Dreaming of eternal prosperity, poetic eyes are tired of the world. Kong Mu, Wu Gong, Chu Temple West Western jackdaw. A few huts, 10 thousand books, for the old village family. What happened in the mountains? Pine flowers make wine and spring water makes tea. "
Yao sui, a writer of yuan zaju, wrote in "the more the carving is flat"
Lan Ren sent clothes and wrote: "If you want to send clothes, you can't return them. If you don't send clothes, it will be cold. It is difficult for me to send or not to send a room. "
Poetry is a highly concise language art, which should be written into short sentences under the restriction of rhythm and rhyme.
Scenery, lyricism, narration and things should all be carefully chosen, and poets must pay attention to "refining the word J", that is, fine tempering and creative collocation when choosing words and making sentences, so that the words used can be concise, subtle, vivid and profound. As the saying goes, "A good writer is rich in Wan Wen, but poor in one word" (Grandma Liu Xie in the Southern Dynasties was still a fledgling girl, and she was not allowed to read it until her hair was combed. "
Li Yu, a dramatist in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Although it is expensive and novel, it must be new and accurate. Appropriateness and accuracy
Don't cross the word' reason'. Ouyang Xiu in the Song Dynasty also believed that "poets are greedy for good sentences, and if they are unreasonable, they are not good at saying them. It is said that Qing Feng, a frontier poet in the Tang Dynasty, once went to Taizhou as an observer in Zhejiang, passing through Hangzhou, and wrote a poem on the wall of the monk's room: "The autumn wind in Jueling is cool, and the crane turns over its wet clothes. Before the village, the moon fell on a river, and the monk opened a bamboo building in Cuiwei. " After writing, he continued on his way. When he passed the Qiantang River, the moon was setting, and the tide of the river receded with the wind, with only half of the river. He thought that he used "the water of a river" to describe the river tide on a moonlit night, which was obviously not in line with the actual situation, so he decided to go to the monk's room to reform poetry after returning from inspection. When I came back from official business to change my poem, I suddenly saw that the word "one" was changed to the word "half" by several strokes. He had to sigh that there were so many talents here that the "half" river was reasonable. The truth of the story is not important. Importantly, it shows that poets must choose words carefully and use them accurately. This accuracy conforms to the common sense of life (artistic imagination and exaggeration conform to the truth of emotion) and the needs of the overall realm of poetry.
"To find out the secret of refining words, the key is to find out their essence, not simply from each one.
Look at their function and aesthetic feeling in different sentences. In the Tang Dynasty, Miracle wrote a poem "Early Plum": "All trees are frozen and ready to break, but the only root is warm and lonely. Snow covered the village. Last night, flowers were in full bloom in the snow. The breeze is blowing towards Mei, so it has no emotional appeal. Avon's clean posture makes the birds jumpy. If the plum blossom can blossom on time next year, I hope it can bloom on the spring terrace of people's love. " According to the biography of talented people in Tang Dynasty, Miracle used this poem to consult Zheng Gu, a poem
Couplets were originally named "Zita Law Lane in Thousand Villages", and a few were counted last night. "Zheng Gu said after reading several branches is not" early ",it is better to count" one ". Deeply admired by Miracle, he changed "several branches" to "one branch" and called Zheng Gu "a word teacher".
The poet takes a piece of snow in the wild as the background of solitary plum blossoms, and "a flower" is the finishing touch: "Plum blossoms before a hundred flowers, meaning" early "; And this "flower" quietly blooms before all the plum blossoms, which makes this plum blossom look different. In other words, the word "one branch" is more vivid and appropriate than "several branches". From the perspective of concept application, "Yizhi" can more accurately reflect the situation described by the author and the meaning of "Zao". For example, this force can echo the following "Next year, like the law, look forward to Chuntai first".
"Moonless scenery is not beautiful, and moonless wine is tasteless."
When Wang Anshi was prime minister, he once went to Chaozhou (now Guangdong).
Have dinner at a friend's house. At night, the moon is bright, flowers are dancing, birds and insects are singing together. The host took the opportunity to write a poem. There are two sentences: "The bright moon is whistling in the sky, and the yellow dog is lying in the heart." Everyone looked at it and was full of praise. The host asked Wang Anshi to comment. After reading it, Wang Anshi said, "The poem is well written except for two sentences." The host quickly asked, "Which two sentences are wrong?" Wang Anshi didn't answer, raised his pen, and changed "the moon is crying in the sky, and the yellow dog lies in the flower heart" to "the moon is shining in the sky, and the yellow dog lies in the flower shadow". Then he put down his pen and explained, "These two sentences are inappropriate. Think about it, when will the moon crow and the yellow dog sleep? " "Adults don't know," the host hurriedly explained the situation. "We have a local bird that can fly and call, and everyone calls it the bright moon. There is also a bug that often sleeps in the flower heart. We locals call it' Yellow Dog'. The' bright moon' and' yellow dog' in my poem refer to this kind of insect bird! " The "bright moon" written by the owner refers to a local bird, but Wang Anshi thinks it is the moon in the sky; The "yellow dog" written by the owner refers to a local bug, but Wang Anshi thinks it is a dog running on the ground. A word expresses two completely different concepts, and misreading the word also misreads the poem.
Ziri: "The book is not full of words, and the words are not full of meaning.