Where is the literature review written in the paper? Literature review should be written in the first chapter of the paper. It can be named as literature review or research background in a separate chapter, or it can be placed in the first section of the first chapter as background introduction! But don't forget to write a summary before the first chapter!
The content of community work needs concrete examples rather than theories. Thank you! The expenses (different from place to place) such as the statistical investigation of the minimum living allowance object, community cultural activities, health promotion, and supporting the army, helping the streets to carry out various surveys and statistics, and organizing donations of materials, etc.
Are case reports and literature reviews works?
"Essay" refers to "argumentative essay" (Ci Hai) and "research works" (Chinese dictionary; "Arguments and writings, later also called argumentative essays" (etymology). The explanation of "paper" is "an article to discuss and study a certain problem" (Chinese dictionary); "Academic papers are articles that systematically and concretely discuss and study certain knowledge" (Teaching Course of Writing published by East China Normal University Press); "scientific papers should discuss some important new knowledge of experiments, theories or observations, or the progress of a known principle in practical application" (how to write scientific papers, author m o' connor, etc. ).
What does the literature review of undergraduate graduation thesis mean? As follows, it indicates the direction and achievements of current research. Finally, you should find out their shortcomings and the foothold of your article.
How to write the abstract at the beginning of the paper? It is a summary of the overall content of the article, including the overall summary of research purposes, research methods, research conclusions and research significance.
How to write a paper at the beginning of a composition How to write skills at the beginning of a composition
As the saying goes, "everything is difficult at the beginning." He also said, "A good beginning is half the battle." The same is true of composition, especially narrative. At the beginning, it is very important to create an atmosphere, set the tone for the article and give the reader the first impression. If the beginning of a composition is just right, it can often catch the reader at once and increase the highlights of the article. Therefore, whether you can write the beginning of a composition flexibly, uniquely and accurately is often related to the success or failure of an article. There are many ways to start a narrative, and the common ones are as follows:
First, cut to the chase and get to the point.
Narrative written mainly by characters can directly explain the characters or point out the topic through the description of portraits, languages and actions; Narrative narrative can point out the time, place and related background of the event at the beginning and enter the theme. For example:
1, the window of the sunset, a beautiful girl stood there, staring at the beautiful scenery of early spring outside. She sighed and looked down at the pink roses in the blue and white porcelain vase. She closed her eyes and recalled the past. (Pink Rose)
On that day, a big red notice was posted in front of the flower shop: order flowers for Mother's Day. Oh! Mother's Day is coming. It's time for me to prepare a holiday present for my mother. (Mother's Day gift)
Second, write landscapes and render the atmosphere.
At the beginning, the article starts with writing the scene, showing the environment of the characters' activities or explaining the background of the story, and rendering the atmosphere to set off the characters and unfold the story. For example:
1, Chaoyang comes out, and the lake dresses it; The new moon has come up, with the stars as companions; Spring blossoms, green leaves set it off; Birds sing, crickets play the piano for them ... Everything in the world tells us the story of love. (Forever Love)
2. When the sun sets, the dim glow renders half the sky. I am lonely on the balcony. On the old poplar outside the window, the unknown big bird is still tirelessly feeding its baby. Its mung bean-like eyes looked gently and lovingly at the bird that wanted to fly out of the nest. This photo, like this, reminds me of my mother ...
Third, guide the whole article and prompt the main points.
This beginning briefly summarizes the main content of the article, and the main points of the article are clear at a glance, such as:
1, Zheng Zhenduo's Cats begins with "I have several cats at home, and they always end up missing or dead." This sentence is a summary, indicating that the main content of the full text is about the process of raising three cats at home.
2. "I have a habit, and my mother says it's a good habit." ("I have a good habit") This opening comes straight to the point and dominates the whole article. The main part of the article focuses on a good habit of mine.
3. "Looking back at the traces of the years, I found that there are always some things that can't be erased by the wind and rain of life." ("Knocking on the Door Ring of Memory") This beginning prompts the main points of the article with concise language, so that people can know at a glance that the composition is about some unforgettable things in life.
Fourth, lyrical discussion, determine the tone.
With a few appropriate comments, make a lyrical essay at the beginning, or infect readers, or point out the main idea, and then. For example:
1, accompanied by the crackling firecrackers at the end of the year, stepping on the melting snow in Yuan Ye, you walk slowly, and your eyes are full of affection. You make my yellow face blush with the warmth of love; You sang with love, which awakened my confused faith. I, no longer depressed, no longer dull, no longer hesitant, no longer waiting, no longer watching, no longer praying, I will cheer up, find, find you, and find the colorful dreams you have woven for me! ("Love Send Spring Breeze")
2. Birthday is a line, one is me and the other is my grandmother. Birthday is a circle, surrounded by grandma's smile and my memory; Birthday is a river, and the swift current carries my thoughts of my grandmother. ("Birthday message")
