First of all, the songs of primitive times
Working people create and pass it on by word of mouth. For example, some labor songs combine sounds and languages according to the rhythm of labor. Poetry in primitive times is closely related to music and dance, and "sound" is more important than "meaning". The rhythm is short and vivid, and the poem is short.
Second, the four-character poem (Book of Songs)
It originated from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, and its masterpiece is The Book of Songs, which created the fine tradition of China's poetic realism.
The book of songs, the earliest collection of poems in China, can be divided into "style, elegance and praise", and its manifestations can be summarized as "fu, comparison and xing" The sentence pattern is dominated by four characters, with repeated composition and double voice in language.
The Book of Songs reflects all aspects of social life from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, and is the glorious starting point of China's ancient poetry realism. For example, self-protection, naked, quiet girls and so on.
Storytelling, Book of Songs and Feng Wei
Vole, vole, don't eat my millet! Three years old, I am willing to take care of you. Death will come to you, suitable for another heaven. That promised land, that promised land, is my good place!
Vole, vole, don't eat my wheat! Three-year-old you, Mo Wokende. Death will come to you and you will be happy in your country. That country, that country of music, is my good place!
Rat, vole, don't eat my seedlings! Three years old, I am willing to work. Death will come to you, and you will be happy in the suburbs. That happy suburb, that happy suburb, who is still lamenting the long cry!
To annotate ...
Rat: Rat, also known as vole, is used here as a metaphor for rulers who are insatiable for exploitation. 2 penetration: clothing also. "Three-year-old daughter" means to serve you for many years. Three-year-old Tan Jiu, female, through you, you, here refers to the ruler. 3 "Death" as an oath. "Go find that girl" and leave. (4) "Therefore" is still. "Place" refers to a place where you can live. 5 Germany: Ye Hui. ⑥ "Straight" is a numerical value. "Keep me upright" means that my labor has paid a considerable price. All landowners old: condolences. 8 "ambition" is still its. Yong Hao is still happy. In the last two sentences, who will be happy if there is no more grief and indignation?
translate
Mouse, mouse, don't eat my millet! I have worked hard to raise you for several years, but you ignore my life. Swear to leave you and go to that ideal new paradise. New paradise, new paradise, is a good place to live!
Mouse, mouse, don't eat my barley! Who will be grateful for raising you for so many years? Swear to leave you and go to the ideal new music city. New willingness, new willingness, labor value belongs to yourself!
Mouse, mouse, don't eat my seedlings! Who will comfort you after working hard to feed you for so many years and sweating? Swear to leave you and go to that ideal new music suburb. New Music Suburb, New Music Suburb, who has been there?
Third, Sao poetry (Chu ci style)
It was born in the Warring States period, and its masterpiece is Songs of the South. Qu Yuan is the first great poet in the history of China literature, and The Songs of the South initiated the fine tradition of poetic romanticism.
Qu Yuan, a great poet, created a new form of ballad "Chu Ci" on the basis of Chu Ci. Its sentence pattern is uneven, with the word "Xi" in it, which is suitable for freely expressing different emotions and expressing more complicated contents.
The characteristics of Chu ci:
1, with rich imagination, gorgeous language and romantic style.
2. "Everyone writes Chu language, making Chu sound, remembering Chu land and naming Chu objects" has a strong local color.
3. The sentences of Chu Ci are uneven, rich and varied, and generally long in length.
4. Commonly used modal particle "Xi" (at the end of the sentence: strengthening the overall tone, in the sentence: indicating pause)
His excellent chapters include Li Sao, Tian Wen, Jiu Ge and Jiu Zhang.
Shan Gui's Nine Songs (Excerpt)
If someone is a mountain, Xue Lixi will take care of her daughter; Laughing is awkward and decent, and children are eager to be kind and gentle;
Take the red leopard from the text, and the Xinyi car will be noble; Being brought to Du Heng by Shi Lan Xi, I lost my mind;
translate
It's as if someone crossed the deep mountain canyon, dressed in Ficus pumila and wrapped a radish around his waist. Looking forward to it, smiling, gentle and lovely, charming. Driving a red leopard, following civets, taking Xinyi as a car, and decorating the national flag with osmanthus. Wear Shi Lan Du Heng to fold flowers and chat about sending lovesickness.
Described an extremely elegant beauty image, but also the legendary goddess in the mountains.
Fourth, Yuefu poems (miscellaneous poems, five-character poems)
The time is the Han Dynasty, and the representative work is Yuefu poetry.
Yuefu: an institution that collects and arranges folk songs and sings them with music.
Content: Inherit the realistic tradition of The Book of Songs. Shang Xie and Shang Mo sang.
Language: simple, natural and vivid.
Sentence pattern: five characters are the main characters.
Han Yuefu Poetry: Inheriting the realistic tradition of The Book of Songs, it truly and profoundly reflects the broad social life from different levels and expresses the sincere and simple thoughts and feelings of the people. One of the most famous works is the long narrative poem Peacock Flying Southeast, which reflects the contradiction between marriage and family.
The Han Yuefu is mainly composed of five miscellaneous words with flexible forms, which greatly promoted the development of China's classical poetry.
evil
Evil! I want to know you and live a long life.
There are no tombs in the mountains, the rivers are dry, there is Lei Zhen in winter, and there is rain and snow in summer. Heaven and earth are in harmony, but dare to break with you!
God, I want to know you and fall in love with you, and I will never change my mind. Unless the mountains are razed to the ground, the rivers are all dried up, the thunder rumbles in winter, the snow falls in midsummer, and heaven and earth are no longer connected, then I will part ways with him.
Evil is the vow of lovers in love for love. Its language is simple, uneven and unadorned, but it has thrilling power. In the poem, the hero uses five natural phenomena that can never appear, which show that he loves each other until the end of the world. This poem fully embodies the strong and direct feelings of Han Yuefu folk songs.
Peacock flies southeast (excerpt)
Peacocks fly southeast and wander for five miles.
"At the age of thirteen, I can weave, and at the age of fourteen, I can learn to tailor. Fifteen bullets-I hope to adopt them.