seven periods: early dynasty, ancient kingdom, first middle period, middle kingdom, second middle period, new kingdom and late Egypt.
Among them, ancient Egypt reached its peak in the18th dynasty (before15th century). Upper Egypt in the southern Nile valley is now from Sudan to Ethiopia, while Lower Egypt in the northern delta region, except for part of Egypt and Libya, has its eastern border crossing the Sinai Peninsula to the Canaan Plain.
Ancient Egypt has its own hieroglyphic system, perfect political system and polytheistic religious system, and its ruler is called Pharaoh, so it is also called Pharaoh era or Pharaoh Egypt.
The land of ancient Egypt is closely distributed in the narrow strip around the Nile. The ancient Egyptians achieved great success in agricultural production by controlling and controlling the annual flood of the Nile. During the ancient Egyptian civilization of more than 3000 years, they built huge pyramids, temples and obelisks, and established the most advanced medical system in the world at that time.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Egypt