V. Set the questions and introduce the following contents.
Starting with a question can catch the reader's heart at once, stimulate people's interest and thinking, and have fascinating effects. For example:
1. Did you jump off the cliff helplessly to get rid of that cold and hunger day? Did you throw yourself off this cliff to avoid the shame of being captured? (Trees on the Cliff)
2. Friend, have you heard how crocodiles cry? Have you heard the story of orangutans eating people? Do you know how aliens came to earth? ..... Oh, you shook your head. Don't worry, it's all like this-what "Anecdotes in the World" told me also made me feel the pleasure of reading after class. (The pleasure of reading after class)
Sixth, quote poems and highlight the center
Starting with poetic quips and famous sayings can not only stimulate readers' interest, but also improve the taste of the article. At the same time, it can also reveal the main content of the article and highlight people and events. For example:
1, "I came to this world to see the sunshine." I haven't forgotten this sentence of balmont for almost a day since I first read it. The poet, like a person who has never been hurt, sincerely, happily and quietly praises the earth, sunshine and the noisy world. ("I came to this world to see the sunshine")
2. "Mom, you are a lotus leaf and I am a red lotus. The raindrops in my heart are coming. Who is my shelter except you? " Every time I see Ms. Bing Xin eulogizing her mother's words, I can't help but think of my little loving mother, who bears the burden of family life alone. (Boundless Motherly Love)
Seven, contrast, contrast, contrast.
Through comparison or elaboration, this kind of opening can make the content to be expressed more prominent and eye-catching in contrast with other things, thus giving people a very clear and profound impression. For example:
1, the sun is shining outside the window, and a few birds are chirping happily in the tree, but I can't get up anyway, because my parents are separated and divorced, which is a great blow to me. I will try my best to reconcile my parents, because I want to have a perfect home. ("I want to have a perfect home")
When you see rows of vibrant green trees standing proudly on the flat land, you may not help admiring the extraordinary creativity of nature. Green trees are beautiful, and dead trees also have their loveliness, although youth is gone and life is decadent. (dead tree)
In fact, the beginning of a composition is often not a single form, sometimes it is a combination of several forms. For example, "The beauty is divided into two parts, and the Lingshan opens Jiuhua" is a poem left by Li Shang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. People have long known that words like "valleys crisscross", "silver waterfalls fly down" and "strange peaks and rocks are dotted around" are used to describe the wonders of Jiuhua Mountain, but this is only heard. If you want to really appreciate the beautiful scenery, you naturally have to go once, so you participated in the school's trip to Jiuhua Mountain in the summer vacation. " (Zhang Lei's "Nine Huashan on Sword") This opening not only quotes poems, but also begins with some questions. Another example is: "In late winter and early spring, the sky is very pure, as pure as a piece of glass without dust, as if knocking at the door can hear a crisp sound." There is no wind, the window is open, and the string of wind chimes is silent, as if asleep. Standing at the window, I looked up at the string of wind chimes, green silk thread and yellow orange peel-this is a very special string of wind chimes. Do you want to know how it was born? "(Listen to the sound of happiness) This opening not only sets off a quiet and beautiful atmosphere with delicate and vivid descriptions, but also sets fascinating questions to guide the whole article. Therefore, what kind of beginning to choose depends not only on the needs of composition, but also on your own expressive ability. You must not aim too high and be self-defeating.
A good composition should start with simplicity, novelty and beauty.
1, the so-called Jane means that the beginning should be concise and clear, and don't repeat it. You need something written clearly in one sentence, don't add a long narrative in front, delete all the nonsense, and make the article look straightforward and clean. For example:
Spring is like a large prose; Summer is like a sonnet. (A Summer Poem by Jane Privet)
When you smell chicken, you have to dance. Singing while drinking will make you feel sorry for the moon and feel that the wind is coming. (Zhang Wei, "Lin Feng")
2, the so-called new, is the beginning of unconventional, novel and chic. For example:
"I am a bird, a bird without wings. I am fluttering in the wind and rain, but I don't want to lose my way. There is a voice in my heart calling: I want to fly, I want to fly high ...-inscription "("I want to fly high ")
The author wrote down his heart in the form of an inscription, "To fly high", to be the master of learning, and to find his lost personality from the overwhelming pile of homework. Such a beginning is striking.
3, the so-called beauty, is to start to give people a sense of beauty, let people enjoy beauty. To achieve this effect, it is often necessary to use image description, beautiful lyric or appropriate rhetorical devices. For example:
A cool breeze blew through the window bar, gently tugging at the wind chimes, and Ding played a wonderful melody; The willows in Chi Pan are swaying in the wind, swinging their waist leisurely like water snakes, and the inseparable wicker is hiding around shyly; The breeze blows the white curtains and flutters like a sail. (Suite of Rain)
As the saying goes, "ditty is easy to sing, but it is difficult to write a good composition at the beginning." It requires us to feel life with our heart, to learn and accumulate writing knowledge, and to explore and innovate. Mencius said, "My life is limited and my knowledge is limited. "Knowledge is an endless sea, and writing is a spray in the sea. Only by devoting yourself to the ocean of knowledge, not afraid of the wind and waves, and daring to explore the treasures at the bottom of the sea can we capture the most beautiful waves in the field of writing.
