The hero was arrogant and vowed to avenge his virginity.
Drive away stubborn evil and drive without asking Wan Huhou who went to the altar.
Description: This poem expresses the author's strong will to resist gold, kill the enemy and recover lost territory.
I killed the enemy with all my might and vowed to avenge the king with loyalty and integrity.
When the enemy is destroyed and the emperor is welcomed back, I don't care about visiting generals and senior officials.
background
I. Peace negotiations in 1 14 1 year
1 14 1 year, in the eleventh year of Shaoxing in the southern song dynasty, he was a rooster. On that day, Jin Wushu led more than 100,000 soldiers, and then made a big plan. Jin Wushu is a proud man. He is furious at the thought of being killed by Yue Fei in Yancheng last year. Not only Jin Wushu, but also the nomadic people who ate Yabakui were angry, all rubbing their hands and wanting to do evil. This time, Jin Wushu pointed his finger at Yue Fei and his master. Driven by killing people without blinking an eye, Shouchun Prefecture, Chuzhou, Bozhou, Luzhou and Hezhou successively fell, and Song Jun was defeated like a wolf, and countless people were trampled to death by their own people. When Jin Wushu was full of ambition, he was bashed head-on by Liu Yong, Zhang Jun and Yang Yizhong in Gao Zhe, and had to be defeated and flee before taking revenge on Yue Fei.
Qin Gui, a wily old fox, is not complacent. He is familiar with Laozi and Zhuangzi's Zhouyi and is good at understanding the yin and yang of things. He had a heated debate with the hawks in the court. Prior to this, in the eighth year of Shaoxing, Hu Quan, editor of the Privy Council, was expelled from the civil service establishment by the newly appointed prime minister because of his outrageous remarks and self-criticism, and sent to a remote village in Guangdong for introspection. Premier Qin always seems to be the right symbol. He is gentle, but he is famous for his iron fist. Among the officials, he is the closest to the emperor, so he can give advice to the indecisive emperor at the first time. His opinion is the imperial edict, which is accepted without exception and widely spread in the form of law.
Earlier, I gave advice to Wang Zao, a straight bachelor, worried that the general was too proud and his private life was disorderly. Hu Yin, who lives in seclusion, criticized the nihilistic attitude of the army and the loss of the soldiers' minimum sacrifice spirit. Emperor Long Yan was furious, but he was not busy rectifying corruption and military discipline. On the contrary, through the opportunity of drinking a glass of wine, I learned the anecdote that my ancestor Song Gaozu had the right to relieve the military power. On the one hand, he reused civil servants, on the other hand, he sent emissaries to start peace talks with Jin Fang, in order to oust military commanders after his deviation.
Although some court officials who are not afraid of death protested in court with maximum lung capacity, the peace talks are still irreversible. The peace talks have always been conducted in an atmosphere of superficial friendship and secret competition. Fortunately, the two heads of state expressed satisfaction with the outcome of the peace talks. The main terms are as follows:
First of all, Song Chencheng won the gold medal.
2. In the Song Dynasty, 252,000 pieces of silver and 250,000 pieces of silk were paid to the Jin people.
Third, on the birthday of Jin Zhu and Zheng Dan, Song Zhu sent a special envoy to congratulate him.
4. Song cut off some land in Henan and Shaanxi to give money.
5. The border between the two countries is bordered by Huaishui in the east and Daguanguan in the west.
Secondly, Qin Gui is most interested in him.
In the early years of this dynasty, when the emperor started his career, he also tried to demote the traitor Zhang Bangchang and appointed Zhong Liang. It is a pity that, like his old father who is proficient in poetry, music and poetry, he could have lived more gracefully if it had not been for fate. Kang Wang's Zhao Gou was handsome, lacked exercise and was as helpless as most intellectuals at that time. Zhao Gou was born in troubled times, and he is also the master of ZTE. It happened that he was as timid as a mouse. Since he became king, he had to avoid the pursuit of nomads from everywhere. Even the miracle of mud horse crossing the river cannot make him an adventurer.
Yue Fei is obviously too ostentatious. Qin Gui is most interested in him. When he was young, Qin Gui liked reading. He got good grades and won the first prize in a science exam in Hui Zong Dynasty, which made him famous far and wide. This bureaucrat has the ability to spy on other people's moods. His authentic words often make the emperor forget to return, and finally he was in power for a period of time. A Portuguese missionary in16th century pointed out that in China, there are no other nobles except literati. This judgment hit the nail on the head in the weak Song Dynasty.
