Seven-step Poetry is from Shi Shuo Xin Yu, which is said to be a famous work of Cao Zhi, a famous scholar of Wei State in the Three Kingdoms period. This poem uses the seeds and beans from the same root to compare the half-brothers, and uses the seeds and beans to compare the brothers who killed their younger brothers, vividly and simply reflecting the cruel struggle within the feudal ruling group and the poet's own difficult situation, depressed and angry thoughts and feelings.
But whether this poem was written by Cao Zhi is still controversial.
original work
Version 1 (from Shi Shuo Xin Yu)
Boiled beans are used as soup and fermented into juice.
Honey burns under the pot, and beans cry in the pot.
We are born from the same root, so why rush to speculate with each other?
Version 2 (from Romance of the Three Kingdoms)
Boil beans and burn beans, and the beans cry in the pot.
We are born from the same root. What's the hurry?
Vernacular translation
Version 1
Boil the beans in a pot, filter out the residue of the beans, and leave the bean juice as soup. The beanstalk burns under the pot, and the beans cry in the pot. Beans and beanstalks originally grew on the same root. How can beanstalk torture beans in such a hurry?
Version 2
The beans are boiling in the pot, the beanstalk is burning under the pot bottom, and the beans are crying in the pot. Beans and beanstalks originally grew on the same root. How can beanstalk torture beans in such a hurry?
Cao Zhi (192-232 65438+February 27th) was born in Dongwuyang (now Shenxian), Bozhou, Anhui. He is the third son of Cao Cao and Empress Wu Xuan. He was Wang Chen. After his death, posthumous title was also called "Si".
Cao Zhi was a famous writer of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. As one of the representatives and epitomizers of Jian 'an literature, he was promoted to the position of a model article in the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. His representative works include Luo Shen Fu, White Horse, Seven Wounded Poems, etc. Because of his literary attainments, later generations are called "Three Caos" with Cao Cao and Cao Pi.
His poems are good at vigorous brushwork and thrush, and have been lost in 30 volumes. Today, The Collection of Cao Zijian was compiled by Song people. Cao Zhi's prose also has the characteristics of "appealing to both refined and popular tastes and elegant style", and its genre is rich and diverse, which makes him make outstanding achievements in this respect. Xie Lingyun, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, commented that "there is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian monopolizes eight fights". Zhong Rong, the author of "Poetry", also praised Cao Zhi for his "extraordinary personality, colorful words, elegant feelings and resentment, literary talent, overflowing in the present and standing out from the crowd." As the highest-ranking poet in the book "Poetry" and the founder of China's lyrical character, he has the historical position of "a generation of poets" in the history of poetry. Wang Shizhen evaluated the poets who have lived for two thousand years since the Han and Wei Dynasties as "immortals", including Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi.
The life of the character
Talent is urgent.
In the third year of Chuping (192), Cao Zhi was born in Dongwuyang. Cao Zhi is the third son of Cao Cao and Mrs. Bian (Mrs. Bian gave birth to four sons for Cao Cao: Pi, Zhang, Zhi and Xiong). [4] At that time, Cao Cao had not yet gained a foothold in the north, lacked a fixed base, and his family often went with the army. Therefore, Cao Zhi, like many brothers, spent his childhood in a hectic life. This kind of military life was not changed until the ninth year of Jian 'an (2004), when Cao Cao defeated his arch rival Yuan Shao Group and conquered Yecheng (now Linzhang, Hebei), which he had managed for many years.
Cao zhi
Cao Zhi was very clever since he was a child. As a teenager, he can read The Book of Songs, The Analects of Confucius and the Ci and Fu of the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties. A hundred schools of thought contend and are widely involved. He is quick-thinking and sharp-tongued. When meeting Cao Cao, he often answers irrelevant questions and blurts them out. Cao Cao once read an article written by Cao Zhi and asked him in surprise, "Did you ask someone to write it for you?" Cao Zhi replied, "Whatever you say, just write an article. You just have to take the exam face to face. Why do you want to ask someone to do it for you! "
In addition, he is frank and natural, does not pay attention to solemn appearance, gorgeous chariots and horses, and does not pursue splendor and wealth, which naturally suits Cao Cao's taste. Gradually, Cao Cao began to transfer his love to Cao Zhi.
In August of the 11th year of Jian 'an (2006), 15-year-old Cao Zhi arrived in Chunyu (now the northeast of Anqiu) with his father for the first time.
