Art comes from life. Works of art are unique artistic products produced by the artist's self-discipline consciousness through certain artistic means. The following is the content of the paper on art and life that I collected for you. Welcome to read it for reference! Papers on Art and Life 1
On Art and Life at the End of the Middle Ages
Abstract: After studying Autumn in the Middle Ages, the author made an inventory and explanation of the art forms and characteristics in the Middle Ages, and found that compared with literary works, art in the Middle Ages had a beautification effect on life and history and better promoted peace; At the same time, it summarizes the characteristics of medieval art: religious and expressive; Applied art occupies a great proportion in medieval art, and has been well volatilized, which also places people's religious culture and emotional expression of real life.
Keywords: religion; Fine arts; Applied art; Medieval art
The author recently studied John &; middot; Huizinga's Autumn in the Middle Ages is a book that studies the life, thoughts and art of French and Dutch society in the 14th and 15th centuries. The book contains a lot of contents, especially concerning European culture, classical humanism, secular religious life and customs, literature and art history, and many historical figures, etc., which comprehensively introduces and summarizes the humanistic art and life in the Middle Ages. The author will focus on medieval art, especially painting.
1. Art beautifies life and history
There are profound and huge differences between the two images in the late Middle Ages, one is reflected in art, and the other comes from history and literature.
Art is higher than life, and it also comes from life. Only art that relies on the essence of life is true art.. The book mentions Burgundy culture and understands France in the late Middle Ages &; mdash; & mdash; The best way of Burgundy culture is art, especially painting, and the theme and content of painting come from life, which shows that the material world plays a guiding and decisive role in the spiritual world. Although literature closely related to art, including historical works and novels, all interpret and interpret life in their own unique ways, in historical works, such as Baront's History of Duke of Burgundy, a gloomy and gloomy image is created, and history always records the terrible human face. However, as a special form of art&; mdash; & mdash; Painting, in expressing life and conveying emotions, is more intuitive than literature, especially easel painting, sculpture and other works of art. The pictures and images in medieval art works are relatively peaceful and quiet, which transforms and beautifies the dark side of history.
Therefore, comparatively speaking, "the image of the times in art works is always brighter than that in poetry and historical works. Art is the main source of our perception of history, and works of art do not lament the sufferings of the world like words, but always retain the tone of sadness and dissatisfaction, and it will gradually fade away with the passage of time and history "[1](P.33).
second, religious and expressive
medieval art is one of the special manifestations of western culture. It changed the tradition of Greek art and Roman art, and gradually formed its own form and content system in the development, which became a special form of expression of people's life, ideas, thoughts and feelings in a specific period. Religion and expressiveness became the two characteristics of medieval art.
In the Middle Ages, there were not many surviving works of art, but in the late Middle Ages, art was still an inseparable part of life. At that time, people were not pursuing art itself, but a better life. "In art, people discovered the peace and kindness in life and the passion and meaning of life, which made them temporarily forget the troubles and sorrows of life. At that time, the joys and sorrows of life had fixed forms: religion, chivalry and court love, and both the beauty of life and art depended on and originated from these forms. " [1](P.34) "Real life is inseparable from people, and the beauty of life varies from person to person. It is people who make life colorful, artistic and aesthetic." [2] People are consciously engaged in activities, and people's aesthetic activities are always accompanied by various psychological activities &; mdash; & mdash; Emotion, pleasure, imagination, etc. People are always looking for comfort in the spiritual world, always pursuing a relaxed and happy living and living state. Faced with the cruelty of this world and all kinds of injustice, they are also escaping, and religious belief has become the spiritual pillar and strength that people firmly believe in. Giving their fate to God has become the best way for them to avoid the world, and it is not difficult to understand the religious themes that appear in works of art.
chivalry and religious love are both release and bondage. On the surface, chivalry is a manifestation of a person's politeness and heroic behavior, and it is a noble temperament and upbringing. At the bottom, it is the helplessness of many gentlemen. This stylized and standardized behavior is a binding of people's free behavior, a test of their own beliefs and loyalty and a compulsory unity, which is tantamount to what people say today. It's hard to tell whether the palace love is true love or not, and there may be true feelings, but it is undeniable that arranged love caused by the pursuit of profit is a common phenomenon in court love, and is there any right to choose one's own emotional destination? I'm afraid the answer is more negative. What about happiness and happiness in this life without basic human rights? In art, it is necessary to reflect and express these phenomena and facts. This kind of _ _ _ art does not pay attention to the real description of the objective world, but emphasizes the expression of the so-called spiritual world. To this end, it often uses exaggeration, deformation, changing the real spatial sequence and other means to achieve the purpose of strong expression.