Because the intimate relationship between monarch and minister is too outrageous, there have been some unpleasant rumors about the relationship between Qin Huang and the prime minister. The scandal of the first dynasty is vivid, which makes officials familiar with history books can't help but imagine. Qin Shihuang prized Zhao Gao and was considerate to him because this man with a face like a crown jade has irresistible charm; Liu Che, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, was not only inseparable from the empress, but also became close friends with American teenager Yan Han. Enthusiastic people can't help but guess that it was because of Emperor Gaozong's interest in men that he finally had no children and had to decorate his face with his nephew Zhao Shuo (later Song Xiaozong)? The most bizarre statement is that Yue Fei actually died of the jealousy of his rival Qin Gui. Most of these absurd rumors were quelled after the death of Yue Fei and Qin Gui, but many years later, Emperor Gaozong, who was in the second line of decline in his later years, did something somewhat inexplicable, which made the rumors rise again.
In the thirty-second year of Shao, Song Gaozong worked hard in his later years and never asked about state affairs. He expanded the original Qin Gui residence into Deshou Palace and moved there, ready to indulge himself. At this time, although Qin Gui has ascended to heaven for many years, it has not fallen. The interior decoration is still old, and the emperor thinks about things. I wonder what he thinks. I left, leaving these halls and some things he used. That voice, that face, that smile, has long been blown away by the wind and rain. Why not protect this inheritance, just like the people who protect him? There are many questions about the cause of Qin Gui's death. Yue Zhuan said that he died of gangrene on his back, which was often confused in ancient times because its symptoms were similar to serious sexually transmitted diseases.
Qin Gui was very sad when he died, but times were different. In 1930s, the Kuomintang police who maintained the order of Yuefen and Yuemiao successfully prevented angry people from taking a shit on Qin Gui's head. Only Wang Ching-wei dares to sing praises for Qin Gui in public.
Third, the hero who lost power and influence.
1 14 1 year. After Gao Zhe's triumph, Lin 'an was full of traffic and people were thriving. The emperor issued the highest order: fight with words, not with war (to this effect). Yue Fei, who was far away from the former enemy, learned that the courtiers were engaged in politics, and could not restrain his excitement and publicly raised objections. Compared with Qin Gui, the top scholar of that year, Yue Fei's martial arts is not hard currency (this is in contrast to the era of Zhang Yimou). You know, showing off martial arts can be fatal throughout the Song Dynasty. The famous soldier who was once awarded the banner of "loyalty and Yuefei" by the emperor is now dying. It is said that the emperor was in a hurry and wanted to get rid of it quickly. He sent 12 gold medals in succession, and returned to Beijing with Yue Fei, adopted son Yue Yun and beloved Zhang Xian.
Yue Fei died in the main battle? Why did Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, Liu Guangshi and other belligerents live long? Yue Fei died of rebellion (even if it was framed)? If you die of rebellion, everyone will have to punish you for this heinous crime. Zhao Gou and Qin Gui can report to the world publicly. Why did Han Shizhong prevaricate when he asked him what law Yue Fei had committed and what law he had committed? Framing can't convince people, but killing ministers for no reason can convince people?
The only answer is that this accusation is not an appeal, and it must be related to a big secret of the court. It was speculated that Yue Fei was actually the younger brother of Emperor Gaozong, who was afraid that he would seize his own throne. Don't say that Zhao Guangyi was never such a person. Even if Yue Fei is indeed an "orphan of Zhao", how can he not exterminate the roots, keep the family members and bones of the Yue family, and not be afraid of news from his enemies? This statement is also inappropriate.