In January of the 12th year of Jian 'an (2007), when he returned to Yecheng, he said "Haidong" in Seeking the Self-Test Table. /kloc-in September of 0/6, Cao Zhi followed his father to March northward to Liucheng (now Chaoyang, Liaoning). He said in "Seeking Self-Test Table" that "going north to announce the fortress" was the meaning of this trip, and "White Horse" was a portrayal of Cao Zhi's struggle with his father during this period.
In July of the 13th year of Jian 'an (2008), 17-year-old Cao Zhi went to Xinye with his father, and then fought in Chibi with his father and Sun Quan.
In the 14th year of Jian 'an (209), Cao Zhi returned to his hometown in Bozhou with his father for the first time.
Prince's dispute
In the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (2 10), the Tongque Terrace built by Cao Cao in Yecheng was completed, and a group of scholars were called to "pay tribute on the stage", among which Cao Zhi was one. Of all the people, Cao Zhi was the only one who put pen to paper with a little thought. He was the first to hand in his paper, which was called "Ode on the Stage". Since then, Cao Cao has placed high hopes on Cao Zhi, thinking that he is the person who can achieve great things most.
In the autumn of the sixteenth year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), Cao Zhi, who had just finished the coronation ceremony, bid farewell to the luxurious life in Yecheng temporarily and volunteered to follow his father to the Western Expedition. I waded all the way and didn't come home for one night. When the army of the Western Expedition moved to Luoyang, the imperial capital, Cao Zhi was shocked by what he saw: the former prosperity of Luoyang disappeared without a trace, and there were ruins and thorns everywhere. The once glorious Forbidden City has become a ruin, disappearing into weeds, and pieces of yellow leaves are flying in the city. Cao Zhi, full of blood, left Luoyang with the Western Expeditionary Army with a heart of making contributions and continuing westward. After more than a year of annexation war, the western regions finally ended the chaotic situation of scattered sand and ushered in its stability and tranquility. Cao Zhi, the victorious Cao Zhi, was soon named Linzi Hou.
Three Kingdoms Cao Zhi 12
During the period of Yecheng, one thing was very important to Cao Zhi, which influenced his life, and that was the dispute between Wang and Sun.
In the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), Cao Zhi was renamed Linzihou. This year, Cao Cao levied Sun Quan, ordered Cao Zhi to stay in Yecheng, and admonished him: "I was twenty-three years old when I served as Dunqiuling, and I never regretted what I did at that time. Now that you are 23 years old, how can you not work hard to become stronger! " Cao Zhi was favored for his talent, so Rockett, Ding Gang, Yang Xiu and others came to help him. Cao Cao hesitated and almost made Cao a prince several times. However, Cao Wenzhi's popularity is too good, and he is also talented. He often acts willfully, neglects self-restraint, and drinks excessively. He has done several things that make Cao Cao very disappointed.
Especially in the twenty-second year of Jian 'an (2 17), when he was far away from Cao Cao, he took a royal chariot and horse, opened the Sima Gate of the palace gate, and indulged himself in the forbidden road where only emperors could hold ceremonies until he enjoyed himself in Guinness. He has long forgotten Cao Cao's decrees. Cao Cao was furious and carried out the bus order in charge of royal chariots and horses. Since then, the laws and regulations on governors have been aggravated, and Cao Zhi has gradually lost Cao Cao's trust and love. In October, Cao Cao called Cao Pi a prince. From then on, Cao Zhi bid farewell to the high-spirited and hard-working life stage and fell into deep sorrow and depression.
In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Cao Ren was besieged by Guan Yu. Cao Cao asked Cao Zhi to be the commander of the Southern Corps, recruited generals, and led troops to solve Coss. After the order was given, Cao Zhi was as drunk as a fiddler and was not ordered. Cao Cao regretted it and stopped using him.
Luoshui sentiment
In the first month of the 25th year of Jian 'an (220), Cao Cao died of illness in Luoyang, and Cao Pi succeeded to the throne. Cao Zhishi was 29 years old, and he was the author of "Qing Shang Wen Di Chan Biao" and "On Wade". After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he took strict precautions against Cao Zhi. Later, under the pressure of his mother Bian Shi, Cao Pi had to mobilize Cao Zhi many times. Cao Zhi's life changed from then on. He changed from a noble prince who lived a leisurely life to an object that was restricted and hit everywhere.