third, the volatilization of applied art
in the middle ages, people's feelings about art were not the beauty of art itself. Most of the art at that time was applied art, even those works of art that we think exist because of ourselves are applied art. Both artists and ordinary people's desire for art also comes from life. In the appreciation of the great works of art in the 15th century, especially in the appreciation of altar art and cemetery art, the medieval people went far beyond the aesthetic point of view. The significance and practical function of works of art are far more important than its artistry. They are beautiful because they are sacred or have lofty practical functions. Religious traces and objects appearing in works of art are not only people's aesthetic needs, but also spiritual needs.
the spirit we are talking about is to raise the form it presents in its own consciousness to the form of consciousness itself, and put this form of consciousness in front of itself. The craftsman gave up the comprehensive work, that is, gave up the work of mixing two different forms of thought and nature. When this form of spirit wins the form of self-conscious activities, it becomes a spiritual worker. When people are not satisfied spiritually, ideology guides them to seek spiritual sustenance. Life is the bearing circle of all things, while religion and God occupy the primary position in people's lives at that time. Religion is bound to become the first choice for artists to explore materials at that time, and religious art has also become a beautiful landscape.
The works created by artists are usually for people to enjoy, but some works are mainly for people to use, that is, the above-mentioned "applied art", which is not only for visual beauty, but also for practical functions, such as religious art, sculpture and printed matter.
The inspiration of an artist's creation is related to various aspects: myths and legends, imagination, the artist's own heart and thoughts, real-world events and figures, and opinions entrusted by employers. And all these come from our closest life and the real world.
It is also mentioned in the article that during the funeral, the dead are dressed up by the living to "simulate the scene of the dead before their death", thus satisfying the mourners' longing for the appearance of their deceased relatives. It can be said that this is a kind of performance art, a performance art that reproduces life. It can be seen that performance art is not unique to contemporary art, and it was popular as early as the Middle Ages.
It is not difficult to find that a work at that time almost always had a specific purpose and purpose related to daily life. But it is a pity that only a very small part of the works of masters and general artists can be preserved so far, and it is a very special kind that can be handed down. These works are mainly tombstones, altars, portraits and miniatures.
in the late middle ages, France &; mdash; & mdash; Burgundy culture is the kind of culture that replaces beauty with colorful flowers. The art of this period faithfully reflects the spirit of this period, which has its own development path. The basic characteristics of the thought in the late Middle Ages are: warm emotions, the tendency to think that all details are independent entities, the diversity of devoted objects and the multi-tone description. On the contrary, Renaissance people's new perception of art and life resisted these characteristics of medieval people. People in the Middle Ages often traced the concept of beauty back to perfection, proportion and splendor. The taste of pursuing luxury in the Middle Ages is amazing to people today. Even in some existing works of art, it is not difficult to find the luxury tendency, from which we can better feel the extravagant and ostentatious elements in life at that time, which plays a very good role in understanding and recognizing the life situation at that time.
Today's people can confirm their own outlook on life and enjoy the joy of life at their own leisure time. However, in that era when the distribution of spiritual enjoyment is extremely uneven and many people find it difficult to enjoy spiritual enjoyment, in order to glow with new vitality, society needs a group behavior: festival activities. The greater the contrast between joy and daily suffering, the more necessary festivals are, and the more powerful the means to endow life with beauty. People need the enjoyment of beauty and joy to illuminate the dark side of reality. The 15th century is a century of depression and complete pessimism. People in distress need not only the repeated promises of happiness in heaven and the loving eyes of God, but also the bright, solemn and social groups to affirm the beauty of life from time to time. Life must be sublime with the help of beauty, and it must be fixed in the social expression of life joy. And art, as a common content, is more popular with people.
references:
[1] John &; middot; Hao Yijinha, translated by He Daokuan. Autumn in the Middle Ages: Life, Thought and Art in France and Holland in 14th and 15th centuries [M]. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 28.
[2] Liu Ji. "Beauty is life" and beauty in daily life &; mdash; & mdash; Reading Chernyshevski's Thoughts on the Aesthetic Relationship between Art and Reality [J]. Cultural and Educational Materials, 21, (33).
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