A key point is that when Yue Fei was sent down to Dali Temple, Yue Fei stripped naked to show his loyalty to the presiding judge Zhu He. Qin Gui learned that, on impulse, he wanted to confront Yue Fei face to face, but was stopped by Emperor Gaozong. The emperor said, "Don't make false accusations and shake people's hearts." What made Qin Gui do nothing? What's the secret of the emperor? Could it be that although Yue Fei served in the former enemy, he also knew everything in the palace and mastered the material of Pulp Fiction? There was a tradition of recording the private life of the first emperor in the previous dynasty. Non-royals can't keep track of the archives in the palace, but Qin Gui majored in Hui Zong's Records, which shows how close they are. After Yue Fei's death, the relationship between Zhao Gou and Qin Gui warmed up again and again. The Chronicle of the History of the Song Dynasty (30) contains the 15th year of Shaoxing in June, when Emperor Gaozong spent the night at Qin Gui's house without scruple, which was really shameless. Since then, Emperor Gaozong has often stayed in the Prime Minister's Office. Do they really have so much confidence to say? Only God knows what you can do at night. In a few days, Emperor Gaozong promoted the Qin family from top to bottom. I really love me, love my dog. In November, he gave money to Qin Gui, the minister, to build an ancestral temple for him in the sixteenth year of Shaoxing. Qin Gui is already a royal middleman. I really don't know what charm this man 17 years older than Gaozong has.
1 14 1 At the end of the second year of the peace talks, Yue Fei and his accomplices were executed on trumped-up charges. Prior to this, in the army, General Niu Hao was suspected to have died of poisoning like Arafat. In the history of China, although the mainstream ideology has always advocated loyal ministers and good generals, it is often not credible. In the eyes of these emperors, what is the national event compared with satisfying personal desires?
Sad husband, this is really "but before he conquered, he was dead, and heroes have been crying on their coats since then". Almost at the same time, Jigong, a "Buddhist hippie", became a monk in Lingyin Temple, and gradually opened the folk market by pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity, becoming the only hero loved by people because of his madness in China history.
Reading in winter night, Xianzi said
The ancients learned nothing, and it takes time to grow old.
What you get on paper is so shallow that you never know what you have to do.
To annotate ...
Instruction: teaching and warning;
(Yu): Lu You's youngest son.
Learning: refers to reading and learning.
Try your best: use all your strength without reservation.
Start: Only.
Paper: books.
Finally: After all.
Sleep: extreme, the most.
Shallow: less.
Never know: go deep; A thorough understanding.
Practice: Practice in person.
On the fifth anniversary of Song Ningzong's family celebration, that is, at the end of 1 199, Lu You wrote a poem entitled "Reading on a Winter Night, Showing Your Children".
This poem means that the ancients spared no effort in learning. Struggle for it all your life, often from youth to old age.
In order to succeed. After all, the knowledge gained from books is superficial, and you can't understand the true meaning of knowledge. You should really understand the contents of the book.
Profound truth must be practiced and experienced by yourself.
This is a very famous poem. In this poem, on the one hand, the poet emphasizes the need to persevere in learning and work hard early.
Lest "young people don't work hard, old people are sad", and they will achieve nothing in the future and regret it. On the other hand, it emphasizes the kung fu of learning.
"Where" is the key to learning, that is, don't be satisfied with literal understanding, but practice, in practice.
Deepen understanding. Only in this way can we turn the knowledge in books into our practical skills.
On the relationship between books and practice, the poet emphasizes the importance of practice, which accords with the viewpoint of materialist epistemology. This view of the author not only
Learning and seeking knowledge in feudal society is a valuable experience, which is also very enlightening to people today.
Very valuable insights.
Writer's background Lu You (1125-1210) is a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He studied diligently all his life and wrote many beautiful poems to educate his children. He has a patriotic heart. These poems are not only full of ardent expectations for children, but also reflect the poet's profound educational thoughts, among which Reading on a Winter Night is a favorite work of the world.
Poetry: "the ancients learned nothing, and it takes time to get old." I feel that it is an armchair strategist and I don't know if this should be done. "
This is a philosophical poem, written in the fifth year of Qingyuan in Ningzong (1 199). The whole poem has only four short sentences, which are catchy to read and far-reaching in artistic conception.
The aftertaste is endless.
Yu Zi is the son of Lu You. On a cold winter night, Lu You indulged in his study and liked reading poetry books. The north wind roared outside the window, and the air conditioning was oppressive.
The poet forgot myself, but in the silent night, he couldn't restrain his pentium and enthusiasm, and resolutely waved eight "Reading on a Winter Night"
Yu Zi gave this poem to his son with deep affection. This is the third poem handed down through the ages.
In the first two sentences of the poem, the author said that the ancients always tried their best to study. Only by redoubling your efforts as a teenager can you achieve something in the future. He learned it from the ancients.
From the beginning of study, Kan Kan and Kan Kan talked about it, which made people feel cordial and fresh, like a spring breeze. Among them, the word "absolute power" describes the diligence of the ancients in learning.