The full-length portrait of Cao Zhi, Gu Kaizhi's "Luoshen Fu Tu".
In the second year of Huang Chu (22 1), 30-year-old Cao Zhi moved to Houan Township (now Houcheng, Jinzhou, Hebei Province), with 800 households in the city; In July of that year, it was renamed Juancheng Hou (now Juancheng County, Shandong Province), which was the chronicle of Noda Huangque Brigade. This change of seal became an important turning point in Cao Zhi's life.
In April of Huang San (222), Cao Zhi, aged 3 1 year, was named Juancheng King, with 2,500 households. That is, on his way back to Juancheng after being knighted, he wrote the famous Luo Shenfu. In the Ode to Luoshen, the poet described a beautiful and affectionate goddess, regarded her as a symbol of her beautiful ideal, and entrusted her with her admiration and love for it. He also invented Luo Shen's story of seeking love, symbolizing his ardent pursuit of beautiful ideals; Finally, through the description of the failure of love, it shows that their pursuit of ideals is shattered.
Worry about life
In the fourth year of Huang Chu (223), 32-year-old Cao Zhitu became the king of Qiu Yong.
In the sixth year of Huang Chu (AD 225), Cao Pi returned from the southern expedition, passed by Qiu Yong and met Cao Zhi, adding another 500 households.
In the seventh year of Huang Chu (226), Cao Pi died of illness and Cao Cao succeeded to the throne, namely Wei Mingdi. Cao Zhi, who goes forward bravely, is eager to display his talents. He wrote passionately to Cao Cao many times, demanding political appointment. Boxing heart can make a heart of stone move. Cao Cao, who is too calm and rational, is as old as an ancient well and humble. He only pays lip service to Cao Zhi's various confessions and demands. Cao Cao still kept strict precautions and restrictions on him, and his situation did not fundamentally improve. During the period of Emperor Wenming 12, Cao Zhi moved to Chenjun several times.
In the third year of Taihe (229), 38-year-old Cao Zhitu was sent to East Afghanistan. During this period, he devoted himself to studying Buddhist scriptures, learned about Brahma in Yushan and founded Brahma.
In the sixth year of Taihe (232), Cao Zhi was renamed Chen Wang. Cao Zhi died of depression in June of 1 1 at the age of 4 1, and was buried in East Ayushan according to his wishes. Later generations called him "King Chen" or "King Chen Si".
political thought
Sancao attached great importance to ensnaring folk hermits and tried to gather all the hermit talents scattered among the people. On the one hand, Sancao criticized the absurdity of shaking the hermit's belief and made everyone quit the mountains and join the WTO to govern the country. On the other hand, he praised his own sentiment, regarded hermits as kindred spirits, and intended to recruit hermits and talents, so that everyone could join the WTO to govern the country and assist the monarch and ministers in the world. Cao Pi's Artemisia on the Great Wall begins with a short life and asks, "What do I vaguely want now?" Then the material enjoyment of China's entry into WTO lured hermits out of the mountain and made contributions for them. This poem was influenced by Cao Zhi's "Seven Wonders" to persuade hermits to go out to make contributions. On the one hand, it shows that Sancao wants to make a difference, on the other hand, it also shows that a large number of hermits are not used by the court.
Under the guise of a mirror machine and a Wei Xuanzi, Cao Zhi's "Qi Qi Qi" discusses the beauty in seven aspects: diet, appearance, feather hunting, palace, debauchery, friendship and kingliness. The main purpose of this fu is to recruit talented people and help the monarch to save the world. Written in the 15th year of Jian 'an (2 10) after the publication of the order of seeking talents. The article said, "Did you get caught by Brown Huai Yu in Weibin today?" The author expressed his feelings accordingly. Imitating the great fu system in Mei Cheng's Seven Hair in Han Dynasty, assuming that the mirror machine and the hermit Xuanweizi cascade questions and answers, criticizing the behaviors of "vain and quiet", "flying free from vulgarity" and "seclusion", using the mirror machine to describe dishes, ornaments, feather hunting, palaces and pavilions, the beauty of lewdness, and the strange and unusual behavior of rangers and handsome guys. Finally, he advised Xuan to "follow the son" and expressed his political attitude and ideal ambition of "a gentleman keeps his name, but a wise man loses his honor and never goes back to the world". The article system is grand, elaborate, flowery and generous, which turns the rambling style of Qi Mao into a well-organized and detailed description, fluent and vivid.