How to review the literature? As a graduate student, literature review is our indispensable knowledge. So how to make a literature review? what is the purpose? Let me sort out the main contents of the book for you first. Literature review includes three steps: first, query related literature. When inquiring about related literature, the sources are generally related works, related papers, statistical data and archives. At present, most of them are said to come from related papers, that is, literature. Second, choose the literature. According to the similarity of documents, the publication time (the time should be in a relatively new range), some scholars with great academic influence, plus some judgments and needs. Third, actually read and analyze the literature. Here, we should pay attention to the theoretical framework, research methods, research results and our own evaluation of the research. Finally, I want to sum up what others have done before. What conclusions have been drawn? What are the weak links? You should have some opinions. The above is the official content of the literature review in the book. Teacher Hu assigned us a task before the Qingming holiday: everyone should make a literature review and find a topic that they are most interested in or familiar with. In this class, he mentioned that although the two are not related, in fact, what you are most interested in must spend the most time. Several students, including me, showed our theme and PPT in this class, but there was a serious problem: it was too broad. Teacher Hu said that the literature review actually explained two problems: First, find a research problem. Hold this question to study the literature and find out a specific and detailed problem. And when summing up and analyzing other people's literature to find problems, we must have arguments. Second, your research should be innovative. Every paper must be different, otherwise it is repetitive and meaningless. Two seemingly simple questions are not so easy to do. To find these two keys, we need to carefully analyze and scrutinize the literature. In fact, I still have a lot of doubts about literature review. I hope everyone will discuss it more.
Specific examples the benefits of the internet the benefits of using middle school students to write argumentative papers online.
The information characteristics of the Internet have promoted the renewal of middle school students' modern concepts, such as learning concept, efficiency concept and global consciousness. It enables middle school students to keep in touch with new things and technologies and accept the challenges of new ideas. Professor Yang, director of the Department of Psychology at Sun Yat-sen University, believes that the Internet has brought more positive things to children than negative things, except that illegal pornographic and violent websites may cause harm to children. Moreover, for middle school students, the internet is an unavoidable thing. Whether you like it or not, it is destined to become an indispensable thing in middle school students' life. Not allowing middle school students to surf the Internet will be detrimental to their growth. So what are the benefits of surfing the Internet for middle school students?
First, broaden your horizons.
Internet is an encyclopedic world with rich information, rapid information exchange and strong freedom, which enables middle school students to enjoy global information. Middle school students can get their own needs online, browse the world, get to know the world and know the latest news and information in the world, which greatly broadens their horizons and brings great convenience and fun to their study and life.
Second, strengthen foreign exchanges.
The Internet has created a virtual new world. In this new world, every member can go beyond the limitation of time and space, and easily contact and communicate with people who know or don't know, and discuss topics of common interest. Because of the "virtual" nature of network communication, people can avoid the friction and injury in direct communication, thus providing a brand-new communication place for people to meet their emotional needs and obtain information. Middle school students can further expand the space-time field of foreign exchanges and realize the liberalization of making friends. At the same time, middle school students are mostly only children and lonely at home. Psychologically, they are the most eager to communicate with others. Communication in real life may bring them pressure, especially those who are introverted. The Internet has given them new communication space and a relatively relaxed and equal environment.
Third, promote the individualized development of middle school students.
The world is rich and colorful, so should the development of mankind. The Internet provides an infinite variety of development opportunities for this environment. Middle school students can find their own development direction online, and they can also get the resources and motivation for development. Learning, research and even innovation can be realized by using the Internet, which is the most efficient learning. There is a huge amount of knowledge to learn on the Internet, which provides a very broad field for middle school students to make long-span association and imagination, and constantly provides nutrients for creative thinking. Some computer games can strengthen the logical thinking ability of middle school students to some extent.
Fourth, expand the space for middle school students to receive education today.
In our questionnaire survey, 15% people have improved their academic performance because of surfing the internet, which is also something we are proud of. Internet resources can help middle school students find suitable learning materials, even suitable schools and teachers, which has begun to become a reality, such as some famous online schools. It is worth mentioning that there are many students with learning difficulties, but they don't complain at all about learning computers and making web pages. It can be seen that their backwardness is mainly because their personality type and ability tendency are not suitable for a certain teaching mode. It can be said that the Internet provides a vast world for these "poor students" to display their intelligence.
How to write abstracts of papers and documents? How to organize it specifically? Literature review uses data, but there are not many fixed formats.
Mainly domestic and foreign scholars have put forward many views and opinions on the theme of your thesis. So-and-so scholars put forward their own opinions on the theme of your thesis in so-and-so articles.
It's all such statements, and it's ok to write them out. It takes about seven or eight articles, preferably those written by high-level figures and published in high-level journals.
: ki../ delivery/Lunwen-Wenxian Zongshu-14. The writing skills and model essays of literature review come from China HowNet, which is very comprehensive.
There are also documents on China HowNet.
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The articles found out can be written into a summary by reading the abstract. Find it yourself.
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