The degree of effort and persistence is both vivid and vivid. The second sentence expounds the principle of persisting in learning, and also emphasizes "young workers"
The importance of a husband. He earnestly warned his son to seize the good time, work hard while he was young, and don't let his youth be wasted.
Flow. This is serious and affectionate.
In the last two sentences of the poem, the author talks about the superficial knowledge gained from books, and only through personal practice can it become his own thing. He learns from books and knowledge.
The relationship between social practice emphasizes the importance of practice and highlights its extraordinary insight. "Be diligent" has two meanings: one is the learning process.
Scholars strive to achieve "mouth-to-mouth, hand-to-hand and mouth-to-mouth", followed by "practice" after acquiring knowledge, which is a kind of "practice".
Turn it into your own through personal practice and turn it into your own use. The author's intention is very obvious, aiming at encouraging his son not to be unilaterally satisfied with book knowledge, but to be practical.
Consolidate and further sublimate in practice. His unique insights, not only in ancient times, are valuable experiences for those who study and seek knowledge, even in
Modern science and technology are changing with each passing day, which still has strong enlightenment and reference significance. The quatrains: Xiuzi.
Appreciating this poem, (Yu), the poet's youngest son, tells his son the truth of learning. The first sentence is a compliment to the hard-working spirit of the ancients. "Heritage" means to keep. "Don't work hard", don't keep, go all out. The second sentence is about the difficulty of learning. Only by starting from teenagers, forming good habits and laying a good foundation, and after decades of hard work, can we finally achieve something. Otherwise, it can only be "young people don't work hard, and the boss is sad." This is to warn my son with the spirit of hard work and the arduousness of learning: learning must have the spirit of perseverance and perseverance. In the last two sentences, the poet further pointed out the importance of practical experience. "From paper" refers to book knowledge. "Never know about it" is to really catch the inside story. "Practice" refers to personal practice and seeing is believing. It is important to study knowledge tirelessly and persistently, but it is not enough, because it is only book knowledge and a summary of previous practical experience. Whether it can meet the situation here and now remains to be tested by practice. A person who has both book knowledge and practical experience is truly learned.
This poem wins by thought and philosophy, and lets us learn from rational speculation. Reading Yu Zi on a Winter Night: The ancients devoted all their resources to learning. The efforts made in adolescence are often successful when they are old, and the knowledge gained from books is still imperfect after all. To understand it deeply, you must practice it yourself.
Introduction to Lu You: Patriotic Poet ~ Lu You
Lu You was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) in the Song Dynasty. His father, Lu Zai, was not only a literary creation handed down from ancient times, but also a famous bibliophile at that time. In the second year of Lu You's birth, the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Jin people. After a period of exile with his father, Lu You returned to his hometown in Yin Shan. Lu Zai is not only a scholar, but also an intellectual with patriotic thoughts. He often contacts with people with lofty ideals and talks about the situation in his country. Under the influence of his father, young Lu You has planted the seeds of literature and patriotism.
At the age of 29, he took the Jinshi exam. Because he was ranked before Sun () and he was willing to recover, he was repeatedly excluded and was reused until his death. At the age of 20, Lu You made the ambition of "getting on the horse and attacking the crazy Hu, dismounting and writing the army". At the age of 30, he took the examination of does, ranking first. Because of the "theory of recovery happiness", he was hit by the capitulator Qin Gui and was removed from the list. However, he is not depressed. After returning to his hometown, he still studied the art of war and studied hard to prepare for resisting Jin Weiguo. 1 162, Zhao Shen of Song Xiaozong used the hawk Zhang Jun to prepare for the Northern Expedition. Xiao Zong summoned Lu You, who took this opportunity to put forward many political and military ideas and gave Zhao Shen strong support. However, when the Northern Expedition failed, Song made peace with Jin once again, Xiao Zong's will was shaken, the main peace faction in the DPRK rose again, Zhang Jun was dismissed from office, and Lu You was also dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown. 1 170, Lu You went to Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan) as a general judge. Later, he went to the shogunate of Fu Xuan's ambassador to Sichuan, Wang Yan, to deal with military affairs, and actively put forward the operational strategy of restoring the Central Plains to Wang Yan. However, due to the obstruction and destruction of the Korean capitulationists, Wang Yan was recalled to the court and the shogunate was removed. Not only did Lu You's fighting idea not come true, but he was also transferred to the appeasement department of Chengdu Prefecture as an official.
11In the summer of' 73, he served as the judge (deputy state official) of Zhou Shu (Sichuan and Chongqing). Soon, he was transferred to the History Department (Leshan, Sichuan) and returned to Zhou Shu at the end of the year. There is no way to serve the country and love the people. Finally, in 1 174 10, Lu You was transferred to Rongzhou (Rongxian County, Sichuan Province) to take charge of state affairs. Although Lu You has been in Zhou Shucai for more than a year, he has deep feelings for Zhou Shu. Even when he returned to his hometown in Yin Shan, Zhejiang Province in his later years, he wrote many poems in memory of Zhou Shu. Zhou Shuren people also miss the poet who set the poet free. When the poet grew up, he built a temple next to the People's Flower Pool for him and Zhao Tuan (a court official in the Song Dynasty who used to be an official), named Zhao Temple, and later renamed it "Erxian Temple". Now, "Erxian Temple" has been transformed into "Luyou Memorial Hall".
During the past 30 years (from 33 to 65 years old), because Lu You always adhered to the idea of resisting gold, he was incompatible with power, and was immediately dismissed after being used repeatedly, and suffered many merciless blows and crowding out in his official career. Lu You's career was ups and downs, and he was invited by Wang Yan, the propaganda envoy of Sichuan and Shaanxi, to serve in his shogunate, which was the most exciting period in his life. Not far from the boundary between Song and Jin Dynasties, the mountains and rivers are magnificent and the weather is magnificent. Military life also broadened his horizons and made him write many passionate poems. Nearly ten years later, Lu You's life cannot be separated from Sichuan. During his stay in Sichuan, his poetry creation was the most active period. In order to commemorate this period of life, he named his poem "The Draft of Jian Nan Poetry".
In the second year of Xichun (A.D. 1 175), Fan Chengda was transferred to Sichuan, and Lu You was invited as a Senate officer. Because they are friends of poetry, they are not polite to each other, and because Lu Youxi likes to drink and sell his worries, it has aroused the dissatisfaction and slander of his colleagues. The court then dismissed him from his official position on the grounds of "letting go by drinking", so he simply called himself "letting go". Although he was dismissed from his post in real life, the poet's name "Fang Weng" is well known.
He left Sichuan and Shaanxi at the age of 54. In the past ten years, Lu You's career has experienced ups and downs. At the age of 65, he was appointed as a historian for the last time. However, because he refused to accept the salary, he wrote to the emperor many times, complaining about the current situation and angering the authorities. He was dismissed again on charges of "singing folk songs and worshiping Yue Bai". This is because he has always insisted on resisting gold and wrote these thoughts into his own poems, which is caused by the jealousy of the Lord and the faction. ) Back in Yin Shan, Lu You simply took the word "romantic" as Xiao Xuan's name. About 20 years from his retirement to his death, most of his time was spent in the countryside, and Weng Fang actually participated in farming, so he had a profound understanding of rural life.
In my 20 years' home life, I have written nearly 7,000 poems, most of which are chapters describing rural scenery and reflecting farmers' life. Ning Zongjia settled down for two years, and the poet finally ended up with unfinished ambition to return to the Central Plains. Before his death, he did not forget to expel the Jin people and recover the ambition of the Central Plains. The poem "Shizi" is his last words to his son, and it is the epitome of the poet's ambition, personality and strong patriotic passion. "Lonely and loyal, tragic, can make the gods cry." "I knew everything was empty when I died, but I looked at Kyushu sadly. Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news! 」
Zhu Ziqing quoted Weng's poem "Drunk to White Cliff" in the article "Spring", and copied it as follows:
Everything is empty, and this year's binge drinking makes it stagger. Calling fast horses to welcome the new moon, but riding lightly to prevent the night breeze.
Eight thousand is a frequent visitor on the road, and fifty doesn't know her husband. The absence of chaotic mountains is like a horizontal line, shaking your fingers in the green haze of the lonely city.
For more than 800 years, Zhou Shuren people have missed this great patriotic poet, and people have helped the old and brought the young. I have come a long way to pay my respects to Lu You. Qihuachi is the place where Lu You lived. The trees and flowers in the waterside pavilion here are engraved with the poems of this great poet who cares about the country and the people.